Isolation of reduced glutathione (GSH) from local fruit by mechanical methods /
The use of traditional medicine as an alternative source for the treatment of chronic diseases is encouraged due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs. Glutathione (GSH) is a volatile substance, sweet in taste, comprised of the amino acids cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine. It is the regulator...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur :
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click here to view 1st 24 pages of the thesis. Members can view fulltext at the specified PCs in the library. |
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| Summary: | The use of traditional medicine as an alternative source for the treatment of chronic diseases is encouraged due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs. Glutathione (GSH) is a volatile substance, sweet in taste, comprised of the amino acids cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine. It is the regulator and regenerator of immune cells and the most valuable detoxifying agent in human body. Low levels of GSH are associated with hepatic and immune dysfunction, cardiac disease, and premature aging. This research was conducted to investigate the potential Malaysian source of GSH and to optimize its production by using mechanical method. GSH was isolated from three selected local fruits of Malaysia which are Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylus) and Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota). Production of GSH was performed by using three cell disruption methods; homogenizer, ultrasonic and autolysis to disrupt the fruits cells with the main objective to obtain maximum GSH content. Different methods of cell disruption have different effects on the GSH production, in which, Ultrasonic was found to be the best cell disruption method, followed by Homogenizer and Autolysis method. On the other hand, Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) was found to be the best local fruit that contains higher GSH concentration with 52.88 + 0.5 μmol mL-1 as compared to Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) with 51.05 + 0.2 μmol mL-1 and Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylus) with 50.91 + 0.8 μmol mL-1. Although Ultrasonic was found to be the best mechanical method but due to small difference in the GSH production as well as economical reason, Homogenizer was selected for the optimization. Thus, a software was employed to optimize and further improve the production of GSH from homogenizer method using Face-Centered Central Composite Design under Response Surface Methodology (RSM) from Design Expert v.6.0.8 (Stat-Ease Inc. Minneapolis), with four different process parameters; namely the fruit concentration, reaction temperature, isolation time and rotational speed. It was discovered that maximum GSH (69.27 μmol mL-1) was obtained at 8.01% of fruit concentration, reaction temperature of 22.95oC, isolation time of 37.57 seconds and rotational speed of 15,645 rpm. This study emphasizes on the production and optimization of GSH by safe and nontoxic solvent which is water, by using fruit as a cheap material source to be used in pharmaceutical and food industries. |
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| Item Description: | Abstracts in English and Arabic. "A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science (Biotechnology Engineering)."--On t.p. |
| Physical Description: | xiv, 111 leaves : ill. ; 30cm. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-102). |