Enhancement of biogas production by enzymatic pre-treatment of palm oil mill effluent /
Biogas is produced through the process of anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Anaerobic digestion is completed through four sequential processes: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis by the aid of different types of microbes. To achieve efficient production of biogas, nutrients a...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur :
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://studentrepo.iium.edu.my/handle/123456789/4761 |
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| Summary: | Biogas is produced through the process of anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Anaerobic digestion is completed through four sequential processes: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis by the aid of different types of microbes. To achieve efficient production of biogas, nutrients and suitable process condition for micobes are two main prerequisites. Microbes cannot take complex substances as their food. During hydrolysis complex compounds are converted into simple monomers so that microbes can take the monomers as their food and energy easily. Enzymatic pre-treatment or enzyme application is one of the efficient techniques as enzymes increase the rate of conversion in hydrolysis. In this investigation locally produced, low cost lipase and cellulase enzymes using Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) were applied to the Palm oil mill effluent (POME) at different process conditions. Lipase helps to produce free fatty acid (FFA) from lipid and cellulase helps to produce reducing sugar from cellulose. At first objective two monomers, free fatty acid (FFA) and reducing sugar were measured by applying lipase and cellulase respectively with POME. At 1.25% TSS loading and pH 4.5 with 150 rpm rotation and addition of 15 U/ml lipase in POME, the FFA was increased to 3.5% FFA (1.75 fold enhanced compared to control sample) after 24 hours of reaction time. A 2.8 fold higher reducing sugar was observed compared to control sample at pH 5 with 20 CMC/ml cellulase loading. For monomer development at first objective control sample was prepared without any enzyme. At second objective biogas production was optimized by three parameters, cellulase, TSS and pH through response surface methodology (RSM) based on face-centered central composite design (FCCCD). For statistical optimization, treatment and control samples were prepared through pre-treatment with lipase enzyme. In statistical optimization, maximum 835 ml biogas with 85% COD removal was observed from 50 ml POME after 10 days of operation while 290 ml biogas produced from control sample. Flame test was done to prove produced sample is biogas. High coefficient of (R2) value of 0.994 indicated satisfactory fit of the model. Cellulase showed more effect on biogas production than another two parameters TSS and pH during statistical optimization experiments. The findings of this study represent that application of locally produced enzyme in hydrolysis of POME is an efficient technique to produce biogas and COD removal. |
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| Physical Description: | xiii, 110 leaves : colour illustrations ; 30cm. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-102). |