Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria

Citrus grandis flowers possesses a strong floral-, jasmine - and orange- like aroma that has a potential in perfumery industries. Three extraction techniques that is hydrodistillation, Soxhlet extraction and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) were coupling with gas chromatograph -mass spectrometry...

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Main Author:	Zakaria, Suhana
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2009
Subjects:	Plant anatomy Plant physiology
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27593/1/TM_SUHANA%20ZAKARIA%20AS%2009_5.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.275932020-01-22T05:35:20Z Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria 2009 Zakaria, Suhana Plant anatomy Plant physiology Citrus grandis flowers possesses a strong floral-, jasmine - and orange- like aroma that has a potential in perfumery industries. Three extraction techniques that is hydrodistillation, Soxhlet extraction and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) were coupling with gas chromatograph -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analysis of fragrance compounds from this flowers. About 120 compounds were detected in bud and blossom of these flowers, of which the five major fragrance compounds were β-myrcene, limonene, ocimene, linalool and caryophyllene. In hydrodistillation, ocimene and linalool detected in blossom were higher than in bud with 4.57%. However, Soxhlet extraction showed that bud contained high percent of limonene (27.25%), ocimene (5.55%) and linalool (2.97%) compared to blossom. Three different SPME fibers were used in this study, namely, 65 µm CAR/PDMS, 75 µm PDMS/DVB and 100 µm PDMS. The best result was obtained by 100 µM PDMS, that were then further analyzed for optimum sampling time. It showed 60 min fiber exposition time was the optimum sampling time to extract the major fragrance compounds from the headspace. In cell culture development, callus was successfully induced from different part of C. grandis flowers like petal , sepal, style, ovary, pistil and cup base on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/l) and various concentrations of hormones. It was found that different parts of flowers required different level of hormone for callus induction. The highest formation of callus were obtained from petal and sepal cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.5 mg/l kinetin. For the style and pistil, 50% of the explants had developed callus when cultured on MS media added with 0.05 mg/l and 0.10 mg/l BAP respectively. On the other hand, sucrose agar media alone managed to induce callus formation from the cup base and ovary with success rate between 11 ± 1.29 to 25 ± 4.19%. Callus obtained were then subjected to SPME for determination of compounds in the callus. Seven compounds were detected in the callus which some of the compounds shows the same compounds as detected in the fresh flowers. 2009 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27593/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27593/1/TM_SUHANA%20ZAKARIA%20AS%2009_5.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Applied Sciences
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Plant anatomy Plant physiology
spellingShingle	Plant anatomy Plant physiology Zakaria, Suhana Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
description	Citrus grandis flowers possesses a strong floral-, jasmine - and orange- like aroma that has a potential in perfumery industries. Three extraction techniques that is hydrodistillation, Soxhlet extraction and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) were coupling with gas chromatograph -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analysis of fragrance compounds from this flowers. About 120 compounds were detected in bud and blossom of these flowers, of which the five major fragrance compounds were β-myrcene, limonene, ocimene, linalool and caryophyllene. In hydrodistillation, ocimene and linalool detected in blossom were higher than in bud with 4.57%. However, Soxhlet extraction showed that bud contained high percent of limonene (27.25%), ocimene (5.55%) and linalool (2.97%) compared to blossom. Three different SPME fibers were used in this study, namely, 65 µm CAR/PDMS, 75 µm PDMS/DVB and 100 µm PDMS. The best result was obtained by 100 µM PDMS, that were then further analyzed for optimum sampling time. It showed 60 min fiber exposition time was the optimum sampling time to extract the major fragrance compounds from the headspace. In cell culture development, callus was successfully induced from different part of C. grandis flowers like petal , sepal, style, ovary, pistil and cup base on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/l) and various concentrations of hormones. It was found that different parts of flowers required different level of hormone for callus induction. The highest formation of callus were obtained from petal and sepal cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.5 mg/l kinetin. For the style and pistil, 50% of the explants had developed callus when cultured on MS media added with 0.05 mg/l and 0.10 mg/l BAP respectively. On the other hand, sucrose agar media alone managed to induce callus formation from the cup base and ovary with success rate between 11 ± 1.29 to 25 ± 4.19%. Callus obtained were then subjected to SPME for determination of compounds in the callus. Seven compounds were detected in the callus which some of the compounds shows the same compounds as detected in the fresh flowers.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Zakaria, Suhana
author_facet	Zakaria, Suhana
author_sort	Zakaria, Suhana
title	Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
title_short	Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
title_full	Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
title_fullStr	Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
title_full_unstemmed	Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria
title_sort	compounds and development of cell cultures of citrus grandis (osbeck.) flowers / suhana zakaria
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2009
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/27593/1/TM_SUHANA%20ZAKARIA%20AS%2009_5.pdf
_version_	1783733979516502016

Compounds and development of cell cultures of Citrus grandis (OSBECK.) flowers / Suhana Zakaria

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