A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan

Microsporidia is an obligate intracellular, spore-forming fungus which has the polar tube used to infiltrate host cells like human and animals that may leads to microsporidiosis. There are 150 genera and 8 genera of microsporidia have been described infect human hosts. However, Enterocytozoon bieneu...

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Main Author:	Roslan, Nurain Nabilah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	Environmental health Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/28089/1/TD_NURAIN%20NABILAH%20ROSLAN%20HS%2015_5.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.28089
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.280892020-02-03T04:12:16Z A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan 2015 Roslan, Nurain Nabilah Environmental health. Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply Personal health and hygiene. Including clothing, bathing, exercise, travel, nutrition, sleep, sex hygiene Microsporidia is an obligate intracellular, spore-forming fungus which has the polar tube used to infiltrate host cells like human and animals that may leads to microsporidiosis. There are 150 genera and 8 genera of microsporidia have been described infect human hosts. However, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon cuniculi are the most microsporidia species that causing gastrointestinal infection globally. Microsporidia can infect human through zoonotic, inter-human, water-borne, food-borne, transplacental and sexual transmission. Up to this date, many studies were focus more on immunocompromised patients with microsporidiosis compared than immunocompetent individuals. To the best of our knowledge, there is scanty data reported on microsporidiosis by using molecular methods in Malaysia. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted from March to July 2015 in Sekolah Kebangsaan Penderas, Pahang to establish the existence of microsporidial infection among Orang Asli school children by determine the prevalence, species, risk factors and clinical manifestations of microsporidiosis. Eighty-nine stool samples were collected and examined for microsporidia spores using direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation and modified formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Then, all these slides were stained with modified Gram-chromotrope Kinyoun. The positive microscopic samples were further analyzed with polymerase chain reaction for identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Pre-tested questionnaire was used in order to associate this infection with socio-demographic and clinical manifestations by using Pearson's Chi-square and univariate analysis tests. Overall, 69 (77.5%) stool samples showed positive with microsporidia microscopically. However, no significant difference was found between age groups (p = 0.090), genders (p = 0.824) and possible risk factors with intestinal microsporidiosis. Furthermore, there is no statistically significant between diarrhea (p = 0.226) and other gastrointestinal symptoms (p = 0.555) with microsporidia. None of E. bieneusi could be isolated from the microscopically positive samples in the present study. Since this study covered E. bieneusi species only, further studies to determine other microsporidia species need to be carried out in order to determine the species-specific prevalence of microsporidia among Orang Asli school children. Besides, different type of samples like water and animal samples should be examined in order to identify the right association socio-demographic and clinical manifestations with microsporidiosis. 2015 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/28089/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/28089/1/TD_NURAIN%20NABILAH%20ROSLAN%20HS%2015_5.pdf text en public degree Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Health Sciences
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Environmental health Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply Environmental health Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply
spellingShingle	Environmental health Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply Environmental health Including sewage disposal, air pollution, nuisances, water supply Roslan, Nurain Nabilah A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
description	Microsporidia is an obligate intracellular, spore-forming fungus which has the polar tube used to infiltrate host cells like human and animals that may leads to microsporidiosis. There are 150 genera and 8 genera of microsporidia have been described infect human hosts. However, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon cuniculi are the most microsporidia species that causing gastrointestinal infection globally. Microsporidia can infect human through zoonotic, inter-human, water-borne, food-borne, transplacental and sexual transmission. Up to this date, many studies were focus more on immunocompromised patients with microsporidiosis compared than immunocompetent individuals. To the best of our knowledge, there is scanty data reported on microsporidiosis by using molecular methods in Malaysia. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted from March to July 2015 in Sekolah Kebangsaan Penderas, Pahang to establish the existence of microsporidial infection among Orang Asli school children by determine the prevalence, species, risk factors and clinical manifestations of microsporidiosis. Eighty-nine stool samples were collected and examined for microsporidia spores using direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation and modified formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Then, all these slides were stained with modified Gram-chromotrope Kinyoun. The positive microscopic samples were further analyzed with polymerase chain reaction for identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Pre-tested questionnaire was used in order to associate this infection with socio-demographic and clinical manifestations by using Pearson's Chi-square and univariate analysis tests. Overall, 69 (77.5%) stool samples showed positive with microsporidia microscopically. However, no significant difference was found between age groups (p = 0.090), genders (p = 0.824) and possible risk factors with intestinal microsporidiosis. Furthermore, there is no statistically significant between diarrhea (p = 0.226) and other gastrointestinal symptoms (p = 0.555) with microsporidia. None of E. bieneusi could be isolated from the microscopically positive samples in the present study. Since this study covered E. bieneusi species only, further studies to determine other microsporidia species need to be carried out in order to determine the species-specific prevalence of microsporidia among Orang Asli school children. Besides, different type of samples like water and animal samples should be examined in order to identify the right association socio-demographic and clinical manifestations with microsporidiosis.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Bachelor degree
author	Roslan, Nurain Nabilah
author_facet	Roslan, Nurain Nabilah
author_sort	Roslan, Nurain Nabilah
title	A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
title_short	A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
title_full	A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
title_fullStr	A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
title_full_unstemmed	A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan
title_sort	preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among orang asli school children in temerloh, pahang / nurain nabilah roslan
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Health Sciences
publishDate	2015
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/28089/1/TD_NURAIN%20NABILAH%20ROSLAN%20HS%2015_5.pdf
_version_	1783734050493562880

A preliminary study of intestinal microsporidiosis among Orang Asli school children in Temerloh, Pahang / Nurain Nabilah Roslan

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