Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee

The anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) is a hormonal derivative including testosterone. The substances are used by the athletes to enhance performance and appearance either legally or illegally. There are many studies had been done on the physiological and psychological effects of AAS administration....

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Main Author:	Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/99023/1/99023.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.99023
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uitm-ir.990232024-09-17T03:45:02Z Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee 2017 Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan The anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) is a hormonal derivative including testosterone. The substances are used by the athletes to enhance performance and appearance either legally or illegally. There are many studies had been done on the physiological and psychological effects of AAS administration. This present study would measure the effects of AAS intakes of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on nutrition, body image dissatisfaction and visuospatial test performance. Participants were recruited from eight Gymnasium Rakyat 1 Malaysia in Selangor. 14 participants voluntarily participate in this study consisted of seven AAS users (AASU) and seven non-AAS users (NAAS). Self-administered KAP questionnaire which contained information about nutrients, food groups, diet and 24 hours food diary were completed by participants. Adonis Complex Questionnaire (MRT) and Mental Rotation Test (MRT) also completed by participants for measuring body image dissatisfaction and visuospatial ability respectively. Independent t-test found significant difference in total caloric intake (p= 0.024), body image (p= 0.048), MRT (p= 0.039), protein intake from supplements (p= 0.002) and fat intake (p= 0.014). However, there was no significant difference was found on other variables. The most consumable supplements were protein powder (100%), followed by amino acid (78.5%) and vitamins (71%). The findings would contribute to the body of knowledge especially on the AAS abuse in this country. Findings also suggested the need for AAS awareness campaign and nutrition education among the bodybuilders in Malaysia. Small sample sizes may limit the generalisation of the results of this study. More participants should be included in future research especially among AAS users. 2017 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/99023/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/99023/1/99023.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Sport Science and Recreation Salleh, Razali Mohamed Tumijan, Wahidah
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Salleh, Razali Mohamed Tumijan, Wahidah
description	The anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) is a hormonal derivative including testosterone. The substances are used by the athletes to enhance performance and appearance either legally or illegally. There are many studies had been done on the physiological and psychological effects of AAS administration. This present study would measure the effects of AAS intakes of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on nutrition, body image dissatisfaction and visuospatial test performance. Participants were recruited from eight Gymnasium Rakyat 1 Malaysia in Selangor. 14 participants voluntarily participate in this study consisted of seven AAS users (AASU) and seven non-AAS users (NAAS). Self-administered KAP questionnaire which contained information about nutrients, food groups, diet and 24 hours food diary were completed by participants. Adonis Complex Questionnaire (MRT) and Mental Rotation Test (MRT) also completed by participants for measuring body image dissatisfaction and visuospatial ability respectively. Independent t-test found significant difference in total caloric intake (p= 0.024), body image (p= 0.048), MRT (p= 0.039), protein intake from supplements (p= 0.002) and fat intake (p= 0.014). However, there was no significant difference was found on other variables. The most consumable supplements were protein powder (100%), followed by amino acid (78.5%) and vitamins (71%). The findings would contribute to the body of knowledge especially on the AAS abuse in this country. Findings also suggested the need for AAS awareness campaign and nutrition education among the bodybuilders in Malaysia. Small sample sizes may limit the generalisation of the results of this study. More participants should be included in future research especially among AAS users.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan
spellingShingle	Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
author_facet	Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan
author_sort	Shafiee, Mohd Nur Ikhwan
title	Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
title_short	Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
title_full	Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
title_fullStr	Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
title_full_unstemmed	Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee
title_sort	knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / mohd nur ikhwan shafiee
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	Faculty of Sport Science and Recreation
publishDate	2017
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/99023/1/99023.pdf
_version_	1811768974674755584

Knowledge, attitude and practice on nutrition, body image, and visuospatial test performance of self-administered anabolic androgenic steroid among male bodybuilders / Mohd Nur Ikhwan Shafiee

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