Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid

Revolutionary act on modern cement production is marking a positive finding on the utilization of industrial solid waste and agro-based waste as cement replacement material (CRM) which is rich in silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). Palm oil wastes are commonly dumped and abandoned in the vicinity due...

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Main Author:	Amalina Hanani, Ismail
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	QD Chemistry T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/32745/1/Pozzolanic%20reactivity%20of%20chemically%20pre-treated%20palm%20oil%20clinker%20powder%20%28POCP%29.pdf
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id	my-ump-ir.32745
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
collection	UMPSA Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry T Technology (General) Amalina Hanani, Ismail Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
description	Revolutionary act on modern cement production is marking a positive finding on the utilization of industrial solid waste and agro-based waste as cement replacement material (CRM) which is rich in silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). Palm oil wastes are commonly dumped and abandoned in the vicinity due to an improper waste management and could become a serious threat to the environment through the potential risk of pollution. One of its by-product i.e. palm oil clinker (POC) is not a favourable choice as a filler and replacement material for cement in concrete production due to its coarse form, low surface area, and less reactivity. Besides, POC contains impurities of organic carbon and traces of alkali metal oxides and several transition elements, which could inhibit the reaction of Si precursors with Portlandite during hydration process. This study investigated the method of improving the pozzolanic reactivity of POCP through mechanical and chemical pre-treatment. In mechanical pre-treatment, POC was ground to a finer particle passing 300 µm and would be referred as palm oil clinker (POCP) in the main text. Impregnation of POCP particles in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution was supposed to remove the unburned carbon and unnecessarily elements, besides enhancing the pozzolanic reactivity of the material. However, the optimum parameter for the chemical pre-treatment of POCP has not been fully investigated. Therefore, this research is proposed to investigate the effect of HCl concentration and heating period on the removal of unburned carbon and traces of alkali metals oxides for pre-treatment process. Besides, this study was conducted to analyse the pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pretreated POCP and the performances in cementitious environment. Different combinations of parameters were investigated to obtain the most optimum parameter based on the higher removal of impurities and increment in SiO2 proportion in POCP. The analysis was performed via X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Based on the results, 0.1M – 1h was chosen as the optimum parameter and would be used for the subsequence analysis. Nitrogen adsorption test, particle size distribution, mineralography analysis, and microstructure imaging of POCP were conducted to study the physical characteristic of the source material. Meanwhile, pozzolanic reactivity of POCP was studied via Chapelle test, heat of hydration, and Thermogravimetry analysis. The effect of POCP as a pozzolan was also measured by incorporating it in mortar mixtures. Different percentage of POCP inclusion were adopted and control specimen was used as the benchmark for the entire test. Inclusion of chemically pre-treated POCP in cementitious medium has marked a positive outcome in compressive strength and porosity results. Based on the results, treated 7.5 was chosen as the most applicable POCP replacement for the production of sustainable mortar due to the high strength (27.69 MPa), on par with control mortar. Statistical analysis was conducted to justify the obtained results using mathematical inferences for more solid conclusion and the accuracy of the data sets. According to the statistical analysis for Chapelle method, 0.1 M-1h was compared with 0.5 M-2h on the mean and standard error of the data. 0.1 M-1h has more reliable and consistent data, thus strengthen the decision of using 0.1 M-1h as optimum combination parameter for pretreatment basis. In a nutshell, chemically pre-treat POCP by using optimum parameters (concentration of HCl and heating period) has proven to increase and enhance the pozzolanic reactivity of the material by improving its chemical and physical properties.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Amalina Hanani, Ismail
author_facet	Amalina Hanani, Ismail
author_sort	Amalina Hanani, Ismail
title	Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
title_short	Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
title_full	Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
title_fullStr	Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
title_full_unstemmed	Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid
title_sort	pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (pocp) with hydrochloric acid
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering Technology
publishDate	2019
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/32745/1/Pozzolanic%20reactivity%20of%20chemically%20pre-treated%20palm%20oil%20clinker%20powder%20%28POCP%29.pdf
_version_	1783732171973853184
spelling	my-ump-ir.327452021-12-07T14:51:25Z Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid 2019-08 Amalina Hanani, Ismail QD Chemistry T Technology (General) Revolutionary act on modern cement production is marking a positive finding on the utilization of industrial solid waste and agro-based waste as cement replacement material (CRM) which is rich in silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3). Palm oil wastes are commonly dumped and abandoned in the vicinity due to an improper waste management and could become a serious threat to the environment through the potential risk of pollution. One of its by-product i.e. palm oil clinker (POC) is not a favourable choice as a filler and replacement material for cement in concrete production due to its coarse form, low surface area, and less reactivity. Besides, POC contains impurities of organic carbon and traces of alkali metal oxides and several transition elements, which could inhibit the reaction of Si precursors with Portlandite during hydration process. This study investigated the method of improving the pozzolanic reactivity of POCP through mechanical and chemical pre-treatment. In mechanical pre-treatment, POC was ground to a finer particle passing 300 µm and would be referred as palm oil clinker (POCP) in the main text. Impregnation of POCP particles in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution was supposed to remove the unburned carbon and unnecessarily elements, besides enhancing the pozzolanic reactivity of the material. However, the optimum parameter for the chemical pre-treatment of POCP has not been fully investigated. Therefore, this research is proposed to investigate the effect of HCl concentration and heating period on the removal of unburned carbon and traces of alkali metals oxides for pre-treatment process. Besides, this study was conducted to analyse the pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pretreated POCP and the performances in cementitious environment. Different combinations of parameters were investigated to obtain the most optimum parameter based on the higher removal of impurities and increment in SiO2 proportion in POCP. The analysis was performed via X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Based on the results, 0.1M – 1h was chosen as the optimum parameter and would be used for the subsequence analysis. Nitrogen adsorption test, particle size distribution, mineralography analysis, and microstructure imaging of POCP were conducted to study the physical characteristic of the source material. Meanwhile, pozzolanic reactivity of POCP was studied via Chapelle test, heat of hydration, and Thermogravimetry analysis. The effect of POCP as a pozzolan was also measured by incorporating it in mortar mixtures. Different percentage of POCP inclusion were adopted and control specimen was used as the benchmark for the entire test. Inclusion of chemically pre-treated POCP in cementitious medium has marked a positive outcome in compressive strength and porosity results. Based on the results, treated 7.5 was chosen as the most applicable POCP replacement for the production of sustainable mortar due to the high strength (27.69 MPa), on par with control mortar. Statistical analysis was conducted to justify the obtained results using mathematical inferences for more solid conclusion and the accuracy of the data sets. According to the statistical analysis for Chapelle method, 0.1 M-1h was compared with 0.5 M-2h on the mean and standard error of the data. 0.1 M-1h has more reliable and consistent data, thus strengthen the decision of using 0.1 M-1h as optimum combination parameter for pretreatment basis. In a nutshell, chemically pre-treat POCP by using optimum parameters (concentration of HCl and heating period) has proven to increase and enhance the pozzolanic reactivity of the material by improving its chemical and physical properties. 2019-08 Thesis http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/32745/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/32745/1/Pozzolanic%20reactivity%20of%20chemically%20pre-treated%20palm%20oil%20clinker%20powder%20%28POCP%29.pdf pdf en public masters Universiti Malaysia Pahang Faculty of Engineering Technology

Pozzolanic reactivity of chemically pre-treated palm oil clinker powder (POCP) with hydrochloric acid

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