Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique

Mahkota Dewa or Phaleria Macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family and is one of the famous herbal medicines used by local people as a complementary alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus, cancer and hypertension. Currently, encapsulation using a spray drying technique prote...

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Main Author:	Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39613/1/ir.Encapsulation%20of%20mahkota%20dewa%20plant%20extracts%20using%20spray%20drying%20technique.pdf
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spelling	my-ump-ir.396132023-12-11T10:23:11Z Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique 2023-02 Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology Mahkota Dewa or Phaleria Macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family and is one of the famous herbal medicines used by local people as a complementary alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus, cancer and hypertension. Currently, encapsulation using a spray drying technique protects the bioactive ingredient from thermal degradation during production and improves the shelf life. This work aims to screen and optimise the process parameters affecting the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa fruit extracts using the spray-drying technique. One-Factor-At-A-Time (OFAT) was used to investigate the inlet air-dry temperatures (100-200˚C), feed flow rates (485-2115 mL/hr), air-dry flow rates (3.5-4.3 m/s) and encapsulation agents (maltodextrin, arabic gum and 50% maltodextrin-arabic gum) on the DPPH inhibition, moisture content and particle size distribution of spray dried powder. Then, Faced-Centred-Composite Design (FCCCD) from response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimise the parameters. The spray dried powder obtained at optimised conditions was further characterised using a moisture analyser, mastersizer, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), phenolic Folin-Ciocalteu assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and anti-diabetic activity (ADA) analysis. OFAT study showed that the inlet air-dry temperature, feed pump flow rate, air-dry flow rate and encapsulation agent affected the amount of dried powder produced and its physicochemical properties. Lower moisture content and smaller powder particle size with higher antioxidant activity were produced at higher inlet air-dry temperature, lower feed pump flow rate and higher air-dry flow rate. The inlet air-dry temperature (200˚C), feed pump flow rate (485 mL/hr) and air-dry flow rate (3.7 m/s) show the highest amount of spray dried powder product produced. The moisture content, mean particle size and antioxidant activity were 4.88%, 8.145 μm and 91.4277 %, respectively. The encapsulation with the combination of arabic gum and maltodextrin showed a better physicochemical property. The moisture content, mean particle size and antioxidant activity were 6.67%, 10.38 μm and 91.4087%, respectively. The optimised conditions obtained using the FCCCD method were 194.98°C inlet air-dry temperature, 447.28 mL/hr feed flow rate and 3.75 air-dry flow rate with 5.19% moisture content and 92.10% antioxidant activity. The characterisations of optimised microcapsules using SEM showed irregular shape, no open pores on the surface and significant shrinking effect. The antioxidant activities, total phenolic content and mangiferin yield were 92.10%, 0.65635 ± 0.0392 mg GAE/mg sample and 16.87 ± 2.35, respectively. The values are higher than those obtained from the OFAT and spray drying process without encapsulation. The anti-diabetic analysis confirms that Mahkota Dewa Fruit extract and optimised microcapsules exert insulin sensitising activity in the same manner as rosiglitazone does and therefore, can become a potential antidiabetic substances. In conclusion, this work successfully screened and optimised the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa extracts into dried powder form using the spray drying technique. The outcome provides the suitable inlet air temperature, feed pump flow rate, dry air flow rate and type of carrier for spray drying of Mahkota Dewa extract. 2023-02 Thesis http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39613/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39613/1/ir.Encapsulation%20of%20mahkota%20dewa%20plant%20extracts%20using%20spray%20drying%20technique.pdf pdf en public masters Universiti Malaysia Pahang Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Siti Kholijah, Abdul Mudalip
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
collection	UMPSA Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Siti Kholijah, Abdul Mudalip
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
description	Mahkota Dewa or Phaleria Macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family and is one of the famous herbal medicines used by local people as a complementary alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus, cancer and hypertension. Currently, encapsulation using a spray drying technique protects the bioactive ingredient from thermal degradation during production and improves the shelf life. This work aims to screen and optimise the process parameters affecting the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa fruit extracts using the spray-drying technique. One-Factor-At-A-Time (OFAT) was used to investigate the inlet air-dry temperatures (100-200˚C), feed flow rates (485-2115 mL/hr), air-dry flow rates (3.5-4.3 m/s) and encapsulation agents (maltodextrin, arabic gum and 50% maltodextrin-arabic gum) on the DPPH inhibition, moisture content and particle size distribution of spray dried powder. Then, Faced-Centred-Composite Design (FCCCD) from response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimise the parameters. The spray dried powder obtained at optimised conditions was further characterised using a moisture analyser, mastersizer, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), phenolic Folin-Ciocalteu assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and anti-diabetic activity (ADA) analysis. OFAT study showed that the inlet air-dry temperature, feed pump flow rate, air-dry flow rate and encapsulation agent affected the amount of dried powder produced and its physicochemical properties. Lower moisture content and smaller powder particle size with higher antioxidant activity were produced at higher inlet air-dry temperature, lower feed pump flow rate and higher air-dry flow rate. The inlet air-dry temperature (200˚C), feed pump flow rate (485 mL/hr) and air-dry flow rate (3.7 m/s) show the highest amount of spray dried powder product produced. The moisture content, mean particle size and antioxidant activity were 4.88%, 8.145 μm and 91.4277 %, respectively. The encapsulation with the combination of arabic gum and maltodextrin showed a better physicochemical property. The moisture content, mean particle size and antioxidant activity were 6.67%, 10.38 μm and 91.4087%, respectively. The optimised conditions obtained using the FCCCD method were 194.98°C inlet air-dry temperature, 447.28 mL/hr feed flow rate and 3.75 air-dry flow rate with 5.19% moisture content and 92.10% antioxidant activity. The characterisations of optimised microcapsules using SEM showed irregular shape, no open pores on the surface and significant shrinking effect. The antioxidant activities, total phenolic content and mangiferin yield were 92.10%, 0.65635 ± 0.0392 mg GAE/mg sample and 16.87 ± 2.35, respectively. The values are higher than those obtained from the OFAT and spray drying process without encapsulation. The anti-diabetic analysis confirms that Mahkota Dewa Fruit extract and optimised microcapsules exert insulin sensitising activity in the same manner as rosiglitazone does and therefore, can become a potential antidiabetic substances. In conclusion, this work successfully screened and optimised the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa extracts into dried powder form using the spray drying technique. The outcome provides the suitable inlet air temperature, feed pump flow rate, dry air flow rate and type of carrier for spray drying of Mahkota Dewa extract.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman
author_facet	Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman
author_sort	Muhammad Norzaman, Kathiman
title	Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
title_short	Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
title_full	Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
title_fullStr	Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
title_full_unstemmed	Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
title_sort	encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology
publishDate	2023
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39613/1/ir.Encapsulation%20of%20mahkota%20dewa%20plant%20extracts%20using%20spray%20drying%20technique.pdf
_version_	1794020295321845760

Encapsulation of mahkota dewa plant extracts using spray drying technique

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