Biodegradation of crude oil and oil spill Plume Modeling of locally isolated beneficial microorganisms
A biodegradation study was performed to assess the biodegradation of crude oil by five locally isolated beneficial microorganisms (LIBeM) which were Candida tropicalis RETL-Cr1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BAS-Cr1, Chromobacterium valaceum MAB-Cr1, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia RAS-Cr1 and Aeromonas hy...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/26922/1/Biodegradation%20of%20crude%20oil%20and%20oil%20spill%20Plume%20Modeling%20of%20locally%20isolated%20beneficial%20microorganisms.pdf |
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| Summary: | A biodegradation study was performed to assess the biodegradation of crude oil by
five locally isolated beneficial microorganisms (LIBeM) which were Candida
tropicalis RETL-Cr1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BAS-Cr1, Chromobacterium valaceum
MAB-Cr1, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia RAS-Cr1 and Aeromonas hydrophila RETLCr3,
as single and consortia cultures. Sabah Light Crude Oil was used as sole
carbon source for all sets of experiments. The study was carried out using shakeflask
culture at optimum temperature (30C to 37C), agitated at 200rpm. Microbial
growth profile was monitored by measuring the optical density (O.D.600) on interval
time. Biodegradation rate and efficiency were quantified by comparing the initial
and final crude oil concentration, whereas the degradation of selected aliphatic
hydrocarbons was quantified by comparing the initial and final area in
chromatogram. The biodegradation ratios were monitored using Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Present finding showed that all
single and consortia culture able to grow in 5%, 10% and 15% (v/v) crude oil. The
growth of all single species and consortia culture in crude oil proceed even after 70
days of the study. In 5% (v/v) crude oil, consortia culture has the highest
biodegradation efficiency with overall biodegradation efficiency is 96.11% and the
overall biodegradation rate after 70 days is 7.84 g/L/d. In 10% (v/v) crude oil,
consortia culture has the highest overall biodegradation efficiency and rate which
are 96.04% and 9.55 g/L/d respectively. In 15% (v/v), consortia culture also has
the highest overall biodegradation efficiency of 94.02% and overall biodegradation
rate of 10.75 g/L/d. The reduction of hydrocarbons by all single species and
consortia culture are varies. In 5% (v/v) crude oil, single culture C. tropicalis RETLCr1
showed almost 100% degradation of n-alkane (heptadecane). In 10% (v/v)
crude oil, consortia culture degraded 98% of n-alkane (eicosane). Meanwhile, on
15% (v/v) crude oil, consortia culture degraded 96% n-alkane (heptadecane) after
70 treatment days. Ultimately, the biodegradation ratio shows that biodegradation
of crude oil had taken place during the specified biodegradation study. It can be
concluded that the potency of microbe as hydrocarbon degrader in descending
order is as follows: Consortia (all five species) > C. tropicalis RETL-Cr1 > A.
hydrophila RETL-Cr3 > C. valaceum MAB-Cr1 > S. maltophilia RAS-Cr1 > P.aeruginosa BAS-Cr1. Two spill simulations incorporating biodegradation rate
constant of consortia culture were run using MIKE 21/3 OS model. The spills flow to
North East and South West direction due to different metocean conditions. The
heavy oil was visually affected by the biodegradation compared to semi-volatile and
volatile oil with the arrangement k1 > k2 > k3 >kANBR for all simulations. Therefore,
the hypothetical spills represent significant effect of biodegradation to total oil mass
after 14 days. |
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