The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw

A study of the catalytic pyrolysis on rice straw was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The work objectives were to determine the influences of pyrolysis parameters i.e pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and holding time on distribution of product yield. The optimization process was analyzed by...

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Main Author:	Razi, Ahmad
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Rice straw Pyrolysis proses Catalytic pyrolysis Bio-oil Agricultural wastes Biomass
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/2/Full%20Text.pdf
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spelling	my-unimap-128102011-06-27T14:35:45Z The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw Razi, Ahmad A study of the catalytic pyrolysis on rice straw was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The work objectives were to determine the influences of pyrolysis parameters i.e pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and holding time on distribution of product yield. The optimization process was analyzed by employing central composite rotatable design (CCRD) in response surface methodology (RSM). The catalysts used in this research were zeolite ZSM-5 and dolomite. The catalytic pyrolysis was carried out based on optimized condition of bio-oil yield. The characterization of pyrolysis product between non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis were investigated, by elemental, spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The char yield produced from pyrolysis process was high at low heating rates, while the gas yield produced was high at higher temperature and longer holding time. The experimental value of the optimum bio-oil yield was 27.62% as compared to the predicted value which bio-oil yield was 27.87% at pyrolysis temperature of 450 oC, heating rate of 77.63 oC/min and holding time of 2.61 min by using optimization process in the Design Expert (DOE) software. The chemical characterization studies of uncatalysed bio-oil derived from pyrolysis of rice straw contained considerable amounts of carbonyl and oxygenated compound, resulting in higher oxygen content in elemental composition and low pH value. Used of zeolites ZSM-5 and dolomite caused an increase in gas yields and a decrease in bio-oil yields. The product yields and the quality of the produced bio-oil were affected by the used of catalyst. The major improvement in the quality of liquid product with the use of catalyst was the increase of phenol concentration (useful chemicals) and the reduction of some corrosive acids which are undesirable compound in bio-oil. Dolomite catalyst having the most impacts than zeolite ZSM-5 in removing some of aldehyde and ketone compounds which are responsible for the thermal or storage stability. The influence of the zeolite ZSM-5 and dolomite catalyst used in this study caused only enhancement of liquid production in terms of quality but not the bio-oil produced. Universiti Malaysia Perlis 2010 Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/123456789/12810 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/3/license.txt 1521f395e1658520374493e16fd3421f http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/1/p.%201-24.pdf 800d5f16d472a359877b4dc31cf3f74b http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/2/Full%20Text.pdf 6e3476de3c8e2c51033ac7feb6fc2bd9 Rice straw Pyrolysis proses Catalytic pyrolysis Bio-oil Agricultural wastes Biomass School of Environmental Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Rice straw Pyrolysis proses Catalytic pyrolysis Bio-oil Agricultural wastes Biomass
spellingShingle	Rice straw Pyrolysis proses Catalytic pyrolysis Bio-oil Agricultural wastes Biomass Razi, Ahmad The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
description	A study of the catalytic pyrolysis on rice straw was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The work objectives were to determine the influences of pyrolysis parameters i.e pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and holding time on distribution of product yield. The optimization process was analyzed by employing central composite rotatable design (CCRD) in response surface methodology (RSM). The catalysts used in this research were zeolite ZSM-5 and dolomite. The catalytic pyrolysis was carried out based on optimized condition of bio-oil yield. The characterization of pyrolysis product between non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis were investigated, by elemental, spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The char yield produced from pyrolysis process was high at low heating rates, while the gas yield produced was high at higher temperature and longer holding time. The experimental value of the optimum bio-oil yield was 27.62% as compared to the predicted value which bio-oil yield was 27.87% at pyrolysis temperature of 450 oC, heating rate of 77.63 oC/min and holding time of 2.61 min by using optimization process in the Design Expert (DOE) software. The chemical characterization studies of uncatalysed bio-oil derived from pyrolysis of rice straw contained considerable amounts of carbonyl and oxygenated compound, resulting in higher oxygen content in elemental composition and low pH value. Used of zeolites ZSM-5 and dolomite caused an increase in gas yields and a decrease in bio-oil yields. The product yields and the quality of the produced bio-oil were affected by the used of catalyst. The major improvement in the quality of liquid product with the use of catalyst was the increase of phenol concentration (useful chemicals) and the reduction of some corrosive acids which are undesirable compound in bio-oil. Dolomite catalyst having the most impacts than zeolite ZSM-5 in removing some of aldehyde and ketone compounds which are responsible for the thermal or storage stability. The influence of the zeolite ZSM-5 and dolomite catalyst used in this study caused only enhancement of liquid production in terms of quality but not the bio-oil produced.
format	Thesis
author	Razi, Ahmad
author_facet	Razi, Ahmad
author_sort	Razi, Ahmad
title	The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
title_short	The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
title_full	The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
title_fullStr	The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
title_full_unstemmed	The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
title_sort	direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
granting_department	School of Environmental Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/12810/2/Full%20Text.pdf
_version_	1747836760205819904

The direct and catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw

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