Formulation of fish feeds with high level of protein-bound methionine and lysine for African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerling's growth
The high production of catfish will create demands on the fish feeds. The availability of local feedstuff ingredients in abundant can fulfill the needs of protein source in fish feeds. This research reports the new formulation of fish feeds with high level of proteinbound methionine and lysine and t...
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| Format: | Thesis |
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| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77977/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77977/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77977/4/Siti%20Nurhafa.pdf |
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| Summary: | The high production of catfish will create demands on the fish feeds. The availability of local feedstuff ingredients in abundant can fulfill the needs of protein source in fish feeds. This research reports the new formulation of fish feeds with high level of proteinbound methionine and lysine and the effects on the growth rate, survival rate, feed utilization and digestibility of methionine and lysine on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. Fish feeds were formulated by using potential feedstuff ingredients; earthworm powder, fish meal, soybean wastes, Leucaena leucocephala leaves, and rice bran. Each of the feedstuff ingredients was evaluated for their proximate composition including amino acid profile, crude protein, crude lipid, carbohydrate, moisture and ash content. The fish feed was formulated by using Design Expert software. Each of the formulated fish feeds was analyzed for their limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine). The commercial fish feeds act as a control diet. Fish feed with combination of 25.0 g earthworm powder, 20.0 g fish meal, 25.0 g soybean wastes, 10.0 g Leucaena leucocephala leaves and 14.0 g of rice bran, give the highest proteinbound methionine and lysine level (2.06 and 8.11% of amino acids in dietary protein respectively) among all diets and named as LyMet A. Feeding trial was conducted for 12 weeks to determine the utilization of selected formulated fish feeds towards African catfish fingerlings. The fingerlings, with a mean initial weight of 3.10±0.10 g were fed
twice a day at 5.00% of their body weight. The fingerlings fed with LyMet A showed the highest weight gain (1.68×103±13.6%), specific growth rate (3.20±0.01% per day) and methionine and lysine digestibility (92.3±0.11% and 98.4±0.01%, respectively).
The results indicate that LyMet A has an adequate amount of limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine) to fulfill African catfish fingerling diets without supplementation of synthetic amino acids. |
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