Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography

Among all the upper extremity skeletal muscles, the three headed (lateral, long and medial) triceps brachii (TB) is considered as the muscle most responsible for normal and sports activities. In this research, we recorded and evaluated muscle activity among the three heads of TB, using surface elect...

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Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Electromyography Triceps brachii (TB) Muscle TB muscle
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/5/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/3/Md%20Asraf%20Ali.pdf
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spelling	my-unimap-783492023-04-17T04:50:24Z Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography Kenneth, Sundaraj, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Among all the upper extremity skeletal muscles, the three headed (lateral, long and medial) triceps brachii (TB) is considered as the muscle most responsible for normal and sports activities. In this research, we recorded and evaluated muscle activity among the three heads of TB, using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals, during isometric and isotonic contractions. The commercially available Delsys and PowerLab data acquisition systems were used to record the EMG signals. Isometric contractions were produced by a forceful handgrip task with full elbow extension. 2 different protocols were applied – repetitive isometric contraction and prolonged isometric contraction. 13 participants performed 5 trials, 10 s each, to observe behavior between and within contractions, and 18 participants performed a single trial of 90 s to observe fatiguing effects. On the other hand, isotonic contractions were investigated during a cricket bowling action. 2 different bowling categories were studied – fast bowling (FB) and spin bowling (SB). 10 participants performed 3 overs (1 over = 6 ball deliveries) equivalent to 18 trials for both FB and SB. For the statistical analysis, we computed the mean of the normalized root mean square (RMS) values across all subjects from the collected data. We found muscle activity among the three heads of TB, between repetitive isometric contractions, to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Muscle activity decreased in the lateral and long heads, but however increased in the medial head. In the case of within contractions, TB muscle strength decreased with increasing contraction duration, and the lowest decrease of muscle strength was observed in the medial head. Results from the prolonged isometric contraction show a gradual decrease in the computed mean of the normalized RMS values across all subjects after a certain time period, indicating the presence of fatigue. Time to fatigue was observed at the lateral, long and medial heads at 50 s, 40 s and 65 s respectively. Fatiguing rates was observed at the long, medial and lateral heads at a slope of -2.863, -2.412 and -1.877 respectively. On the other hand, during the isotonic contractions, we found that the sEMG activities among the three heads of the TB and among the 7 phases of bowling to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Among the 7 phases, the front-foot contract (FC) phase generated the highest sEMG activity during both FB and SB. We also found that all the heads of the TB were more active in FB than SB. Moreover, the medial head was found to be more active compared to the other heads during all the 7 phases of bowling for both FB and SB. The outcomes of the present research may play a key role in our quest to better understand the physiology and biomechanics of the TB muscle Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/78349 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/4/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/5/Page%201-24.pdf 0f8e639cafd02015eb8cc92a3585bd0d http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/2/Full%20text.pdf 602f9d98de51e1c2463f266ca40bca41 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/3/Md%20Asraf%20Ali.pdf 45d6755a38ae99e74beb3316e685fa4d Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Electromyography Triceps brachii (TB) Muscle TB muscle School of Mechatronic Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Kenneth, Sundaraj, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr.
topic	Electromyography Triceps brachii (TB) Muscle TB muscle
spellingShingle	Electromyography Triceps brachii (TB) Muscle TB muscle Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
description	Among all the upper extremity skeletal muscles, the three headed (lateral, long and medial) triceps brachii (TB) is considered as the muscle most responsible for normal and sports activities. In this research, we recorded and evaluated muscle activity among the three heads of TB, using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals, during isometric and isotonic contractions. The commercially available Delsys and PowerLab data acquisition systems were used to record the EMG signals. Isometric contractions were produced by a forceful handgrip task with full elbow extension. 2 different protocols were applied – repetitive isometric contraction and prolonged isometric contraction. 13 participants performed 5 trials, 10 s each, to observe behavior between and within contractions, and 18 participants performed a single trial of 90 s to observe fatiguing effects. On the other hand, isotonic contractions were investigated during a cricket bowling action. 2 different bowling categories were studied – fast bowling (FB) and spin bowling (SB). 10 participants performed 3 overs (1 over = 6 ball deliveries) equivalent to 18 trials for both FB and SB. For the statistical analysis, we computed the mean of the normalized root mean square (RMS) values across all subjects from the collected data. We found muscle activity among the three heads of TB, between repetitive isometric contractions, to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Muscle activity decreased in the lateral and long heads, but however increased in the medial head. In the case of within contractions, TB muscle strength decreased with increasing contraction duration, and the lowest decrease of muscle strength was observed in the medial head. Results from the prolonged isometric contraction show a gradual decrease in the computed mean of the normalized RMS values across all subjects after a certain time period, indicating the presence of fatigue. Time to fatigue was observed at the lateral, long and medial heads at 50 s, 40 s and 65 s respectively. Fatiguing rates was observed at the long, medial and lateral heads at a slope of -2.863, -2.412 and -1.877 respectively. On the other hand, during the isotonic contractions, we found that the sEMG activities among the three heads of the TB and among the 7 phases of bowling to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Among the 7 phases, the front-foot contract (FC) phase generated the highest sEMG activity during both FB and SB. We also found that all the heads of the TB were more active in FB than SB. Moreover, the medial head was found to be more active compared to the other heads during all the 7 phases of bowling for both FB and SB. The outcomes of the present research may play a key role in our quest to better understand the physiology and biomechanics of the TB muscle
format	Thesis
title	Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
title_short	Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
title_full	Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
title_fullStr	Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
title_full_unstemmed	Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
title_sort	analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
granting_department	School of Mechatronic Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/5/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78349/3/Md%20Asraf%20Ali.pdf
_version_	1776104284453076992

Analysis of muscle activity during contractions in the three heads of the triceps branchii using surface electromyography

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