Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak

The study on floristic composition, total above ground biomass and species dominance of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm and ground flora was conducted at 100 in intervals from 130 in to 1130 m a. s. l. at Gunung Api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak. A total of 419 species belonging to 243 genera...

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Main Author:	Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2004
Subjects:	GE Environmental Sciences SB Plant culture
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/12605/1/Julaihi.pdf
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spelling	my-unimas-ir.126052023-05-30T06:25:50Z Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak 2004 Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian GE Environmental Sciences SB Plant culture The study on floristic composition, total above ground biomass and species dominance of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm and ground flora was conducted at 100 in intervals from 130 in to 1130 m a. s. l. at Gunung Api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak. A total of 419 species belonging to 243 genera and 93 families were recorded. Of these total, 1103 trees with d. b. h. ?5 cm were enumerated in an accumulative area of 1.04 ha, belonging to 195 species from 108 genera and 45 families. The ground flora has higher diversity in which 4953 individuals were enumerated in an accumulative area of 0.28 ha consisting of 340 species from 211 genera and 84 families. The mean density of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm is 940 trees ha' with a total above ground biomass of 264 ton ha-', basal area (BA) of 31.37 m2 ha-' and leaf area index (LAI) of 3.93 ha ha-1. Within all studied plots, Euphorbiaceae has the most number of trees recorded followed by Dipterocarpaceae and Myrtaceae. Hopea andersonii is the most dominant tree species with importance value (IV) of 20.49, relative density (Rd) of 5.17, relative frequency (Rf) of 4.28 and relative basal coverage (RD) of 11.05. This is followed by Brownlowia glabrata (IV = 14.07) and Cleistanthus myrianthus (IV = 13.89). Plots at 130 in are the most diverse with 43 species, 37 genera and 25 families whereas plots at 330 in were recorded with the most number of trees. 79.06% of the trees enumerated are having d. b. h. of below 20 cm. The total above ground biomass of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm decreases as altitude increases. For ground flora, Rubiaceae is the most common diverse family, followed by Euphorbiaceae and Orchidaceae. The most dominant species of ground flora are seedlings of Cleistanthus myrianthus with summed dominance ratio (SRD) of 3.01, followed by Hopea cernua (2.98) and the herb Elastostema variolaminosum (2.63). The total above ground biomass of ground flora is 22.32 ton ha"'. Forty one (41) species (9.79%) of the total flora enumerated are endemic to limestone forest in Sarawak. Eight species enumerated in Gunung Api are very rare species as they are recorded only once in a single location. One hundred and thirteen (113) new records in limestone forest in Sarawak were identified. The characteristics of soils and their influence on biomass and floristic composition at every altitudinal level were also discussed. Results of the study show that limestone forest of Gunung Api is indeed very rich in species and many species are confined to limestone habitats. The result also showed that pH, nitrogen, calcium and magnesium are highly correlated with altitude Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) 2004 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/12605/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/12605/1/Julaihi.pdf text en validuser masters Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	GE Environmental Sciences SB Plant culture
spellingShingle	GE Environmental Sciences SB Plant culture Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
description	The study on floristic composition, total above ground biomass and species dominance of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm and ground flora was conducted at 100 in intervals from 130 in to 1130 m a. s. l. at Gunung Api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak. A total of 419 species belonging to 243 genera and 93 families were recorded. Of these total, 1103 trees with d. b. h. ?5 cm were enumerated in an accumulative area of 1.04 ha, belonging to 195 species from 108 genera and 45 families. The ground flora has higher diversity in which 4953 individuals were enumerated in an accumulative area of 0.28 ha consisting of 340 species from 211 genera and 84 families. The mean density of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm is 940 trees ha' with a total above ground biomass of 264 ton ha-', basal area (BA) of 31.37 m2 ha-' and leaf area index (LAI) of 3.93 ha ha-1. Within all studied plots, Euphorbiaceae has the most number of trees recorded followed by Dipterocarpaceae and Myrtaceae. Hopea andersonii is the most dominant tree species with importance value (IV) of 20.49, relative density (Rd) of 5.17, relative frequency (Rf) of 4.28 and relative basal coverage (RD) of 11.05. This is followed by Brownlowia glabrata (IV = 14.07) and Cleistanthus myrianthus (IV = 13.89). Plots at 130 in are the most diverse with 43 species, 37 genera and 25 families whereas plots at 330 in were recorded with the most number of trees. 79.06% of the trees enumerated are having d. b. h. of below 20 cm. The total above ground biomass of trees with d. b. h. >_5 cm decreases as altitude increases. For ground flora, Rubiaceae is the most common diverse family, followed by Euphorbiaceae and Orchidaceae. The most dominant species of ground flora are seedlings of Cleistanthus myrianthus with summed dominance ratio (SRD) of 3.01, followed by Hopea cernua (2.98) and the herb Elastostema variolaminosum (2.63). The total above ground biomass of ground flora is 22.32 ton ha"'. Forty one (41) species (9.79%) of the total flora enumerated are endemic to limestone forest in Sarawak. Eight species enumerated in Gunung Api are very rare species as they are recorded only once in a single location. One hundred and thirteen (113) new records in limestone forest in Sarawak were identified. The characteristics of soils and their influence on biomass and floristic composition at every altitudinal level were also discussed. Results of the study show that limestone forest of Gunung Api is indeed very rich in species and many species are confined to limestone habitats. The result also showed that pH, nitrogen, calcium and magnesium are highly correlated with altitude
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian
author_facet	Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian
author_sort	Julaihi, bin Abdullah @ Lai, Chau Jian
title	Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
title_short	Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
title_full	Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
title_fullStr	Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
title_full_unstemmed	Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak
title_sort	altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, gunung mulu national park, miri, sarawak
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS)
granting_department	Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
publishDate	2004
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/12605/1/Julaihi.pdf
_version_	1783728112531406848

Altitudinal analyses of limestone vegetation at gunung api, Gunung Mulu National Park, Miri, Sarawak

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