Dietary protein requirement and fishmeal replacement in tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii Bleeker 1853) fingerlings
Tinfoil barb, Barbonymus schwanenfeldii (Bleeker, 1854) is an indigenous cyprinid that has a big potential in the global ornamental fish industry and aquaculture. However, its nutrition and nutrient requirements have not been fully studied and understood while specific commercial feed for this sp...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/104394/1/NURULJANNAH%20BINTI%20MOHD%20PUAAD%20-%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | Tinfoil barb, Barbonymus schwanenfeldii (Bleeker, 1854) is an indigenous
cyprinid that has a big potential in the global ornamental fish industry and
aquaculture. However, its nutrition and nutrient requirements have not been
fully studied and understood while specific commercial feed for this species
is unavailable. Protein is the most expensive nutrient in a diet and plays an
important role in fish growth. In this study, three experiments were
conducted to examine the protein requirements of the barb. An 8-week
feeding trial was conducted in the Experiment 1 to determine the optimal
dietary protein requirement for tinfoil barb (B. schwanenfeldii) fingerlings.
Six isocaloric (17 kJ g-1 gross energy) diets were formulated to contain 25,
30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 % protein. Fingerlings (0.40 ± 0.03 g) were randomly
stocked in 60 L glass aquaria at 25 fish per aquarium. Triplicate groups of
fish were fed twice a day until satiation. The results showed that dietary
protein level had significant effects on weight gain, specific growth rate, feed
conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio in tinfoil barb. Survival was not
affected by the dietary protein level. Weight gain was significantly higher at
50% dietary protein (663.99 ± 24.51 %) compared to those of lower levels.
Fish fed with 50% protein also showed significantly higher (P<0.05) specific
growth rate (3.68 ± 0.30 % d-1) compared to fish fed 25-40 % protein. Feed
efficiency improved with the increase in dietary protein level. FCR was less
than 1.35 among fingerlings fed 45-50 % of dietary protein whereas
fingerlings fed with 20-35 % protein had FCR of 1.7-2.0. In Experiment 2,
six test diets were formulated to contain 40, 45 and 50 % protein with 17
and 18 kJ g-1 gross energy to determine if the optimal dietary protein of
tinfoil barb could be reduced at a higher dietary energy. Similar rearing and
feeding protocols as in Experiment 1 were adopted. The results showed that
a higher dietary energy did not have a significant effect on final weight,
weight gain, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of tinfoil barb. However,
dietary protein had significant effects on fish growth (526.99 ± 30.35 %) and
feed efficiency (1.32 ± 0.15) while its interaction with energy had significant
effect on growth. Fish survival was not affected by the dietary protein and
energy level, and their interaction. Fish fed 50% protein and 17 kJ g-1 gross
energy showed significantly highest (P<0.05) specific growth rate (3.34 ±
0.12 % d-1) compared to fish fed with 40% protein and 17-18 kJ g-1 gross.
Experiment 3 was conducted to evaluate the performance of fermented
soybean meal as fish meal replacement in an effort to reduce feed cost. Five
test diets were formulated to replace fish meal at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %.
The replacement level had a significant effect on final weight (4.43 ± 0.41
g), weight gain (455.34 ± 18.38 %), specific growth rate (2.79 ± 0.19 – 3.10
± 0.29 % d-1), DFI (3.12 ± 0.19 – 3.18 ± 0.21 % BW d-1), FCR (1.25 ± 0.15)
and PER (1.62 ± 0.18) but not CF, HSI and VSI. The results showed that
fermented soybean meal could only replace up to 25% fishmeal in the diet
of tinfoil barb. In conclusion, tinfoil barb had a high minimum dietary protein
requirement of 45% at 17 kJ g-1 gross energy with fishmeal as a major
protein source while fermented soybean meal could only replace up to 25%
fishmeal in its diet. |
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