Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity
Microbial biofertilizer application has been recognized as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers for the past two decades. The core ingredient in this technology i.e., plant-growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria exerts a broad functional tool for the enrichment of soil fertility. This will...
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2022
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| language |
English |
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Abdul Rahman, Nor’Aini |
| topic |
Biofertilizers Phosphorus in agriculture |
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Biofertilizers Phosphorus in agriculture Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| description |
Microbial biofertilizer application has been recognized as a sustainable
alternative to synthetic fertilizers for the past two decades. The core ingredient
in this technology i.e., plant-growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria exerts a broad
functional tool for the enrichment of soil fertility. This will help elevate plantavailable
macronutrient deficiency in soil like phosphate (P) and potassium (K)
which is prevalent in many agricultural fields. Deficiency in soil available P and
K often hinder optimum growth and productivity in plants. Several issues
regarding biofertilizer, such as biocompatibility of formulation and efficient
delivery into soil systems, remain a challenge. The general objectives of the
present study were to screen for the best candidate of P- and K-solubilizing
bacteria, to investigate the effects of seed biopriming on okra seedlings, to
formulate a sustainable medium and carrier in maintaining an optimal shelf life
of bacteria and eventually evaluate the effects of bacterial inoculation in soil on
the growth and yield performance of okra in greenhouse conditions. Out of
eighteen isolates, Enterobacter cloacae 38, Enterobacter hormaechei 15a1 and
40a demonstrated the highest P- and K-solubilizing activities while
demonstrating additional PGP potentials such as nitrogen fixation,
exopolysaccharide, indole-3-acetic acid, and siderophore production. The okra
seed germination assay revealed that all of the Enterobacter spp. significantly
improved seedling vigor index (19.6%) and exhibited root colonization
competence. The bioprimed okra seedlings in the pot experiment showed
significant improvement of the plant growth (> 28%), the leaf surface area (>
29%), and the SPAD chlorophyll index (> 9%) which corresponded to the
increase of P (> 41%) and K uptakes (> 89%) as compared to the uninoculated
control. Strain 40a was selected and further evaluated in a biofertilizer
formulation using molasses and defatted soybean meal (DSM). Through the twolevel
factorial design and central composite design, the optimal formulation and
fermentation conditions to achieve maximum cell density of strain 40a were achieved. The highest cell density of strain 40a in the optimized molasses-DSM
(OMD) medium was 12.56 log CFU/mL after 24 h which was 99.7% accuracy
towards the predicted value. This formulation was then improvised in the next
experiment using the hydrolysate cocktail of DSM and jackfruit peel through the
optimized microwave-alkaline hydrolysis to produce an Enterobacter-enriched
molasses alginate bead. Results show that the P and K solubilization capacity
by the encapsulated strain 40a was remarkably maintained and comparable to
the free cell counterpart. The performance of both free-cell and encapsulated
strain 40a was evaluated on okra plants under greenhouse conditions for 60
days. The treatments given were: Half-dose PK-fertilizer, 3H; half-dose PKfertilizer
and free-cell strain 40a, 3HI; half-dose PK-fertilizer and encapsulated
strain 40a, 3HB; full-dose PK-fertilizer, 3F. The results revealed that 3HB had
the highest soil available P (SAP) and K (SAK), as well as P and K uptake for all
plant organs, followed by 3F, 3HI, and 3H, and improved yield by up to 75.6%.
We discovered increased bacterial richness and diversity in both 3HB and 3HI
samples compared to uninoculated treatments. Both 3HB and 3F treatments
were positively correlated with increasing abundance of Acidobacteriales,
Burkholderia caballeronia paraburkholderia, Gemmataceae, and Sphingomonas
as well as SAP and SAK. The effect of one-time 3HB treatment on okra growth
and yield was comparable to biweekly inoculation in 3HI, suggesting a new costeffective
farming approach in precision agriculture. |
| format |
Thesis |
| qualification_level |
Doctorate |
| author |
Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri |
| author_facet |
Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri |
| author_sort |
Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri |
| title |
Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| title_short |
Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| title_full |
Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| title_fullStr |
Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity |
| title_sort |
development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [abelmoschus esculentus (l.) moench] growth and productivity |
| granting_institution |
Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| url |
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/104583/1/FBSB%202022%207%20IR.pdf |
| _version_ |
1783725818402308096 |
| spelling |
my-upm-ir.1045832023-10-11T06:30:59Z Development of enterobacter-enriched alginate bead biofertilizer for phosphate and potassium acquisition to improve okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] growth and productivity 2022-07 Mohamad Roslan, Muhamad Aidilfitri Microbial biofertilizer application has been recognized as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers for the past two decades. The core ingredient in this technology i.e., plant-growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria exerts a broad functional tool for the enrichment of soil fertility. This will help elevate plantavailable macronutrient deficiency in soil like phosphate (P) and potassium (K) which is prevalent in many agricultural fields. Deficiency in soil available P and K often hinder optimum growth and productivity in plants. Several issues regarding biofertilizer, such as biocompatibility of formulation and efficient delivery into soil systems, remain a challenge. The general objectives of the present study were to screen for the best candidate of P- and K-solubilizing bacteria, to investigate the effects of seed biopriming on okra seedlings, to formulate a sustainable medium and carrier in maintaining an optimal shelf life of bacteria and eventually evaluate the effects of bacterial inoculation in soil on the growth and yield performance of okra in greenhouse conditions. Out of eighteen isolates, Enterobacter cloacae 38, Enterobacter hormaechei 15a1 and 40a demonstrated the highest P- and K-solubilizing activities while demonstrating additional PGP potentials such as nitrogen fixation, exopolysaccharide, indole-3-acetic acid, and siderophore production. The okra seed germination assay revealed that all of the Enterobacter spp. significantly improved seedling vigor index (19.6%) and exhibited root colonization competence. The bioprimed okra seedlings in the pot experiment showed significant improvement of the plant growth (> 28%), the leaf surface area (> 29%), and the SPAD chlorophyll index (> 9%) which corresponded to the increase of P (> 41%) and K uptakes (> 89%) as compared to the uninoculated control. Strain 40a was selected and further evaluated in a biofertilizer formulation using molasses and defatted soybean meal (DSM). Through the twolevel factorial design and central composite design, the optimal formulation and fermentation conditions to achieve maximum cell density of strain 40a were achieved. The highest cell density of strain 40a in the optimized molasses-DSM (OMD) medium was 12.56 log CFU/mL after 24 h which was 99.7% accuracy towards the predicted value. This formulation was then improvised in the next experiment using the hydrolysate cocktail of DSM and jackfruit peel through the optimized microwave-alkaline hydrolysis to produce an Enterobacter-enriched molasses alginate bead. Results show that the P and K solubilization capacity by the encapsulated strain 40a was remarkably maintained and comparable to the free cell counterpart. The performance of both free-cell and encapsulated strain 40a was evaluated on okra plants under greenhouse conditions for 60 days. The treatments given were: Half-dose PK-fertilizer, 3H; half-dose PKfertilizer and free-cell strain 40a, 3HI; half-dose PK-fertilizer and encapsulated strain 40a, 3HB; full-dose PK-fertilizer, 3F. The results revealed that 3HB had the highest soil available P (SAP) and K (SAK), as well as P and K uptake for all plant organs, followed by 3F, 3HI, and 3H, and improved yield by up to 75.6%. We discovered increased bacterial richness and diversity in both 3HB and 3HI samples compared to uninoculated treatments. Both 3HB and 3F treatments were positively correlated with increasing abundance of Acidobacteriales, Burkholderia caballeronia paraburkholderia, Gemmataceae, and Sphingomonas as well as SAP and SAK. The effect of one-time 3HB treatment on okra growth and yield was comparable to biweekly inoculation in 3HI, suggesting a new costeffective farming approach in precision agriculture. Biofertilizers Phosphorus in agriculture 2022-07 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/104583/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/104583/1/FBSB%202022%207%20IR.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Biofertilizers Phosphorus in agriculture Abdul Rahman, Nor’Aini |