Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep

Sago (Metroxylon sagu, Rott.) pith meal (SPM) can be used as an excellent energy feed for ruminant livestock because the pith contains high amount of starch and some indigenous fibre. However, there is a lack of information on the nutritive properties of SPM and effects of feeding SPM on the dige...

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Main Author:	Muhamad, Yahya
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2000
Subjects:	Sago as feed Feeds Sheep - Feeding and feeds
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10530/1/FP_2000_19.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.10530
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spelling	my-upm-ir.105302024-04-04T01:46:16Z Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep 2000-01 Muhamad, Yahya Sago (Metroxylon sagu, Rott.) pith meal (SPM) can be used as an excellent energy feed for ruminant livestock because the pith contains high amount of starch and some indigenous fibre. However, there is a lack of information on the nutritive properties of SPM and effects of feeding SPM on the digestion parameters of ruminant animal. Therefore, the objectives of the present studies were: to determine the physical and chemical caharacteristics of SPM; and to study the effects of feeding SPM based diets on the growth performance of lambs and on digestibility of the diets , especially in relation to nutrient flows and microbial protein synthesis, in sheep. The experimental diets used were SPM plus soya bean meal (Diet A), SPM plus soya bean meal and urea (Diet B) and SPM plus fish meal and urea (Diet C). The crude protein content of SPM was less than 2% while the neutral detergent fibre (NDF), starch and gross energy (GE) contents on dry weight basis were 12.8%, 72.2% and 1 7.5 MJ/kg, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that SPM consisted mainly of starch granules, parenchyma cell walls and vascular bundle fibres which were degraded in situ at different rates by the rumen microbes. The digestibility of organic matter in dry matter (DOMD) was similar for all the diets which averaged 77-78%, but the metabolisable (ME) and net energy for fattening (NEJ values were: 10.4, 10.4, 11.0 MJ ME and 7.7, 7.7, 8.0 MJ NEr (P<0.05) per kg of feed dry weight for the three diets, respectively. The performance responses of 21 lambs fed with the three diets showed that their final weights and average daily gains (ADG) were: Diet A, 28.9 kg and 122 g; Diet B, 21.9 kg and 50 g: Diet C, 24.6 kg and 76 g (P<0.05). The efficiencies of microbial protein synthesis measured in terms of g Nlkg starch digested in the rumen for these respective diets were 81.3, 21.9 and 32.3 g (P<0.10). In conclusion, sago-pith meal contains an energy value equivalent to maize grains but having additional benefits from the indigenous fibres which are necessary for cellulolysis and the roughage effect. To improve the efficiency of energy utilization from sago diets, ruminal pH depression due to rapid breakdown of starch need to be sufficiently controlled such as through proper feed processing, ration formulation and feeding regimen. Sago as feed Feeds Sheep - Feeding and feeds 2000-01 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10530/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10530/1/FP_2000_19.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Sago as feed Feeds Sheep - Feeding and feeds Faculty of Agriculture Mohd. Dahan, Mohd. Mahyuddin English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
advisor	Mohd. Dahan, Mohd. Mahyuddin
topic	Sago as feed Feeds Sheep - Feeding and feeds
spellingShingle	Sago as feed Feeds Sheep - Feeding and feeds Muhamad, Yahya Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
description	Sago (Metroxylon sagu, Rott.) pith meal (SPM) can be used as an excellent energy feed for ruminant livestock because the pith contains high amount of starch and some indigenous fibre. However, there is a lack of information on the nutritive properties of SPM and effects of feeding SPM on the digestion parameters of ruminant animal. Therefore, the objectives of the present studies were: to determine the physical and chemical caharacteristics of SPM; and to study the effects of feeding SPM based diets on the growth performance of lambs and on digestibility of the diets , especially in relation to nutrient flows and microbial protein synthesis, in sheep. The experimental diets used were SPM plus soya bean meal (Diet A), SPM plus soya bean meal and urea (Diet B) and SPM plus fish meal and urea (Diet C). The crude protein content of SPM was less than 2% while the neutral detergent fibre (NDF), starch and gross energy (GE) contents on dry weight basis were 12.8%, 72.2% and 1 7.5 MJ/kg, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that SPM consisted mainly of starch granules, parenchyma cell walls and vascular bundle fibres which were degraded in situ at different rates by the rumen microbes. The digestibility of organic matter in dry matter (DOMD) was similar for all the diets which averaged 77-78%, but the metabolisable (ME) and net energy for fattening (NEJ values were: 10.4, 10.4, 11.0 MJ ME and 7.7, 7.7, 8.0 MJ NEr (P<0.05) per kg of feed dry weight for the three diets, respectively. The performance responses of 21 lambs fed with the three diets showed that their final weights and average daily gains (ADG) were: Diet A, 28.9 kg and 122 g; Diet B, 21.9 kg and 50 g: Diet C, 24.6 kg and 76 g (P<0.05). The efficiencies of microbial protein synthesis measured in terms of g Nlkg starch digested in the rumen for these respective diets were 81.3, 21.9 and 32.3 g (P<0.10). In conclusion, sago-pith meal contains an energy value equivalent to maize grains but having additional benefits from the indigenous fibres which are necessary for cellulolysis and the roughage effect. To improve the efficiency of energy utilization from sago diets, ruminal pH depression due to rapid breakdown of starch need to be sufficiently controlled such as through proper feed processing, ration formulation and feeding regimen.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Muhamad, Yahya
author_facet	Muhamad, Yahya
author_sort	Muhamad, Yahya
title	Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
title_short	Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
title_full	Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
title_fullStr	Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
title_full_unstemmed	Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep
title_sort	digestion of sago based diets in sheep
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Agriculture
publishDate	2000
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10530/1/FP_2000_19.pdf
_version_	1804888561505271808

Digestion of Sago Based Diets in Sheep

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