Biofunctional characteristics of dietary fiber extracted from Malaysian Ziziphus mauritiana L. leaves and its association in vitro antidiabetics properties
Ziziphus mauritiana L. derived from Rhamnaceae family plant (known as Bidara tree in Malaysia) has been consumed by Malaysian through processing the fruit into pickles or eating it fresh, while the leaves are frequently used in traditional medicine, particularly in Islamic medicine. Although the...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113816/1/113816.pdf |
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| Summary: | Ziziphus mauritiana L. derived from Rhamnaceae family plant (known as Bidara
tree in Malaysia) has been consumed by Malaysian through processing the fruit
into pickles or eating it fresh, while the leaves are frequently used in traditional
medicine, particularly in Islamic medicine. Although the Z. mauritiana L. plant rich
in macronutrients, micronutrients, and phytochemicals that offer health benefits,
yet, it is still considered underutilized in Malaysia due to a lack of scientific
information about the health promoting effect of its fiber. In other countries, Z.
mauritiana L. also used widely as traditional medicine and recently researchers
start to study scientifically the health benefits of this plant especially in Asian
country. The purpose of the study was therefore to explore the physicochemical
properties relevant to the nutritional quality of one of the sources of dietary fiber
(mucilage) necessary for the maintenance of population health in the community,
especially in treating diabetes mellitus. Additionally, the potent phenolic content
and α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity were also
investigated. The extraction yield of mucilage was investigated from Z. mauritiana
L. fruit pulp and leaves where the preliminary screening has shown that the
higher mucilage yield was obtained from the leaves with 1.24%, while the
mucilage from the pulp yielded 0.34%. The mucilage of Z. mauritiana L. leaves
with good hydration properties of swelling capacity (6.87 ± 0.23 mL/g), water
holding capacity (3.960 ± 0.200 g/g), oil holding capacity (0.507 ± 0.083 g/g), and
its emulsifying properties including emulsifying activity (56.0 ± 4.00%) and
emulsifying stability (70.87 ± 2.31%) indicate that it may have the capability in
regulating postprandial hyperglycemia. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR) demonstrated the band of functional group characteristics of dietary fiber
while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the structural
characteristic of the extracted Z. mauritiana L. mucilage. Glucose dialysis
retardation index (GDRI) analysis on Z. mauritiana L. leaves dietary fiber showed
decreasing effect overtime at minutes 60 (from 70.94 to 62.57%). The
phytochemical analysis has shown that the total phenolic content of the fiber
extract was 6.13 mg GAE/g dry sample extract while the total flavonoid content
was 83.00 mg QE/g dry sample extract. In vitro studies exhibit excellent α-
amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity with an IC50 of 138.3 μg/mL and
11.04 μg/mL, respectively as compared to one of synthetic drugs used for
treating diabetes, acarbose. These features make the crude Z. mauritiana L.
mucilaginous extract a remarkable candidate for functional food and nutraceutical
dietary fiber especially in associated with antidiabetes |
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