Evaluation and characterization of spider venom for controlling blow fly, Chrysomya megacephala fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Blow fly (Chrysomya megacephala) is a well-known cosmopolitan pest in most poultry farms. In Malaysia, an unpublished data of spider species Leucauge sp. and Pardosa sp. have shown insecticidal activity against the larvae of Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua. However, their potential use in...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114008/1/114008.pdf |
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| Summary: | Blow fly (Chrysomya megacephala) is a well-known cosmopolitan pest in most
poultry farms. In Malaysia, an unpublished data of spider species Leucauge sp. and
Pardosa sp. have shown insecticidal activity against the larvae of Spodoptera
litura and Spodoptera exigua. However, their potential use in controlling C.
megacephala is unknown. Hence, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the
insecticidal activity of spider venom(s) against C. megacephala as well as to
characterize and evaluate the spider toxin(s) with potential insecticidal activity.
The spider venoms were extracted from the field collected spiders, precipitated and
fractionated by HPLC. The crude venom of Pardosa sp. did not induce mortality in
maggots but the crude venom of Leucauge sp. had caused 100% mortality towards
the maggots. The lethal dosage (LD50) value of both crude venom and partial
purified venom of Leucauge sp. was 38.92 and 33.19 μg/g, respectively. The SDSPAGE
results had revealed that protein bands of supernatant of partial purified
venom contained low molecular weight proteins (less than 11 kDa). Three HPLC
purified fractions namely F7, F8 and F9 showed positive response to maggots with
LD50 values of 1.61 μg/g, 2.33μg/g and 2.12 μg/g, respectively. The Q-TOF mass
spectrometry analysis had confirmed these fractions fall into the class of disulfiderich
neurotoxins and linear cytolytic peptides (1-10 kDa), within the toxicity range
of the reported Ctenitoxin from Phoneutria nigriventer on Musca domestica. The
potency test had confirmed negative response of Leucauge sp. venom towards
Artemia salina which is a common organism used for toxicity test. |
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