Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites

Biodegradable composites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and dried tapioca starch were prepared by using melt blending technique with a Haake mixer at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50 blend ratios. The study on the effect of adding of 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt.% triacetin on the properties of 70/30...

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Main Author:	Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2010
Subjects:	Composite materials - Biodegradation Lactic acid Tapioca
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/19596/1/FS_2010_48.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.195962013-03-29T01:26:14Z Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites 2010-08 Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza Biodegradable composites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and dried tapioca starch were prepared by using melt blending technique with a Haake mixer at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50 blend ratios. The study on the effect of adding of 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt.% triacetin on the properties of 70/30 PLA/starch was also investigated in order to study the plasticization effect of the triacetin. The mechanical and thermal properties of composites were investigated by using Instron Universal Testing Machine, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA). The morphology of the composites were analysed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength of PLA/starch composites decreased with the increased of the starch loading. The tensile modulus and the elongation at break results reveal that the composites are stiff and brittle. However, addition of triacetin to the 70/30 PLA/starch composites improve the flexibility of the composites, indicating by the increase in tensile strength and elongation at break at 5 and 8 wt.% respectively. The FTIR spectra of composites showed that there is shifting to lower wavenumber (1750 to 1748 cm-1) for C=O indicating that some interaction occurs between PLA/starch composites with addition of triacetin. The starting decomposition temperature was shifted to lower values as starch and plasticizer were increased in the composites. The glass transition temperature (Tg), cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) and melting point (Tm) of the PLA/starch composites were shifted to lower temperature with the increasing amount of plasticizer. The micrographs show the PLA phase becoming discontinuous as the starch loading increases. The addition of triacetin improves interfacial adhesion between PLA and starch and the composites become more homogenous. The dependence of water uptake on the absorption characteristics of PLA/starch composites was evaluated by immersion in distilled water with respect to starch and triacetin loading. Water absorption increased with increasing of starch loading due to the hyrdophilicity nature of starch. The composites with addition of triacetin give significant change on the water absorption with the increase in the amount of plasticizer. The biodegradability of composites was evaluated by the soil-burial test in 3 months. The rate of degradation increased with the increased amount of starch. Composite materials - Biodegradation Lactic acid Tapioca 2010-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/19596/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/19596/1/FS_2010_48.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Composite materials - Biodegradation Lactic acid Tapioca Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Composite materials - Biodegradation Lactic acid Tapioca
spellingShingle	Composite materials - Biodegradation Lactic acid Tapioca Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
description	Biodegradable composites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and dried tapioca starch were prepared by using melt blending technique with a Haake mixer at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50 blend ratios. The study on the effect of adding of 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10 wt.% triacetin on the properties of 70/30 PLA/starch was also investigated in order to study the plasticization effect of the triacetin. The mechanical and thermal properties of composites were investigated by using Instron Universal Testing Machine, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA). The morphology of the composites were analysed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength of PLA/starch composites decreased with the increased of the starch loading. The tensile modulus and the elongation at break results reveal that the composites are stiff and brittle. However, addition of triacetin to the 70/30 PLA/starch composites improve the flexibility of the composites, indicating by the increase in tensile strength and elongation at break at 5 and 8 wt.% respectively. The FTIR spectra of composites showed that there is shifting to lower wavenumber (1750 to 1748 cm-1) for C=O indicating that some interaction occurs between PLA/starch composites with addition of triacetin. The starting decomposition temperature was shifted to lower values as starch and plasticizer were increased in the composites. The glass transition temperature (Tg), cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) and melting point (Tm) of the PLA/starch composites were shifted to lower temperature with the increasing amount of plasticizer. The micrographs show the PLA phase becoming discontinuous as the starch loading increases. The addition of triacetin improves interfacial adhesion between PLA and starch and the composites become more homogenous. The dependence of water uptake on the absorption characteristics of PLA/starch composites was evaluated by immersion in distilled water with respect to starch and triacetin loading. Water absorption increased with increasing of starch loading due to the hyrdophilicity nature of starch. The composites with addition of triacetin give significant change on the water absorption with the increase in the amount of plasticizer. The biodegradability of composites was evaluated by the soil-burial test in 3 months. The rate of degradation increased with the increased amount of starch.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza
author_facet	Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza
author_sort	Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza
title	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
title_short	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
title_full	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
title_fullStr	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites
title_sort	preparation and characterization of biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/tapioca starch composites
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2010
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/19596/1/FS_2010_48.pdf
_version_	1747811420412575744

Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid)/Tapioca Starch Composites

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