Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations

This thesis presents a study on flowability of selected Malaysia herbal powders and their formulation. Orthosiphon stamineus, Eurycoma longifolia jack, Labisia pumila and Andographis paniculata powders and a freeze dried extracts of Labisia pumila which all have a wide industrial and human applicati...

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Main Author:	Etti, Christopher Joseph
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	Herbals - Androsace - Lamiaceae - Simaroubaceae - Acanthaceae Plant - Analysis - Malaysia
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57562/1/FK%202015%2072RR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.57562
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spelling	my-upm-ir.575622017-10-17T08:12:42Z Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations 2015-09 Etti, Christopher Joseph This thesis presents a study on flowability of selected Malaysia herbal powders and their formulation. Orthosiphon stamineus, Eurycoma longifolia jack, Labisia pumila and Andographis paniculata powders and a freeze dried extracts of Labisia pumila which all have a wide industrial and human applications were used. This study evaluates flowability of the selected herbal powders based on conventional methods of flow measurements (like bulk and tapped densities, Carr index, Hausner ratio and angle of repose), with technological advanced, innovative methods of characterization of powder flow such as cohesion determination, shear cell for effective angle of internal friction and wall friction angle and the use of very recently automated powder flow analyzer (powder rheometer). Powders material properties like particle size, moisture content, tap, bulk and true densities were determined and their influence on flowability properties were evaluated. The effects of anti-caking agents (flow aids) on the powders using the powder flow analyzer were also described. The herbal powders were also formulated with sugar and creamer into herbal powder beverages mix and their flowability was also investigated. Labisia pumila powder was compressed into tablets using a stainless steel cylindrical uniaxial die of a 13-mm- diameter with compaction pressures ranging from 7 to 25 MPa. Two feed weights, 0.5 and 1.0g were used to form tablets and four compression models were used to describe and understand compressibility characteristics of the herbal powders. The strength of the tablets increased with increase in compaction pressure. Powders with smaller particle sizes gave more problems to flowability. Labisia pumila extracts with highest particle size range was freest with the least cohesion index,least angle of wall friction, least effective angle of internal friction as well as least angle of repose. The mean caking strength of powders reduced by the addition of 1% Silicon dioxide and potato starch respectively. The flowability properties of all the formulated mix was greatly improved based on enhancement of material properties. Toxicological studies of the formulated beverage mix on healthy female wistar rats showed the mix to be safe after the acute oral toxicity and sub-chronic studies was carried out for 28 days. In conclusion, this study enhances the understanding of powder flowability which can improve the development and formulation of herbal powder beverage mix. Herbals - Androsace - Lamiaceae - Simaroubaceae - Acanthaceae Plant - Analysis - Malaysia 2015-09 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57562/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57562/1/FK%202015%2072RR.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Herbals - Androsace - Lamiaceae - Simaroubaceae - Acanthaceae Plant - Analysis - Malaysia
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Herbals - Androsace - Lamiaceae - Simaroubaceae - Acanthaceae Plant - Analysis - Malaysia
spellingShingle	Herbals - Androsace - Lamiaceae - Simaroubaceae - Acanthaceae Plant - Analysis - Malaysia Etti, Christopher Joseph Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
description	This thesis presents a study on flowability of selected Malaysia herbal powders and their formulation. Orthosiphon stamineus, Eurycoma longifolia jack, Labisia pumila and Andographis paniculata powders and a freeze dried extracts of Labisia pumila which all have a wide industrial and human applications were used. This study evaluates flowability of the selected herbal powders based on conventional methods of flow measurements (like bulk and tapped densities, Carr index, Hausner ratio and angle of repose), with technological advanced, innovative methods of characterization of powder flow such as cohesion determination, shear cell for effective angle of internal friction and wall friction angle and the use of very recently automated powder flow analyzer (powder rheometer). Powders material properties like particle size, moisture content, tap, bulk and true densities were determined and their influence on flowability properties were evaluated. The effects of anti-caking agents (flow aids) on the powders using the powder flow analyzer were also described. The herbal powders were also formulated with sugar and creamer into herbal powder beverages mix and their flowability was also investigated. Labisia pumila powder was compressed into tablets using a stainless steel cylindrical uniaxial die of a 13-mm- diameter with compaction pressures ranging from 7 to 25 MPa. Two feed weights, 0.5 and 1.0g were used to form tablets and four compression models were used to describe and understand compressibility characteristics of the herbal powders. The strength of the tablets increased with increase in compaction pressure. Powders with smaller particle sizes gave more problems to flowability. Labisia pumila extracts with highest particle size range was freest with the least cohesion index,least angle of wall friction, least effective angle of internal friction as well as least angle of repose. The mean caking strength of powders reduced by the addition of 1% Silicon dioxide and potato starch respectively. The flowability properties of all the formulated mix was greatly improved based on enhancement of material properties. Toxicological studies of the formulated beverage mix on healthy female wistar rats showed the mix to be safe after the acute oral toxicity and sub-chronic studies was carried out for 28 days. In conclusion, this study enhances the understanding of powder flowability which can improve the development and formulation of herbal powder beverage mix.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Etti, Christopher Joseph
author_facet	Etti, Christopher Joseph
author_sort	Etti, Christopher Joseph
title	Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
title_short	Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
title_full	Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
title_fullStr	Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
title_full_unstemmed	Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
title_sort	flowability of selected malaysian herbal powders and their formulations
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2015
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57562/1/FK%202015%2072RR.pdf
_version_	1747812179773489152

Flowability of selected Malaysian herbal powders and their formulations

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