Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea

Petroleum pollution is one of the pollution that needs serious attention from world. Petroleum is worldwide used and introduced to aquatic environment through accidental oil spill, discharge from routine tanker operations. In other case, land based pollutants are contributed by rainfall and runoff w...

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Main Author:	Manan, Norazida
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Air quality - Standards - South China Sea
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66769/1/FPAS%202012%2027%20IR.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.66769
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.667692019-01-31T08:25:26Z Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea 2012-04 Manan, Norazida Petroleum pollution is one of the pollution that needs serious attention from world. Petroleum is worldwide used and introduced to aquatic environment through accidental oil spill, discharge from routine tanker operations. In other case, land based pollutants are contributed by rainfall and runoff waters. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the major compounds in petroleum known as the most widespread organic pollutants. PAHs diagnostic rations applied in this study to identify the anthropogenic sources of PAH; petrogenic and pyrogenic. Thirty surface sediment samples were collected from South China Sea adjacent to the coast of Peninsular Malaysia using Ekcman Dredge sampler. The samples were extracted and fractionated prior to the analysis using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify the concentration of PAHs. The total PAHs concentration of the marine sediment ranged from 0.0315x103 and 1.48x103 ng/g, dry weight. The concentration level of PAHs in the South China Sea is indicated as moderate to high contamination based on the global PAHs sedimentation records. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in associated with Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) has been performed to apportion PAHs sources in sediment samples. Seven factors and their percentages of contributions were identified based on PCA loadings of PAHs and were attributed to the following sources; (1) oil exploitation , 8.1%; (2) traffic emission, 43.8%; (3) road dust, 8.9%; (4) the spill of oil products, 3.6%; (5) unburned fossil fuels, 2.1%; (6) coal combustion, 10.2%; (7) oil combustion, 23.3%. The major source of anthropogenic PAHs pollution in the South China Sea is pyrogenic PAHs. This study should be conducted from time to time to monitor the concentration of PAHs in sediments. Air quality - Standards - South China Sea 2012-04 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66769/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66769/1/FPAS%202012%2027%20IR.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Air quality - Standards - South China Sea
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Air quality - Standards - South China Sea
spellingShingle	Air quality - Standards - South China Sea Manan, Norazida Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
description	Petroleum pollution is one of the pollution that needs serious attention from world. Petroleum is worldwide used and introduced to aquatic environment through accidental oil spill, discharge from routine tanker operations. In other case, land based pollutants are contributed by rainfall and runoff waters. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the major compounds in petroleum known as the most widespread organic pollutants. PAHs diagnostic rations applied in this study to identify the anthropogenic sources of PAH; petrogenic and pyrogenic. Thirty surface sediment samples were collected from South China Sea adjacent to the coast of Peninsular Malaysia using Ekcman Dredge sampler. The samples were extracted and fractionated prior to the analysis using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify the concentration of PAHs. The total PAHs concentration of the marine sediment ranged from 0.0315x103 and 1.48x103 ng/g, dry weight. The concentration level of PAHs in the South China Sea is indicated as moderate to high contamination based on the global PAHs sedimentation records. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in associated with Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) has been performed to apportion PAHs sources in sediment samples. Seven factors and their percentages of contributions were identified based on PCA loadings of PAHs and were attributed to the following sources; (1) oil exploitation , 8.1%; (2) traffic emission, 43.8%; (3) road dust, 8.9%; (4) the spill of oil products, 3.6%; (5) unburned fossil fuels, 2.1%; (6) coal combustion, 10.2%; (7) oil combustion, 23.3%. The major source of anthropogenic PAHs pollution in the South China Sea is pyrogenic PAHs. This study should be conducted from time to time to monitor the concentration of PAHs in sediments.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Manan, Norazida
author_facet	Manan, Norazida
author_sort	Manan, Norazida
title	Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
title_short	Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
title_full	Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
title_fullStr	Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea
title_sort	distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in surface sediment samples collected in south china sea
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/66769/1/FPAS%202012%2027%20IR.pdf
_version_	1747812404324990976

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediment samples collected in South China Sea

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