Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product

Oil palm tree is a commercial crop in Malaysia producing millions of tonnes of unused oil palm trunk (OPT) waste during replanting process which is done in large scale every 25 to 30 years. The inner region of OPT was unutilized due to high moisture content which make it easy to rot. In this stud...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Muda, Noor Azura
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	Pyrolysis Oil palm - Analysis Palm products
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77758/1/FK%202019%2057%20ir.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-upm-ir.77758
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.777582022-01-24T02:27:50Z Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product 2018-03 Muda, Noor Azura Oil palm tree is a commercial crop in Malaysia producing millions of tonnes of unused oil palm trunk (OPT) waste during replanting process which is done in large scale every 25 to 30 years. The inner region of OPT was unutilized due to high moisture content which make it easy to rot. In this study, water at sub-critical state was utilized to produce bio-oil and solid product from the inner region of OPT. The objectives for this study are to evaluate the effect of reaction temperature and time on the yield of bio-oil and solid product produced, to determine the optimum condition (reaction temperature and time) for the production of bio-oil and solid product, and to characterize the bio-oil and solid product obtained. In order to determine the best OPT for the production of bio-oil and solid product from the inner region of OPT, 21 and 35 year old OPTs were used. Each OPT were divided into two parts, namely top and bottom parts. OPTs were then cut into small size and loaded into a reactor. The reactor was then immersed in a molten salt bath for sub-critical water (Sub-CW) reaction. The reaction was carried out in a temperature range between 100°C-370°C with 10°C intervals and reaction time was varied between 0.1 to 20 minutes. It was found that, the best OPT for production of bio-oil and solid product is from the 21 years old OPT. In the 21 years old OPT, the optimum condition for the highest production yield of bio-oil was 27.5% kg/kg-dry OPT (OPT21T, 340ºC, 5 min) and 30.1% kg/kg-dry OPT (OPT21B, 330ºC, 5 min). The highest Higher Heating Value (HHV) of bio-oil was 33,200kJ/kg (OPT21T, 350ºC, 5 min) and 26,400kJ/kg (OPT21B, 340ºC, 5 min). The best HHV of solid product was 31,000kJ/kg (OPT21T, 370ºC, 5 min) and 32,400kJ/kg (OPT21B, 340ºC, 5 min). The particle size of solid product at optimum condition was 20m and 17m for OPT21B and OPT21T, respectively. The main chemical compound found in bio-oilwere phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, and 2,6- dimethoxy- phenol. These results show that Sub-CW reaction is technically feasible in producing bio-oil and solid product from OPT. Pyrolysis Oil palm - Analysis Palm products 2018-03 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77758/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77758/1/FK%202019%2057%20ir.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Pyrolysis Oil palm - Analysis Palm products Siajam, Shamsul Izhar
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Siajam, Shamsul Izhar
topic	Pyrolysis Oil palm - Analysis Palm products
spellingShingle	Pyrolysis Oil palm - Analysis Palm products Muda, Noor Azura Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
description	Oil palm tree is a commercial crop in Malaysia producing millions of tonnes of unused oil palm trunk (OPT) waste during replanting process which is done in large scale every 25 to 30 years. The inner region of OPT was unutilized due to high moisture content which make it easy to rot. In this study, water at sub-critical state was utilized to produce bio-oil and solid product from the inner region of OPT. The objectives for this study are to evaluate the effect of reaction temperature and time on the yield of bio-oil and solid product produced, to determine the optimum condition (reaction temperature and time) for the production of bio-oil and solid product, and to characterize the bio-oil and solid product obtained. In order to determine the best OPT for the production of bio-oil and solid product from the inner region of OPT, 21 and 35 year old OPTs were used. Each OPT were divided into two parts, namely top and bottom parts. OPTs were then cut into small size and loaded into a reactor. The reactor was then immersed in a molten salt bath for sub-critical water (Sub-CW) reaction. The reaction was carried out in a temperature range between 100°C-370°C with 10°C intervals and reaction time was varied between 0.1 to 20 minutes. It was found that, the best OPT for production of bio-oil and solid product is from the 21 years old OPT. In the 21 years old OPT, the optimum condition for the highest production yield of bio-oil was 27.5% kg/kg-dry OPT (OPT21T, 340ºC, 5 min) and 30.1% kg/kg-dry OPT (OPT21B, 330ºC, 5 min). The highest Higher Heating Value (HHV) of bio-oil was 33,200kJ/kg (OPT21T, 350ºC, 5 min) and 26,400kJ/kg (OPT21B, 340ºC, 5 min). The best HHV of solid product was 31,000kJ/kg (OPT21T, 370ºC, 5 min) and 32,400kJ/kg (OPT21B, 340ºC, 5 min). The particle size of solid product at optimum condition was 20m and 17m for OPT21B and OPT21T, respectively. The main chemical compound found in bio-oilwere phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, and 2,6- dimethoxy- phenol. These results show that Sub-CW reaction is technically feasible in producing bio-oil and solid product from OPT.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Muda, Noor Azura
author_facet	Muda, Noor Azura
author_sort	Muda, Noor Azura
title	Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
title_short	Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
title_full	Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
title_fullStr	Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
title_full_unstemmed	Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
title_sort	sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2018
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77758/1/FK%202019%2057%20ir.pdf
_version_	1747813256621195264

Sub-critical water pyrolysis of oil palm trunk for production of bio-oil and solid product

Similar Items