Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth

Substantial loss through ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea reduces urea-N use efficiency in plant production, pollutes environment and burdens economy. This problem could be minimized through the use of agricultural wastes such as palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge. POME sludge c...

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Main Author:	Shamsuddin, Rosliza
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2011
Subjects:	Oil palm Corn - Yields Corn - Growth
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77997/1/FSPM%202011%202%20ir.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.77997
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spelling	my-upm-ir.779972022-01-21T02:58:17Z Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth 2011-10 Shamsuddin, Rosliza Substantial loss through ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea reduces urea-N use efficiency in plant production, pollutes environment and burdens economy. This problem could be minimized through the use of agricultural wastes such as palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge. POME sludge could reduce this volatilization in view of its acidic nature and high cation exchange capacity (CEC) present in it the form of humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA). The objectives of this study were to: (I) Evaluate if N, P and K humates produced from POME sludge could minimize ammonia volatilization from urea as well as improving retention of soil exchangeable ammonium and nitrates in laboratory condition and (ii) Evaluate the effect of N, P, and K humates on soil pH, exchangeable ammonium, available nitrate; N, P, and K concentrations, their uptake and use efficiency in corn (Zea mays) cultivation under greenhouse condition. HA and FA were isolated from air-dried POME sludge using 0.5 M KOH and 6 N H2SO4. Daily ammonia loss was measured for 15 days using a closed-dynamic air flow system. Ammonia released was estimated using boric acid indicator traps which were replaced every 24 h and titrated with 0.01 N HCl. Soil samples were evaluated for pH, exchangeable ammonium and available nitrate. Under greenhouse condition, formulated fertilizers were applied 10 days after planting (DAP) in each pot containing 10 kg of soil. Soil and plant samples (stems, leaves and roots) were sampled at 31 DAP. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, ammonium and nitrate content. Plant samples were analyzed for dry matter production, N, P, and K concentrations, N, P, and K uptake, and their use efficiency. From the laboratory study, Urea-TSP-MOP-HA, Urea-TSP-MOP, urea-FA, Urea-TSP-MOP-FA, Ureaacidified (HA+FA) and Urea-TSP-MOP-acidified (HA+FA) mixtures significantly reduced ammonia by 13, 20, 23, 30%, and 100% (of the N added as urea), respectively. These treatments also caused significant retention of soil exchangeable ammonium. When the treatments were further tested in a greenhouse, Urea-TSPMOP, urea-FA, Urea-TSP-MOP-Humin, Urea-TSP-MOP-acidified(HA+FA), Urea- TSP-MOP-FA and Urea-TSP-MOP-HA mixtures had significant effect on dry matter production, N, P, and K uptake and use efficiency of the test crop (Zea mays) compared to urea alone. Urea amended with HA, FA, TSP and MOP minimized ammonia volatilization, as well as improving soil exchangeable ammonium, and urea-N use efficiency. It must be stressed that results obtained in the laboratory and greenhouse experiments may only be applicable to similar acid soils. Oil palm Corn - Yields Corn - Growth 2011-10 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77997/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77997/1/FSPM%202011%202%20ir.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Oil palm Corn - Yields Corn - Growth Osumanu Haruna, Ahmed
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Osumanu Haruna, Ahmed
topic	Oil palm Corn - Yields Corn - Growth
spellingShingle	Oil palm Corn - Yields Corn - Growth Shamsuddin, Rosliza Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
description	Substantial loss through ammonia volatilization from surface-applied urea reduces urea-N use efficiency in plant production, pollutes environment and burdens economy. This problem could be minimized through the use of agricultural wastes such as palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge. POME sludge could reduce this volatilization in view of its acidic nature and high cation exchange capacity (CEC) present in it the form of humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA). The objectives of this study were to: (I) Evaluate if N, P and K humates produced from POME sludge could minimize ammonia volatilization from urea as well as improving retention of soil exchangeable ammonium and nitrates in laboratory condition and (ii) Evaluate the effect of N, P, and K humates on soil pH, exchangeable ammonium, available nitrate; N, P, and K concentrations, their uptake and use efficiency in corn (Zea mays) cultivation under greenhouse condition. HA and FA were isolated from air-dried POME sludge using 0.5 M KOH and 6 N H2SO4. Daily ammonia loss was measured for 15 days using a closed-dynamic air flow system. Ammonia released was estimated using boric acid indicator traps which were replaced every 24 h and titrated with 0.01 N HCl. Soil samples were evaluated for pH, exchangeable ammonium and available nitrate. Under greenhouse condition, formulated fertilizers were applied 10 days after planting (DAP) in each pot containing 10 kg of soil. Soil and plant samples (stems, leaves and roots) were sampled at 31 DAP. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, ammonium and nitrate content. Plant samples were analyzed for dry matter production, N, P, and K concentrations, N, P, and K uptake, and their use efficiency. From the laboratory study, Urea-TSP-MOP-HA, Urea-TSP-MOP, urea-FA, Urea-TSP-MOP-FA, Ureaacidified (HA+FA) and Urea-TSP-MOP-acidified (HA+FA) mixtures significantly reduced ammonia by 13, 20, 23, 30%, and 100% (of the N added as urea), respectively. These treatments also caused significant retention of soil exchangeable ammonium. When the treatments were further tested in a greenhouse, Urea-TSPMOP, urea-FA, Urea-TSP-MOP-Humin, Urea-TSP-MOP-acidified(HA+FA), Urea- TSP-MOP-FA and Urea-TSP-MOP-HA mixtures had significant effect on dry matter production, N, P, and K uptake and use efficiency of the test crop (Zea mays) compared to urea alone. Urea amended with HA, FA, TSP and MOP minimized ammonia volatilization, as well as improving soil exchangeable ammonium, and urea-N use efficiency. It must be stressed that results obtained in the laboratory and greenhouse experiments may only be applicable to similar acid soils.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Shamsuddin, Rosliza
author_facet	Shamsuddin, Rosliza
author_sort	Shamsuddin, Rosliza
title	Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
title_short	Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
title_full	Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
title_fullStr	Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
title_full_unstemmed	Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
title_sort	production of n, p, and k humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2011
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77997/1/FSPM%202011%202%20ir.pdf
_version_	1747813274867466240

Production of N, P, and K humates from palm oil mill effluent sludge and their effects on corn growth

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