Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials

Rice shortages have become a serious problem due to high demand as a result of increasing world population. To meet the global rice demand by 2030, its production needs to be increased by more than 50% worldwide. In Malaysia, the average rice production of 4.2 t/ha is considered...

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Main Author:	Almu, Hamisu
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	Rice - Yields
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84081/1/IPTSM%202019%205%20-%20ir.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.84081
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spelling	my-upm-ir.840812022-01-04T04:11:49Z Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials 2019-04 Almu, Hamisu Rice shortages have become a serious problem due to high demand as a result of increasing world population. To meet the global rice demand by 2030, its production needs to be increased by more than 50% worldwide. In Malaysia, the average rice production of 4.2 t/ha is considered as low largely due to insufficient nutrients and blast disease. The main objective of this study was to identify high yielding, blast resistant and highly stable rice genotypes with high nitrogen efficiency for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Sixteen blast-resistant rice genotypes were evaluated in three rice granary areas (Tanjung Karang, Selangor; Kota Sarang Semut, Kedah and Seberang Perai, Penang) with five different nitrogen fertilizer levels over two planting seasons (Main and off seasons). Five nitrogen fertilizer levels:- 60, 80, 100, 120 (standard recommendation) and 140 kg N/ha were applied in each location and planting season. The experimental design was a split plot design with three replications, where the nitrogen fertilizer levels was assigned as main plot and rice genotypes as sub-plot. Nitrogen levels had highly significant effects on all the yields and vegetative traits except, panicle length, grain length and grain width. There was also presence of interaction between genotype and nitrogen levels in all the environments on all traits except, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill and filled grain per panicle. In addition, the genotype by nitrogen interaction was highly significant for all traits except unfilled grain per panicle, panicle length, grain length, grain width and yield per hectare. The nitrogen yield efficiency differed significantly with various levels of nitrogen applied. The optimum nitrogen levels for MADA, Seberang Perai and Tanjung Karang were 112, 125 and 105 kg N/ha with yield production of 9.53, 8.99 and 9.48 t/ha, respectively. The results revealed that the ideal environment were ENV6 (Seberang Perai 2), ENV 2 (Tanjung Karang 1) and ENV4 (MADA 2). From the result obtained on stability analyses, two genotypes (Genotype 9 and 16) were found to be highly stable across the environments and produced high yield with 9.39 and 9.13 t/ha, respectively. However, the agronomic nitrogen yield efficiency across environments for the two genotypes were 6.23% and 2.79%, respectively, at 140 kg N/ha. The two superior genotypes (Genotype 9 and 16) with high yield and stability across environments are recommended for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Rice - Yields Plants, Cultivated 2019-04 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84081/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84081/1/IPTSM%202019%205%20-%20ir.pdf text en public doctoral Universiti Putra Malaysia Rice - Yields Plants, Cultivated Sulaiman, Zulkefly
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Sulaiman, Zulkefly
topic	Rice - Yields Rice - Yields
spellingShingle	Rice - Yields Rice - Yields Almu, Hamisu Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
description	Rice shortages have become a serious problem due to high demand as a result of increasing world population. To meet the global rice demand by 2030, its production needs to be increased by more than 50% worldwide. In Malaysia, the average rice production of 4.2 t/ha is considered as low largely due to insufficient nutrients and blast disease. The main objective of this study was to identify high yielding, blast resistant and highly stable rice genotypes with high nitrogen efficiency for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Sixteen blast-resistant rice genotypes were evaluated in three rice granary areas (Tanjung Karang, Selangor; Kota Sarang Semut, Kedah and Seberang Perai, Penang) with five different nitrogen fertilizer levels over two planting seasons (Main and off seasons). Five nitrogen fertilizer levels:- 60, 80, 100, 120 (standard recommendation) and 140 kg N/ha were applied in each location and planting season. The experimental design was a split plot design with three replications, where the nitrogen fertilizer levels was assigned as main plot and rice genotypes as sub-plot. Nitrogen levels had highly significant effects on all the yields and vegetative traits except, panicle length, grain length and grain width. There was also presence of interaction between genotype and nitrogen levels in all the environments on all traits except, number of tillers per hill, number of panicles per hill and filled grain per panicle. In addition, the genotype by nitrogen interaction was highly significant for all traits except unfilled grain per panicle, panicle length, grain length, grain width and yield per hectare. The nitrogen yield efficiency differed significantly with various levels of nitrogen applied. The optimum nitrogen levels for MADA, Seberang Perai and Tanjung Karang were 112, 125 and 105 kg N/ha with yield production of 9.53, 8.99 and 9.48 t/ha, respectively. The results revealed that the ideal environment were ENV6 (Seberang Perai 2), ENV 2 (Tanjung Karang 1) and ENV4 (MADA 2). From the result obtained on stability analyses, two genotypes (Genotype 9 and 16) were found to be highly stable across the environments and produced high yield with 9.39 and 9.13 t/ha, respectively. However, the agronomic nitrogen yield efficiency across environments for the two genotypes were 6.23% and 2.79%, respectively, at 140 kg N/ha. The two superior genotypes (Genotype 9 and 16) with high yield and stability across environments are recommended for commercial cultivation in Malaysia.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Almu, Hamisu
author_facet	Almu, Hamisu
author_sort	Almu, Hamisu
title	Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
title_short	Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
title_full	Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
title_fullStr	Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
title_full_unstemmed	Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
title_sort	genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2019
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84081/1/IPTSM%202019%205%20-%20ir.pdf
_version_	1747813435493580800

Genotype-nitrogen-environment interaction and stability of blast resistant rice in multi locational trials

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