Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer

Bladder cancer ranks as the ninth most frequently-diagnosed cancer worldwide. With no suitable and validated biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis, patients are plagued with a high risk of recurrence and progression resulting in significantly increased rate of morbidity and mortality. OTX1 has be...

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Main Author:	Baharudin, Aminuddin
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	Bladder - Cancer Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84210/1/FPSK%20%28m%29%202019%2032%20UPM%20ir.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.842102022-01-04T02:37:44Z Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer 2018-10 Baharudin, Aminuddin Bladder cancer ranks as the ninth most frequently-diagnosed cancer worldwide. With no suitable and validated biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis, patients are plagued with a high risk of recurrence and progression resulting in significantly increased rate of morbidity and mortality. OTX1 has been implicated as a potential oncogene in several cancers but how OTX1 actually contributes to bladder cancer formation is still poorly understood. Hence, I aimed to evaluate OTX1 as a potential biomarker for bladder cancer in this study. To achieve that, I studied the mRNA expression of OTX1 across a series of bladder cancer cell lines via RT-qPCR and conducted OTX1 siRNA knockdown to reduce the expression of OTX1 in vitro. To observe the effects of knockdown on the migratory rate of cells, migration assay was conducted. The mRNA expression in cancer stem cells in vitro and protein expression of OTX1 in bladder cancer tissues was also investigated via RT-qPCR and IHC respectively. In addition, I attempted to discover the potential of OTX1 as a biomarker of response to predict Newcastle Disease Virusmediated oncolysis by correlating the expression of OTX1 with IC50 values of cell lines infected with NDV. I found that OTX1 was expressed in most bladder cancer cell lines. No significant difference in migratory rate was seen when OTX1 was knockdown in HTB-4. Intriguingly, OTX1 was significantly overexpressed in spheroid cultures compared to monolayer cultures. Using Spearman correlation, I found significant correlation between the protein expression of OTX1 with grade 2 and 3 bladder tumours and using Pearson correlation, weak correlation was found between the fold changes of OTX1 with the IC50 values across similar bladder cancer cell lines. Continuing to expand the findings from this study may lead to a deeper and clearer understanding of the potential role of OTX1 as a biomarker for bladder cancer management. Bladder - Cancer Urinary Bladder Neoplasms 2018-10 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84210/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84210/1/FPSK%20%28m%29%202019%2032%20UPM%20ir.pdf text en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Bladder - Cancer Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Veerakumarasivam, Abhimanyu
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Veerakumarasivam, Abhimanyu
topic	Bladder - Cancer Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
spellingShingle	Bladder - Cancer Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Baharudin, Aminuddin Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
description	Bladder cancer ranks as the ninth most frequently-diagnosed cancer worldwide. With no suitable and validated biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis, patients are plagued with a high risk of recurrence and progression resulting in significantly increased rate of morbidity and mortality. OTX1 has been implicated as a potential oncogene in several cancers but how OTX1 actually contributes to bladder cancer formation is still poorly understood. Hence, I aimed to evaluate OTX1 as a potential biomarker for bladder cancer in this study. To achieve that, I studied the mRNA expression of OTX1 across a series of bladder cancer cell lines via RT-qPCR and conducted OTX1 siRNA knockdown to reduce the expression of OTX1 in vitro. To observe the effects of knockdown on the migratory rate of cells, migration assay was conducted. The mRNA expression in cancer stem cells in vitro and protein expression of OTX1 in bladder cancer tissues was also investigated via RT-qPCR and IHC respectively. In addition, I attempted to discover the potential of OTX1 as a biomarker of response to predict Newcastle Disease Virusmediated oncolysis by correlating the expression of OTX1 with IC50 values of cell lines infected with NDV. I found that OTX1 was expressed in most bladder cancer cell lines. No significant difference in migratory rate was seen when OTX1 was knockdown in HTB-4. Intriguingly, OTX1 was significantly overexpressed in spheroid cultures compared to monolayer cultures. Using Spearman correlation, I found significant correlation between the protein expression of OTX1 with grade 2 and 3 bladder tumours and using Pearson correlation, weak correlation was found between the fold changes of OTX1 with the IC50 values across similar bladder cancer cell lines. Continuing to expand the findings from this study may lead to a deeper and clearer understanding of the potential role of OTX1 as a biomarker for bladder cancer management.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Baharudin, Aminuddin
author_facet	Baharudin, Aminuddin
author_sort	Baharudin, Aminuddin
title	Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
title_short	Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
title_full	Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
title_fullStr	Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
title_sort	evaluation of otx1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2018
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84210/1/FPSK%20%28m%29%202019%2032%20UPM%20ir.pdf
_version_	1747813449449078784

Evaluation of OTX1 as a potential biomarker of bladder cancer

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