Enhancement of hydrogen and methane production from co-digestion of food waste and chicken manure
The demand for clean energy from renewable resources stimulates biohydrogen and biomethane production from agro-food waste as an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuel. A combined production of biohydrogen and biomethane has attracted growing attention of researchers and industries worldwide du...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90663/1/FBSB%202018%2066%20-%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | The demand for clean energy from renewable resources stimulates
biohydrogen and biomethane production from agro-food waste as an
alternative fuel to replace fossil fuel. A combined production of biohydrogen
and biomethane has attracted growing attention of researchers and industries
worldwide due to their potential as fuel substitute. Biosynthesis of biohydrogen
and biomethane from food waste and chicken manure fermentation initiates
clean technologies for energy generation thus provide the solution for waste
treatment. Despite that, biogas production of hydrogen and methane have
limiting factors that relate to soluble metabolites and active microorganisms.
This inhibition effects can be overcome by optimizing several factors for
biohydrogen and biomethane production. The objectives of this study were to
determine the best ratio of food waste and chicken manure for biogas
production in batch fermentation and to evaluate the effect of different
inoculums and heat treatment upon selected inoculum on biohydrogen and
biomethane production besides the microbial diversity in the fermentation
using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of 16S ribosomal RNA were also
carried out. The batch fermentation was conducted using 150 mL serum
bottles incubated in anaerobic condition. Food waste with composition ratios
of 3:1:1 of carbohydrates, protein and fiber were used as substrate added with
chicken manure freshly collected from poultry farm. Biohydrogen and
biomethane production were tested for the effects of different substrate ratio,
different inoculums and heat treatment on selected inoculums. Temperature
and initial pH were kept constant at 35°C and initial pH 7. Biohydrogen and
biomethane from food waste and chicken manure was performed at different
ratio (40:60, 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30 (v/v)) inoculated with aeration tank sludge
(ATS), return activated sludge (RAS) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge.
Heat treatment was carried out at 80°C for 20 minutes to eliminate the
nonsporing bacteria. Biogas was collected daily throughout 10 days
fermentation and the composition of hydrogen and methane in the biogas was analyzed by gas chromatography. The highest biogas yield obtained was
111.72 NmL/g TSS for the experiment conducted at 50:50 (v/v) substrate ratio
added with RAS as inoculum without heat treatment. The highest percentages
of hydrogen and methane produced were 53.35% and 52.85%, respectively.
Microbial assessment was performed by using Next Generation Sequencing
(NGS) of 16S ribosomal RNA technique. Clostridium sp. was related to
biohydrogen production methanotroph such as Cyclobacteriaceae,
Saprospiraceae and Chloroflexi that were inhibited after the heat treatment.
Heat treatment of inoculums is not suitable for the production of both
biohydrogen and biomethane since it inhibits the methanogens. Thus,
controlling operating conditions were important for hydrogen-producing
bacteria as well as methanogens for biohydrogen and biomethane production. |
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