Effects Of Abbreviated Intensive Parent-Child Interaction Therapy On Noncompliance Behaviour Among Preschool Children With Attention And Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The aim of the study is to examine the effects of Abbreviated Intensive Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) on noncompliance behaviour among preschool children who were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The sample for this study was six children who attended Spec...
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| Summary: | The aim of the study is to examine the effects of Abbreviated Intensive Parent-Child
Interaction Therapy (PCIT) on noncompliance behaviour among preschool children
who were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The
sample for this study was six children who attended Special Education Integrated
Programme under Ministry of Education Malaysia in Selangor and their parents. The
Abbreviated Intensive PCIT is a brief and empirically-supported therapy for children
with disruptive behaviour that places emphasis on improving the quality of parent child
relationship and changing the ineffective way of parent-child interaction. Each
parent was taught and coached in two types of parenting skills: Child Directed
Interaction (CDI) and Parent Child Interaction (PDI). The A-B single-case
experimental design was applied to test the effect of treatment throughout four
different phases: Baseline (A,), Intensive Treatment (B-IT), Maintenance Treatment
(B-MT) and Follow-up (FI). There were four research instruments: (i) Eyberg Child
Behaviour Inventory (ECBI) used to measure the level of disruptive behaviour in
children, (ii) Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System-111 (DPICS-111) used to
measure parent's verbalisation and child compliance behaviour, (iii) Therapy Attitude
Test (TAI) to measure parent's satisfaction towards the treatment, and (iv) open-ended
question to explore parent's perception and experiences with the treatment. Parent's
verbalisation and child compliance behaviours towards parental commands during
these four phases were recorded and coded by the researcher and two trained
assistants using DPICS-I11 coding instrument. Selecting the research sample was done
using the purposive sampling which fulfilled the treatment inclusion and exclusion
criteria for both parent and child. Based on the descriptive analyses, the findings of
this study showed that Abbreviated Intensive PCIT was effective in reducing
noncompliance behaviour among ADHD preschool children. These remained even
after the follow-up test was conducted in which all dyads' scores for all instruments
(ECBI and DPICS-111) during FI remained lower than their scores before treatment.
The parent of Dyad 6 was achieved the mastery criteria for CDI and PDI skills. In
addition, parents also reported high level of satisfaction toward the treatment. The
findings suggested that, parenting module as one of the early intervention that based
on the Abbreviated Intensive PCIT was effectively used to improve parent's positive
parenting practices in reducing behavioural problems in the child. Main implications
of the research findings involving cultural issues in the application of the treatment
and several recommendations for future research were also discussed. |
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