Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal
Polivinilidena fluorida (PVDF) membran yang terdedah kepada kotoran emulsi minyak sukar deibersihkan melalui saluran air pada permukaan membran. Sifat hydrophilic titanium dioksida (TiO2) akan mengubah kestabilan larutan polimer semasa fasa penyongsangan dan mengubah morfologi membran. Dalam kajian...
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2016
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T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Susan, Ling Ying Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
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Polivinilidena fluorida (PVDF) membran yang terdedah kepada kotoran emulsi minyak sukar deibersihkan melalui saluran air pada permukaan membran. Sifat hydrophilic titanium dioksida (TiO2) akan mengubah kestabilan larutan polimer semasa fasa penyongsangan dan mengubah morfologi membran. Dalam kajian ini, PVDF-TiO2 membran matriks bercampur yang bersifat pembersihan sinar ultraungu (UV) telah disintesiskan untuk penyingkiran emulsi minyak mentah dalam keadaan kemasinan yang tinggi. Kesan parameter sintesis membran, iaitu kepekatan polimer, jenis pelarut, jenis dan kepekatan TiO2, dan kepekatan polietilena glikol (PEG) telah dikaji. Sifat-sifat fizikokimia membran dinilai dan dikaitkan dengan prestasi dan sifat anti-kotoron membran. Saiz liang dan keporosan membran merupakan kesan mendominasi pengotoran oleh emulsi minyak. Dari segi anti-kotoran, parameter sintesis membran optima diperolehi dengan menggunakan 18 % berat kepekatan polimer dengan menggunakan N,N-dimetilasetamid (DMAc) diguna sebagai pelarut dan ditambah dengan 3 % berat P25 TiO2. Fluks penelapan air yang diperolehi adalah 160.19 ± 11.54 L/m2.hr, penolakan emulsi minyak sebanyak 96.27 ± 0.28 % dengan 23.40 ± 1.10 % nisbah pemulihan fluks (FRR). Ia didapati bahawa tekanan kritikal harus rendah daripada 1.5 bar untuk mengelakkan kotoran di mana rintangan lapisan kek adalah mekanisma utama pengotoran. Selepas 30 min sinaran UV, membrane matriks bercampur menunjukkan peningkatan yang drastik dalam nisbah pemulihan fluks, iaitu sebanyak 90.42 ± 4.90 % di mana ia mengesahkan sifat pembersihan sendiri zarah nano TiO2 dalam mendegredasikan emulsi minyak yang terjerap pada permukaan membran. Namun begitu, penyinaran UV dalam jangka masa yang lebih panjang dan intensiti yang lebih tinggi boleh mengurangkan prestasi membran kerana liang tersumbat disebabkan oleh pemecahan minyak dan pembesaran liang.
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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is prone to be fouled by oil emulsions which could not be easily cleaned via surface washing. Besides, hydrophilic nature of titanium dioxide (TiO2) changes the thermodynamic stability of the polymer solution during phase inversion and caused membrane with altered morphology. In this study, PVDF–TiO2 mixed-matrix membranes with UV-cleaning properties were synthesized for crude oil emulsion removal at high salinity condition. The effect of membrane synthesis parameter, namely polymer concentrations, type of solvents, TiO2 type and concentrations, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the membrane were characterized and related to its performance and antifouling properties. Membrane pore size and porosity were the dominating effects of membrane fouling by oil emulsions. In term of antifouling, the optimum membrane synthesis parameter was obtained by 18 wt.% PVDF with N, Ndimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent added with 3 wt.% of P25 TiO2. The obtained pure water permeation flux was 160.19 ± 11.54 L/m2.hr, rejection of 96.27 ± 0.28 % with flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 23.40 ± 1.10 %. It was found that the critical pressure to avoid irreversible fouling should be lower than 1.5 bar whereby cake layer resistance is the main fouling mechanism. Upon 30 min of UV irradiation, the mixedmatrix membrane exhibited drastic FRR improvement of 90.42 ± 4.90 %, which confirms the photocatalytic property of TiO2 nanoparticles in degrading the adsorbed oil emulsions on the membrane surface. Nonetheless, further increased of UV irradiation duration and intensity could deteriorate the membrane performance due to pore blockage caused by the oil fragmentation and pore enlargement.
|
| format |
Thesis |
| qualification_level |
Master's degree |
| author |
Susan, Ling Ying |
| author_facet |
Susan, Ling Ying |
| author_sort |
Susan, Ling Ying |
| title |
Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
| title_short |
Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
| title_full |
Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
| title_fullStr |
Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal |
| title_sort |
pvdf-tio2 nanocomposite membrane with anti-fouling properties for oil emulsion removal |
| granting_institution |
Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| granting_department |
Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
http://eprints.usm.my/40746/1/Pvdf-Tio2_Nanocomposite_Membrane_with_Anti-Fouling_Properties_for_Oil_Emulsion_Removal.pdf |
| _version_ |
1747820813570015232 |
| spelling |
my-usm-ep.407462018-06-11T08:06:42Z Pvdf-Tio2 Nanocomposite Membrane with Anti-Fouling Properties for Oil Emulsion Removal 2016-09 Susan, Ling Ying T Technology TP155-156 Chemical engineering Polivinilidena fluorida (PVDF) membran yang terdedah kepada kotoran emulsi minyak sukar deibersihkan melalui saluran air pada permukaan membran. Sifat hydrophilic titanium dioksida (TiO2) akan mengubah kestabilan larutan polimer semasa fasa penyongsangan dan mengubah morfologi membran. Dalam kajian ini, PVDF-TiO2 membran matriks bercampur yang bersifat pembersihan sinar ultraungu (UV) telah disintesiskan untuk penyingkiran emulsi minyak mentah dalam keadaan kemasinan yang tinggi. Kesan parameter sintesis membran, iaitu kepekatan polimer, jenis pelarut, jenis dan kepekatan TiO2, dan kepekatan polietilena glikol (PEG) telah dikaji. Sifat-sifat fizikokimia membran dinilai dan dikaitkan dengan prestasi dan sifat anti-kotoron membran. Saiz liang dan keporosan membran merupakan kesan mendominasi pengotoran oleh emulsi minyak. Dari segi anti-kotoran, parameter sintesis membran optima diperolehi dengan menggunakan 18 % berat kepekatan polimer dengan menggunakan N,N-dimetilasetamid (DMAc) diguna sebagai pelarut dan ditambah dengan 3 % berat P25 TiO2. Fluks penelapan air yang diperolehi adalah 160.19 ± 11.54 L/m2.hr, penolakan emulsi minyak sebanyak 96.27 ± 0.28 % dengan 23.40 ± 1.10 % nisbah pemulihan fluks (FRR). Ia didapati bahawa tekanan kritikal harus rendah daripada 1.5 bar untuk mengelakkan kotoran di mana rintangan lapisan kek adalah mekanisma utama pengotoran. Selepas 30 min sinaran UV, membrane matriks bercampur menunjukkan peningkatan yang drastik dalam nisbah pemulihan fluks, iaitu sebanyak 90.42 ± 4.90 % di mana ia mengesahkan sifat pembersihan sendiri zarah nano TiO2 dalam mendegredasikan emulsi minyak yang terjerap pada permukaan membran. Namun begitu, penyinaran UV dalam jangka masa yang lebih panjang dan intensiti yang lebih tinggi boleh mengurangkan prestasi membran kerana liang tersumbat disebabkan oleh pemecahan minyak dan pembesaran liang. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is prone to be fouled by oil emulsions which could not be easily cleaned via surface washing. Besides, hydrophilic nature of titanium dioxide (TiO2) changes the thermodynamic stability of the polymer solution during phase inversion and caused membrane with altered morphology. In this study, PVDF–TiO2 mixed-matrix membranes with UV-cleaning properties were synthesized for crude oil emulsion removal at high salinity condition. The effect of membrane synthesis parameter, namely polymer concentrations, type of solvents, TiO2 type and concentrations, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the membrane were characterized and related to its performance and antifouling properties. Membrane pore size and porosity were the dominating effects of membrane fouling by oil emulsions. In term of antifouling, the optimum membrane synthesis parameter was obtained by 18 wt.% PVDF with N, Ndimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent added with 3 wt.% of P25 TiO2. The obtained pure water permeation flux was 160.19 ± 11.54 L/m2.hr, rejection of 96.27 ± 0.28 % with flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 23.40 ± 1.10 %. It was found that the critical pressure to avoid irreversible fouling should be lower than 1.5 bar whereby cake layer resistance is the main fouling mechanism. Upon 30 min of UV irradiation, the mixedmatrix membrane exhibited drastic FRR improvement of 90.42 ± 4.90 %, which confirms the photocatalytic property of TiO2 nanoparticles in degrading the adsorbed oil emulsions on the membrane surface. Nonetheless, further increased of UV irradiation duration and intensity could deteriorate the membrane performance due to pore blockage caused by the oil fragmentation and pore enlargement. 2016-09 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/40746/ http://eprints.usm.my/40746/1/Pvdf-Tio2_Nanocomposite_Membrane_with_Anti-Fouling_Properties_for_Oil_Emulsion_Removal.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia |