Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material

A new method which does not involve the use of water as solvent for esterification of carrageenan, was developed to synthesize κ-carrageenan esters. Pyridine was used as solvent and catalyst in this synthesis. The effect of temperature and amount of decanoyl chloride to the esterification process wa...

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Main Author:	Teow, Cheng Yee
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	TP1-1185 Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/45218/1/Teow%20Cheng%20Yee24.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.45218
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spelling	my-usm-ep.452182019-08-07T07:02:46Z Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material 2012-10 Teow, Cheng Yee TP1-1185 Chemical technology A new method which does not involve the use of water as solvent for esterification of carrageenan, was developed to synthesize κ-carrageenan esters. Pyridine was used as solvent and catalyst in this synthesis. The effect of temperature and amount of decanoyl chloride to the esterification process was studied systematically in this work. Characterisation by Fourier Transforms Infra-Red Spectrometer (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonances Spectrometer (NMR) techniques revealed the formation of ester bond in all samples. The glass transition temperatures, Tg of κ-carrageenan esters which were studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and the result revealed that all the κ-carrageenan esters synthesized have lower glass transition temperature than the κ-carrageenan. By using 1H-NMR spectra, the degree of substitution of acyl group was determined to be highest at 90 oC reaction temperature. The optimum amount of acyl chloride used to prepared κ-carrageenan ester with the highest degree of substitution was determined to be 0.175 mol. All κ-carrageenan esters show good solubility in toluene but not in water. Further purification of the esters using sodium bicarbonate and toluene yield a purer κ-carrageenan ester. κ-carrageenan ester synthesized without further purification was used in the preparation of κ-carrageenan ester and zirconia composite using the sonication technique. The composite which is insoluble in water and toluene, showed better thermal properties as compared to κ-carrageenan esters. 2012-10 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/45218/ http://eprints.usm.my/45218/1/Teow%20Cheng%20Yee24.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP1-1185 Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP1-1185 Chemical technology Teow, Cheng Yee Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
description	A new method which does not involve the use of water as solvent for esterification of carrageenan, was developed to synthesize κ-carrageenan esters. Pyridine was used as solvent and catalyst in this synthesis. The effect of temperature and amount of decanoyl chloride to the esterification process was studied systematically in this work. Characterisation by Fourier Transforms Infra-Red Spectrometer (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonances Spectrometer (NMR) techniques revealed the formation of ester bond in all samples. The glass transition temperatures, Tg of κ-carrageenan esters which were studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and the result revealed that all the κ-carrageenan esters synthesized have lower glass transition temperature than the κ-carrageenan. By using 1H-NMR spectra, the degree of substitution of acyl group was determined to be highest at 90 oC reaction temperature. The optimum amount of acyl chloride used to prepared κ-carrageenan ester with the highest degree of substitution was determined to be 0.175 mol. All κ-carrageenan esters show good solubility in toluene but not in water. Further purification of the esters using sodium bicarbonate and toluene yield a purer κ-carrageenan ester. κ-carrageenan ester synthesized without further purification was used in the preparation of κ-carrageenan ester and zirconia composite using the sonication technique. The composite which is insoluble in water and toluene, showed better thermal properties as compared to κ-carrageenan esters.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Teow, Cheng Yee
author_facet	Teow, Cheng Yee
author_sort	Teow, Cheng Yee
title	Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
title_short	Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
title_full	Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
title_fullStr	Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
title_full_unstemmed	Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material
title_sort	properties of esterified κ-carrageenan and esterified κ-carrageenan-zirconia composite material
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia
publishDate	2012
url	http://eprints.usm.my/45218/1/Teow%20Cheng%20Yee24.pdf
_version_	1747821471255756800

Properties Of Esterified Κ-Carrageenan And Esterified Κ-Carrageenan-Zirconia Composite Material

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