Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application

Mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) as a drug carrier has been widely studied but seldom focused was given on more biocompatible species for example mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). Incorporation of mesoporous structure is expected to give the CHA better biocompatibility properties and drug...

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Main Author:	Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	T Technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/45794/1/Synthesis%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Mesoporous%20Carbonated%20Hydroxyapatite%20For%20Drug%20Delivery%20Application.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.457942021-11-17T03:42:16Z Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application 2017-05 Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah T Technology TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials Mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) as a drug carrier has been widely studied but seldom focused was given on more biocompatible species for example mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). Incorporation of mesoporous structure is expected to give the CHA better biocompatibility properties and drug release profile. The ultimate aim of this research is to synthesise mesoporous CHA that demonstrates optimum pore characteristics for drug delivery application and to investigate the biocompatibility properties of the material. The effects of different type of surfactant with different numbers of polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide (PEO-PPO) units, types of washing solvents used (such as deionized water, ethanol and acetone), concentrations of surfactant and concentration of carbonate precursor on the pore characteristics of the mesoporous CHA were investigated. Mesoporous CHA was synthesised by hydrothermal method using non-ionic triblock co-polymers surfactant as a template to introduce pores within CHA particles. Among different washing solvents studied, deionized water is more preferable as a solvent for the washing process, as it is not only physiologically biocompatible than ethanol but also resulted a higher surface area (63 m2g-1) compare to other solvents. Mesoporous CHA synthesise using P123 (63 m2g-1) has a larger surface area than those produced using F127 (58 m2g-1). The transmission electron microscope images confirmed the presence of mesopores as an array of pore channels in the synthesised sample. The optimum pore characteristics (i.e. surface area = 78 m2g-1, pore size = 27 nm and pore volume = 0.542 nm) of mesoporous CHA was obtained when surfactant concentration (1.7 mM) was maintained closed to critical micelle concentration (CMC), 0.0044 mM. High carbonate precursor concentration (1 M) was found to produce mesoporous CHA with high surface area and carbonate content within the range of natural human bone (2−8%). The biocompatibility of the materials was determined by carrying out the in vitro bioactivity study, cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) tests on the mesoporous CHA. The in vitro bioactivity, cytotoxicity and ALP tests results proved that the mesoporous CHA has a good biocompatibility comparable to commercial HA. Mesoporous CHA was confirmed non-toxic to the MC3T3-E1 cells. The material also supported cells differentiation at various concentration extracts up to 25 mg/ml. Finally, drug loading and release profile of the mesoporous CHA were evaluated using ibuprofen and cisplatin as models drug. As for investigation using ibuprofen, the mesopores introduced within the CHA structure has enabled it to have higher drug loading capacity (DLC = 18.9 wt%) and better loading efficiency (28 wt%) as well as higher release amount (about 39 %) than nonporous CHA (DLC = 6.6 wt%, EE = 13.2 wt%, release amount about 10%). Mesoporous CHA with larger surface area demonstrated better controlledrelease property than the lower surface area mesoporous CHA. 2017-05 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/45794/ http://eprints.usm.my/45794/1/Synthesis%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Mesoporous%20Carbonated%20Hydroxyapatite%20For%20Drug%20Delivery%20Application.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan & Sumber Mineral
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	T Technology T Technology
spellingShingle	T Technology T Technology Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
description	Mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) as a drug carrier has been widely studied but seldom focused was given on more biocompatible species for example mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). Incorporation of mesoporous structure is expected to give the CHA better biocompatibility properties and drug release profile. The ultimate aim of this research is to synthesise mesoporous CHA that demonstrates optimum pore characteristics for drug delivery application and to investigate the biocompatibility properties of the material. The effects of different type of surfactant with different numbers of polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide (PEO-PPO) units, types of washing solvents used (such as deionized water, ethanol and acetone), concentrations of surfactant and concentration of carbonate precursor on the pore characteristics of the mesoporous CHA were investigated. Mesoporous CHA was synthesised by hydrothermal method using non-ionic triblock co-polymers surfactant as a template to introduce pores within CHA particles. Among different washing solvents studied, deionized water is more preferable as a solvent for the washing process, as it is not only physiologically biocompatible than ethanol but also resulted a higher surface area (63 m2g-1) compare to other solvents. Mesoporous CHA synthesise using P123 (63 m2g-1) has a larger surface area than those produced using F127 (58 m2g-1). The transmission electron microscope images confirmed the presence of mesopores as an array of pore channels in the synthesised sample. The optimum pore characteristics (i.e. surface area = 78 m2g-1, pore size = 27 nm and pore volume = 0.542 nm) of mesoporous CHA was obtained when surfactant concentration (1.7 mM) was maintained closed to critical micelle concentration (CMC), 0.0044 mM. High carbonate precursor concentration (1 M) was found to produce mesoporous CHA with high surface area and carbonate content within the range of natural human bone (2−8%). The biocompatibility of the materials was determined by carrying out the in vitro bioactivity study, cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) tests on the mesoporous CHA. The in vitro bioactivity, cytotoxicity and ALP tests results proved that the mesoporous CHA has a good biocompatibility comparable to commercial HA. Mesoporous CHA was confirmed non-toxic to the MC3T3-E1 cells. The material also supported cells differentiation at various concentration extracts up to 25 mg/ml. Finally, drug loading and release profile of the mesoporous CHA were evaluated using ibuprofen and cisplatin as models drug. As for investigation using ibuprofen, the mesopores introduced within the CHA structure has enabled it to have higher drug loading capacity (DLC = 18.9 wt%) and better loading efficiency (28 wt%) as well as higher release amount (about 39 %) than nonporous CHA (DLC = 6.6 wt%, EE = 13.2 wt%, release amount about 10%). Mesoporous CHA with larger surface area demonstrated better controlledrelease property than the lower surface area mesoporous CHA.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah
author_facet	Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah
author_sort	Mohammad, Nur Farahiyah
title	Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
title_short	Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
title_full	Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
title_fullStr	Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite for drug delivery application
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Bahan & Sumber Mineral
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.usm.my/45794/1/Synthesis%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Mesoporous%20Carbonated%20Hydroxyapatite%20For%20Drug%20Delivery%20Application.pdf
_version_	1747821567821217792

Synthesis And Characterization Of Mesoporous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite For Drug Delivery Application

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