Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract

Water-soluble palm fruit extract (WSPFE) is recovered from the palm oil production waste stream in Malaysia. WSPFE consists of valuable water-soluble phenolic acids including protocatechuic acid (PCA), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA), and three isomers of caffeoyl-shikimic acid. WSPFE demonstrated sev...

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Main Author:	Dayoob, Mohamad
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/59259/1/MOHAMAD%20DAYOOB%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.59259
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-usm-ep.592592023-08-24T08:02:28Z Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract 2022-07 Dayoob, Mohamad RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica Water-soluble palm fruit extract (WSPFE) is recovered from the palm oil production waste stream in Malaysia. WSPFE consists of valuable water-soluble phenolic acids including protocatechuic acid (PCA), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA), and three isomers of caffeoyl-shikimic acid. WSPFE demonstrated several therapeutic activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the high sugar content of WSPFE may lead to gastrointestinal side effects, likely resulting in compliance issues. Also, the lower phenolic content compared to the sugar content means that a large quantity of WSPFE should be consumed to achieve the therapeutic effects. Different methods were used to remove the sugars and extract the phenolic acids in WSPFE, namely liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), ethanolic precipitation, alkaline hydrolysis, and solid phase extraction (SPE) by using Amberlite XAD-2 and Oasis HLB resins. The most efficient method for removing the sugars and extracting the phenolics was found to be through SPE by Oasis HLB, followed by Amberlite XAD-2. The sugar-removed WSPFE (SR-WSPFE) samples were examined in vitro using different assays. The highest antioxidant, alpha-amylase inhibition, and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activities were observed in SR-WSPFE that was extracted by Oasis HLB, followed by Amberlite XAD-2. Therefore, the SR-WSPFE obtained by using Oasis HLB was chosen for further product development process. Preformulation studies revealed some drawbacks of SR-WSPFE including hygroscopicity, high moisture content, bitter taste, and poor flow properties. Different carriers and formulation approaches were applied to overcome the problems of SR-WSPFE. 2022-07 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/59259/ http://eprints.usm.my/59259/1/MOHAMAD%20DAYOOB%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica
spellingShingle	RS1-441 Pharmacy and materia medica Dayoob, Mohamad Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
description	Water-soluble palm fruit extract (WSPFE) is recovered from the palm oil production waste stream in Malaysia. WSPFE consists of valuable water-soluble phenolic acids including protocatechuic acid (PCA), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA), and three isomers of caffeoyl-shikimic acid. WSPFE demonstrated several therapeutic activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the high sugar content of WSPFE may lead to gastrointestinal side effects, likely resulting in compliance issues. Also, the lower phenolic content compared to the sugar content means that a large quantity of WSPFE should be consumed to achieve the therapeutic effects. Different methods were used to remove the sugars and extract the phenolic acids in WSPFE, namely liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), ethanolic precipitation, alkaline hydrolysis, and solid phase extraction (SPE) by using Amberlite XAD-2 and Oasis HLB resins. The most efficient method for removing the sugars and extracting the phenolics was found to be through SPE by Oasis HLB, followed by Amberlite XAD-2. The sugar-removed WSPFE (SR-WSPFE) samples were examined in vitro using different assays. The highest antioxidant, alpha-amylase inhibition, and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activities were observed in SR-WSPFE that was extracted by Oasis HLB, followed by Amberlite XAD-2. Therefore, the SR-WSPFE obtained by using Oasis HLB was chosen for further product development process. Preformulation studies revealed some drawbacks of SR-WSPFE including hygroscopicity, high moisture content, bitter taste, and poor flow properties. Different carriers and formulation approaches were applied to overcome the problems of SR-WSPFE.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Dayoob, Mohamad
author_facet	Dayoob, Mohamad
author_sort	Dayoob, Mohamad
title	Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
title_short	Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
title_full	Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
title_fullStr	Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
title_full_unstemmed	Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract
title_sort	design and development of oral antihyperglycaemic formulations for water-soluble palm fruit extract
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.usm.my/59259/1/MOHAMAD%20DAYOOB%20-%20TESIS%20cut.pdf
_version_	1776101274271350784

Design And Development Of Oral Antihyperglycaemic Formulations For Water-Soluble Palm Fruit Extract

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