Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post

Nanofillers and short fibres were added to polymer composites as the reinforcements to improve their mechanical properties. The synthetic E-glass fibres used in fibre- reinforced composite of commercial dental post was reported to be hazardous. Oil palm fibres and rice husk silica are cheaper and ge...

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Main Author:	Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2024
Subjects:	QD Chemistry R Medicine
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/61031/1/NURUL%20SYAFIKA%20ATIKAH%20BINTI%20BABU-FINAL%20THESIS%20P-SGM000522%28R%29-E.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.610312024-10-13T02:45:41Z Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post 2024-04 Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah QD Chemistry R Medicine RA440-440.87 Study and teaching. Research Nanofillers and short fibres were added to polymer composites as the reinforcements to improve their mechanical properties. The synthetic E-glass fibres used in fibre- reinforced composite of commercial dental post was reported to be hazardous. Oil palm fibres and rice husk silica are cheaper and generally safer for workers than glass fibres in composite production. The aim of this research is to produce dental post and core which incorporated natural oil palm fibre (OPF) and rice husk (RH) silica from agricultural waste into the matrix and also to investigate the chemicomechanical properties of the produced post compared to the commercial post. Preparation of OPF/RH Silica/PA12 reinforced nanocomposite post was done by incorporating treated silica from rice husk and oil palm fibre crystallized nanocellulose (OPF CNC) into Polyamide 12 (PA12) matrix. Six samples with a size of 1.5mm x 2.0mm x 25.0mm were prepared for 7 groups (n=6, N=42) and six samples with the size 4mm diameter x 6mm height, were also prepared for 7 groups (n=6, N=42); Group 1 100% PA12, Group 2 PA12 (99%) + OPF CNC (1%), Group 3 PA12 (98%) + OPF CNC (2%), Group 4 PA12 (80%) + (20%) RH silica, Group 5 PA12 (80%) +(19%) RH silica + (1%) OPF CNC, Group 6 PA12 (80%) +(18%) RH silica + (2%) OPF CNC, Group 7 everStick post (flexure test)/ everX FlowTM (compressive test). The flexure and compressive tests were carried out using Instron Universal Testing Machine (Shimadzu, Japan) and the data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 26.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to examine the fractured flexural strength samples. Flexural test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in flexural strength between different groups (χ2 (df) = 38.65 (6), whereby the PA12 with CNC fillers showed an increased in flexure strength value compared to unfilled PA12 and has no significant difference with commercial post. The incorporation of OPF CNC in the PA12 composite however did not increase the compressive value compared to unfilled PA12 and showed a significantly reduction in compressive strength compared to commercial composite. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of both fillers in the composite and showed smoother surface with presence of lesser voids and gaps with increment of filler wt% which suggested enhanced interfacial bonding. TGA analysis showed that OPF CNC lowered the thermostability of the composite while RH silica improved the thermostability of the composite. Incorporation of OPF CNC into PA12 matrix increased flexure strength of the composite. Incorporation of silica on the other hand reduced the flexure strength of PA12. However, the incorporation of OPF CNC or RH silica did not give any impact to the compressive strength of PA12. 2024-04 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/61031/ http://eprints.usm.my/61031/1/NURUL%20SYAFIKA%20ATIKAH%20BINTI%20BABU-FINAL%20THESIS%20P-SGM000522%28R%29-E.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Pergigian
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry R Medicine QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry R Medicine QD Chemistry Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
description	Nanofillers and short fibres were added to polymer composites as the reinforcements to improve their mechanical properties. The synthetic E-glass fibres used in fibre- reinforced composite of commercial dental post was reported to be hazardous. Oil palm fibres and rice husk silica are cheaper and generally safer for workers than glass fibres in composite production. The aim of this research is to produce dental post and core which incorporated natural oil palm fibre (OPF) and rice husk (RH) silica from agricultural waste into the matrix and also to investigate the chemicomechanical properties of the produced post compared to the commercial post. Preparation of OPF/RH Silica/PA12 reinforced nanocomposite post was done by incorporating treated silica from rice husk and oil palm fibre crystallized nanocellulose (OPF CNC) into Polyamide 12 (PA12) matrix. Six samples with a size of 1.5mm x 2.0mm x 25.0mm were prepared for 7 groups (n=6, N=42) and six samples with the size 4mm diameter x 6mm height, were also prepared for 7 groups (n=6, N=42); Group 1 100% PA12, Group 2 PA12 (99%) + OPF CNC (1%), Group 3 PA12 (98%) + OPF CNC (2%), Group 4 PA12 (80%) + (20%) RH silica, Group 5 PA12 (80%) +(19%) RH silica + (1%) OPF CNC, Group 6 PA12 (80%) +(18%) RH silica + (2%) OPF CNC, Group 7 everStick post (flexure test)/ everX FlowTM (compressive test). The flexure and compressive tests were carried out using Instron Universal Testing Machine (Shimadzu, Japan) and the data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 26.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to examine the fractured flexural strength samples. Flexural test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in flexural strength between different groups (χ2 (df) = 38.65 (6), whereby the PA12 with CNC fillers showed an increased in flexure strength value compared to unfilled PA12 and has no significant difference with commercial post. The incorporation of OPF CNC in the PA12 composite however did not increase the compressive value compared to unfilled PA12 and showed a significantly reduction in compressive strength compared to commercial composite. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of both fillers in the composite and showed smoother surface with presence of lesser voids and gaps with increment of filler wt% which suggested enhanced interfacial bonding. TGA analysis showed that OPF CNC lowered the thermostability of the composite while RH silica improved the thermostability of the composite. Incorporation of OPF CNC into PA12 matrix increased flexure strength of the composite. Incorporation of silica on the other hand reduced the flexure strength of PA12. However, the incorporation of OPF CNC or RH silica did not give any impact to the compressive strength of PA12.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah
author_facet	Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah
author_sort	Babu, Nurul Syafika Atikah
title	Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
title_short	Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
title_full	Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
title_fullStr	Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
title_sort	investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Pergigian
publishDate	2024
url	http://eprints.usm.my/61031/1/NURUL%20SYAFIKA%20ATIKAH%20BINTI%20BABU-FINAL%20THESIS%20P-SGM000522%28R%29-E.pdf
_version_	1818647368360263680

Investigation of chemicomechanical properties of polyamide 12 composite reinforced with fillers from agriculture biowaste as a potential dental post

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