Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah

Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major public health concern; almost a third of the world’s population is estimated to have LTBI. A significant proportion of infected individuals progress to active tuberculosis (TB), especially among the frequently exposed and immunocompromised...

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Main Author:	Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	R Medicine
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/61259/1/Ahmad%20Firdaus%20Mohamed-E.pdf
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id	my-usm-ep.61259
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spelling	my-usm-ep.612592024-10-10T03:39:29Z Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah 2023-06 Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus R Medicine Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major public health concern; almost a third of the world’s population is estimated to have LTBI. A significant proportion of infected individuals progress to active tuberculosis (TB), especially among the frequently exposed and immunocompromised groups. Completion of LTBI preventive treatment is crucial to prevent progression to active TB. Objective: This study aimed to identify the proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among LTBI patients in Sabah, Malaysia. Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted among LTBI patients registered in the Sabah State Health Department’s LTBIS 401A registry. This study utilized a retrospective cohort study design, using secondary data from the Sabah State Health Department's LTBIS 401A registry over four years, from January 2019 to July 2022. Data collection was conducted using a pre-designed proforma, and data were subsequently entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 26 software. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with incomplete LTBI preventive treatment. Results: A total of 895 LTBI patients were included in the study. The overall proportion of incomplete LTBI preventive treatment was 9.2%. Factors that were significantly associated with the incomplete preventive treatment were non-HCW occupation (OR=4.21, 95% CI: 1.25, 14.22), residents of Tawau Division (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.65), and LTBI patients without contact to TB patients (OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.42, 5.48). Conclusion: The proportion of incomplete preventive treatment among LTBI patients in Sabah was comparatively lower than in previously published studies. Targeted interventions should be developed to address the specific needs of the groups with higher odds of having incomplete LTBI preventive treatment. This includes tackling the Social Determinants of Health for example improving healthcare system accessibility and social gradient. Prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate these interventions' effectiveness in improving LTBI preventive treatment completion rates. 2023-06 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/61259/ http://eprints.usm.my/61259/1/Ahmad%20Firdaus%20Mohamed-E.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	R Medicine
spellingShingle	R Medicine Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
description	Background: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major public health concern; almost a third of the world’s population is estimated to have LTBI. A significant proportion of infected individuals progress to active tuberculosis (TB), especially among the frequently exposed and immunocompromised groups. Completion of LTBI preventive treatment is crucial to prevent progression to active TB. Objective: This study aimed to identify the proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among LTBI patients in Sabah, Malaysia. Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted among LTBI patients registered in the Sabah State Health Department’s LTBIS 401A registry. This study utilized a retrospective cohort study design, using secondary data from the Sabah State Health Department's LTBIS 401A registry over four years, from January 2019 to July 2022. Data collection was conducted using a pre-designed proforma, and data were subsequently entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 26 software. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with incomplete LTBI preventive treatment. Results: A total of 895 LTBI patients were included in the study. The overall proportion of incomplete LTBI preventive treatment was 9.2%. Factors that were significantly associated with the incomplete preventive treatment were non-HCW occupation (OR=4.21, 95% CI: 1.25, 14.22), residents of Tawau Division (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.65), and LTBI patients without contact to TB patients (OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.42, 5.48). Conclusion: The proportion of incomplete preventive treatment among LTBI patients in Sabah was comparatively lower than in previously published studies. Targeted interventions should be developed to address the specific needs of the groups with higher odds of having incomplete LTBI preventive treatment. This includes tackling the Social Determinants of Health for example improving healthcare system accessibility and social gradient. Prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate these interventions' effectiveness in improving LTBI preventive treatment completion rates.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus
author_facet	Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus
author_sort	Mohamed, Ahmad Firdaus
title	Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
title_short	Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
title_full	Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
title_fullStr	Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
title_full_unstemmed	Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah
title_sort	proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in sabah
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.usm.my/61259/1/Ahmad%20Firdaus%20Mohamed-E.pdf
_version_	1818647380146257920

Proportion of incomplete preventive treatment and its associated factors among latent tuberculosis infection patients in Sabah

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