The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia

Introduction: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is a global public health burden that causes high morbidity and mortality among the population. The increase in DR-TB cases has become evident in Malaysia over the past few years. Effective and systematic treatment can save lives; however, unfavourable treatme...

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Main Author:	Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	R Medicine RC306-320.5 Tuberculosis
Online Access:	http://eprints.usm.my/61299/1/Mohd%20Fahmin%20Kamarul%20Zaman-D.pdf
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spelling	my-usm-ep.612992024-11-14T01:41:58Z The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia 2023-06 Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul R Medicine RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RC306-320.5 Tuberculosis Introduction: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is a global public health burden that causes high morbidity and mortality among the population. The increase in DR-TB cases has become evident in Malaysia over the past few years. Effective and systematic treatment can save lives; however, unfavourable treatment outcomes are a barrier. This study aims to determine the prevalence rate and the associated factors with unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB patients in Selangor and WPKL from 2016 to 2020. Methods: This study has two components: prevalence rate and case-control analysis, utilizing secondary data obtained from the National Tuberculosis Surveillance Database (MyTB). All reported DR-TB cases in MyTB between 2016 and 2020 that met the study criteria were analysed. The case group consists of 181 DR-TB cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes, whereas the control group consists of 222 DR-TB cases with favourable treatment outcomes. Multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: There was an increment in the prevalence rate of DR-TB cases in Selangor and WPKL from 2016 to 2020, from 0.31 to 1.83 per 100,000 population. DR-TB cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes accounted for 42%. The significant factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB cases were male (AdjOR 2.38; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.94), single and divorced (AdjOR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.49), receive no formal education (AdjOR 3.09; 95% CI: 1.49, 6.41), HIV positive (AdjOR 2.87; 95% CI: 1.40, 5.87), DR-TB category for RR- TB (AdjOR 3.34; 95% CI: 1.90, 5.86) and MDR/ Pre-XDR/ XDR-TB (AdjOR 2.57; 95% CI: 1.52, 4.33). Conclusion: Therefore, unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB cases should be tackled through holistic public health interventions involving commitment from all stakeholders. Future studies need to explore other parameters as well as drive efforts to start capturing additional significant variables in the surveillance database for all TB cases. 2023-06 Thesis http://eprints.usm.my/61299/ http://eprints.usm.my/61299/1/Mohd%20Fahmin%20Kamarul%20Zaman-D.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Sains Malaysia Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan
institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
collection	USM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	R Medicine R Medicine RC306-320.5 Tuberculosis
spellingShingle	R Medicine R Medicine RC306-320.5 Tuberculosis Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
description	Introduction: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is a global public health burden that causes high morbidity and mortality among the population. The increase in DR-TB cases has become evident in Malaysia over the past few years. Effective and systematic treatment can save lives; however, unfavourable treatment outcomes are a barrier. This study aims to determine the prevalence rate and the associated factors with unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB patients in Selangor and WPKL from 2016 to 2020. Methods: This study has two components: prevalence rate and case-control analysis, utilizing secondary data obtained from the National Tuberculosis Surveillance Database (MyTB). All reported DR-TB cases in MyTB between 2016 and 2020 that met the study criteria were analysed. The case group consists of 181 DR-TB cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes, whereas the control group consists of 222 DR-TB cases with favourable treatment outcomes. Multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: There was an increment in the prevalence rate of DR-TB cases in Selangor and WPKL from 2016 to 2020, from 0.31 to 1.83 per 100,000 population. DR-TB cases with unfavourable treatment outcomes accounted for 42%. The significant factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB cases were male (AdjOR 2.38; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.94), single and divorced (AdjOR 1.61; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.49), receive no formal education (AdjOR 3.09; 95% CI: 1.49, 6.41), HIV positive (AdjOR 2.87; 95% CI: 1.40, 5.87), DR-TB category for RR- TB (AdjOR 3.34; 95% CI: 1.90, 5.86) and MDR/ Pre-XDR/ XDR-TB (AdjOR 2.57; 95% CI: 1.52, 4.33). Conclusion: Therefore, unfavourable treatment outcomes among DR-TB cases should be tackled through holistic public health interventions involving commitment from all stakeholders. Future studies need to explore other parameters as well as drive efforts to start capturing additional significant variables in the surveillance database for all TB cases.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul
author_facet	Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul
author_sort	Zaman, Mohd Fahmin Kamarul
title	The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
title_short	The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
title_full	The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
title_fullStr	The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia
title_sort	prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (dr-tb) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in selangor and wilayah persekutuan kuala lumpur (wpkl), malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Sains Malaysia
granting_department	Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.usm.my/61299/1/Mohd%20Fahmin%20Kamarul%20Zaman-D.pdf
_version_	1818647389584490496

The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes in Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (WPKL), Malaysia

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