A secure HEVC video watermarking scheme for authentication and copyright purposes
High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) becomes one of the widely deployed standards for multimedia applications. However, HEVC streams can be easily tampered by any third party, which negatively affects the authentication and copyright protection. Existing watermarking schemes used for copyright...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English English |
| Published: |
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/883/1/24p%20ALI%20ABDULHAFID%20ELROWAYATI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/883/2/ALI%20ABDULHAFID%20ELROWAYATI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/883/3/ALI%20ABDULHAFID%20ELROWAYATI%20WATERMARK.pdf |
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| Summary: | High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) becomes one of the widely deployed
standards for multimedia applications. However, HEVC streams can be easily
tampered by any third party, which negatively affects the authentication and copyright
protection. Existing watermarking schemes used for copyright purpose are not able to
protect the copyright information, especially if the hosting video encountered some
intentional and/or unintentional attacks, such as recompression attack, lossy channel
attacks, signal processing attacks, frame deletion attack, and image processing attacks.
In addition, existing watermarking schemes used for authentication purpose are mostly
suffering from the inability to detect recompression attack, especially if it uses the
same quantisation parameters as the original compression. Further, existing
watermarking schemes are suffering from the inability to locate tampering in videos.
Moreover, some of those schemes could allow unauthorized access over an insecure
channel, which is considered a serious security issue. In order to solve these issues,
two HEVC video watermarking schemes are proposed; (1) a zero-fragile
watermarking scheme based on sensitive watermarking zone and (2) a robust
watermarking based on invariant watermarking zone. Additionally, the error
correction code and cryptography techniques are applied to the watermark information
to increase robustness and security over insecure channels. The first proposed scheme
shows enough sensitivity to successfully detect video tampering, distinguish between
intentional and unintentional attacks, and differentiate between first and second video
compression at different bitrate, with accuracy improvement up to 42% compared to
the-state-of-the-art schemes. Moreover, the second proposed scheme shows significant
improvement; up to 8.23% of robustness against recompression attack, 95% against
channel noise attacks, and 5.37% against frame deletion attack compared to the state�of-the-art schemes. Additionally, both proposed schemes are capable to maintain high
visual quality, minimum bitrate increase, and high embedding capacity. Furthermore,
both proposed schemes can localise tampering and prevent unauthorized access to
watermarked information even over insecure channels. |
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