Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions

Many methods and sensors have been developed for crack detection in concrete structures and for earthquake ground motion detection, respectively. In a previous study, a seismo-accelerometer based on spring-mass strong motion seismo-accelerograph has been developed for the purpose of detecting earthq...

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Main Author:	Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101553/1/SkMuizSkAbdRazakPSKA2022.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.1015532023-06-26T02:05:49Z Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions 2022 Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Many methods and sensors have been developed for crack detection in concrete structures and for earthquake ground motion detection, respectively. In a previous study, a seismo-accelerometer based on spring-mass strong motion seismo-accelerograph has been developed for the purpose of detecting earthquake waves travelling through the earth crust from the epicenter at faultline. This study aims to apply the method developed in previous study to detect wave from crack initiation point on the surface of plate and shell concrete as a new alternative for initial crack detection method. This study focused on the development of a downscaled seismo-accelerometer of previous study for better ease of use. Concrete plate and shell specimens were selected in this study as the travel of wave from crack initiation point in the specimen mimic to that of earthquake waves travelling through the earth crust from the epicenter at the faultline. Magnetometer technology and spring-mass system formed the fundamental design aspect of the seismo-accelerometer. In Objective 1, the seismo-accelerometer was designed using Finite Element Modelling to attain natural period of 1 second, required for spring-mass based strong motion accelerograph. The modelling yield natural period of 0.99475 second and verified experimentally with Harmonic Shake Table test yielding 1.2 seconds, which is in the acceptable range. Ground motion test was carried out at Ranau Meteorological Station and the results were compared with international earthquake database. Earthquakes detected are in Sabah and nearby regions. Crack induction tests on factory-ready concrete plate and shell specimens were carried out in Objective 2, where the results shown that the concept of ground motion detection can be used for crack detection purposes. The crack detection equations for factory-ready concrete plate and shell are Mcrack,plate = log10A + 0.6919 and Mcrack,shell = log10A + 0.7115, respectively. Objective 3 provides the proof that the ground motion detection can be applied for crack detection based on crack wave attenuation on structures such as concrete plate and shell which have the same configuration as earth crust, where the earthquakes occur. Thus, the seismo-accelerometer developed in the study can be used for earthquake ground motion detection if placed on the bedrock or ground, and can be used for crack detection if placed on structures with similar configuration to earth crust such as concrete plate and shell structures. This contributes towards both Structural Health Monitoring and Seismic Monitoring apart from providing an alternative method to existing methods in both fields. 2022 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101553/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101553/1/SkMuizSkAbdRazakPSKA2022.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:150618 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
description	Many methods and sensors have been developed for crack detection in concrete structures and for earthquake ground motion detection, respectively. In a previous study, a seismo-accelerometer based on spring-mass strong motion seismo-accelerograph has been developed for the purpose of detecting earthquake waves travelling through the earth crust from the epicenter at faultline. This study aims to apply the method developed in previous study to detect wave from crack initiation point on the surface of plate and shell concrete as a new alternative for initial crack detection method. This study focused on the development of a downscaled seismo-accelerometer of previous study for better ease of use. Concrete plate and shell specimens were selected in this study as the travel of wave from crack initiation point in the specimen mimic to that of earthquake waves travelling through the earth crust from the epicenter at the faultline. Magnetometer technology and spring-mass system formed the fundamental design aspect of the seismo-accelerometer. In Objective 1, the seismo-accelerometer was designed using Finite Element Modelling to attain natural period of 1 second, required for spring-mass based strong motion accelerograph. The modelling yield natural period of 0.99475 second and verified experimentally with Harmonic Shake Table test yielding 1.2 seconds, which is in the acceptable range. Ground motion test was carried out at Ranau Meteorological Station and the results were compared with international earthquake database. Earthquakes detected are in Sabah and nearby regions. Crack induction tests on factory-ready concrete plate and shell specimens were carried out in Objective 2, where the results shown that the concept of ground motion detection can be used for crack detection purposes. The crack detection equations for factory-ready concrete plate and shell are Mcrack,plate = log10A + 0.6919 and Mcrack,shell = log10A + 0.7115, respectively. Objective 3 provides the proof that the ground motion detection can be applied for crack detection based on crack wave attenuation on structures such as concrete plate and shell which have the same configuration as earth crust, where the earthquakes occur. Thus, the seismo-accelerometer developed in the study can be used for earthquake ground motion detection if placed on the bedrock or ground, and can be used for crack detection if placed on structures with similar configuration to earth crust such as concrete plate and shell structures. This contributes towards both Structural Health Monitoring and Seismic Monitoring apart from providing an alternative method to existing methods in both fields.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz
author_facet	Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz
author_sort	Sk. Abd. Razak, Sk. Muiz
title	Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
title_short	Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
title_full	Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
title_fullStr	Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
title_full_unstemmed	Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
title_sort	initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101553/1/SkMuizSkAbdRazakPSKA2022.pdf
_version_	1776100725440380928

Initial crack detection in concrete plate and shell structures using concept of earthquake ground motions

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