The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling

The location and size of tracheal stenosis are among the major factors that contribute significantly to the breathing difficulties. It is crucial to understand the relationship between the two factors. Hence, this study aims to establish correlation between the location and size of the stenosis to t...

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Main Author:	Johari, Nasrul Hadi
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2011
Subjects:	T Technology (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/28233/1/NasrulHadiJohariMFKM2011.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.28233
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.282332018-08-26T04:53:09Z The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling 2011-11 Johari, Nasrul Hadi T Technology (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery The location and size of tracheal stenosis are among the major factors that contribute significantly to the breathing difficulties. It is crucial to understand the relationship between the two factors. Hence, this study aims to establish correlation between the location and size of the stenosis to the possibility of breathing difficulties. This work used ideal trachea model and realistic trachea model derived from Computed Tomography (CT) scan images. The stenosis was patched to the healthy trachea models at regular locations and sizes as proposed by medical practitioners. All models were then subjected to different steady breathing conditions. The changes in the flow behavior due to the different sizes and locations of the stenosis were then examined to determine the pattern of possible breathing difficulties. The results showed that, during high flow rates, the presence of stenosis was observed to produce moderate (-150 Pa) to severe (-440 Pa) pressure drop as the locations of stenosis moved closer to the bifurcation for both actual and simplified models. Two stages of pressure drop behavior also appeared consistently as the lumen became smaller at all sites. For all cases studied, significant changes in the velocity pattern were observed suggesting distorted flow rates into the bifurcation. The present simulation confirms that the overall flow behavior could be significantly affected if the size of stenosis is more than 60% for location far from the bifurcation region, and at size of 50% for location close to the bifurcation region. The outcomes of this study may help the medical practitioners and researchers to understand how dramatic increase in pressure drops occurs inside the trachea and main bronchi with the presence of stenosis at different location and size. 2011-11 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/28233/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/28233/1/NasrulHadiJohariMFKM2011.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	T Technology (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Johari, Nasrul Hadi The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
description	The location and size of tracheal stenosis are among the major factors that contribute significantly to the breathing difficulties. It is crucial to understand the relationship between the two factors. Hence, this study aims to establish correlation between the location and size of the stenosis to the possibility of breathing difficulties. This work used ideal trachea model and realistic trachea model derived from Computed Tomography (CT) scan images. The stenosis was patched to the healthy trachea models at regular locations and sizes as proposed by medical practitioners. All models were then subjected to different steady breathing conditions. The changes in the flow behavior due to the different sizes and locations of the stenosis were then examined to determine the pattern of possible breathing difficulties. The results showed that, during high flow rates, the presence of stenosis was observed to produce moderate (-150 Pa) to severe (-440 Pa) pressure drop as the locations of stenosis moved closer to the bifurcation for both actual and simplified models. Two stages of pressure drop behavior also appeared consistently as the lumen became smaller at all sites. For all cases studied, significant changes in the velocity pattern were observed suggesting distorted flow rates into the bifurcation. The present simulation confirms that the overall flow behavior could be significantly affected if the size of stenosis is more than 60% for location far from the bifurcation region, and at size of 50% for location close to the bifurcation region. The outcomes of this study may help the medical practitioners and researchers to understand how dramatic increase in pressure drops occurs inside the trachea and main bronchi with the presence of stenosis at different location and size.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Johari, Nasrul Hadi
author_facet	Johari, Nasrul Hadi
author_sort	Johari, Nasrul Hadi
title	The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
title_short	The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
title_full	The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
title_fullStr	The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
title_sort	effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
publishDate	2011
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/28233/1/NasrulHadiJohariMFKM2011.pdf
_version_	1747815603861716992

The effect of tracheal stenosis on airflow using numerical modelling

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