Interaksi dinamika budaya dan ekonomi dalam amalan pertanian di Sulawesi Selatan
The general view and culture of the people of South Sulawesi could be seen through their paddy planting culture and customs. Their high regard towards the world and the creator is evident in their daily lives and their emotional relationships with their paddy fields. This could be observed in the tu...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/61054/1/AlhamRSyahrunaPFM2015.pdf |
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| Summary: | The general view and culture of the people of South Sulawesi could be seen through their paddy planting culture and customs. Their high regard towards the world and the creator is evident in their daily lives and their emotional relationships with their paddy fields. This could be observed in the tudang sipulung custom, a ritual which is still being practiced since the pre-green revolution period. The paddy planters would usually hold discussions before going to the fields. After the green revolution, paddy yield increased but the negotiating power was still low and did not benefit the farmers. Numerous studies have found that the revolution with all its institutions and technology had created social classes in the rural community. This study aims at identifying the factors which transformed agricultural values to economic ones. It also determines how the development of the paddy and rice sector, which is influenced by the agricultural culture, has an impact on the socio-economy of South Sulawesi. Interviews involving eight respondents from Gowa, Takalar, Sidrap and Pinrang regions were done and a focus group discussion was conducted. Four farmers from Sidrap and Pinrang and another four from Gowa and Takalar were interviewed. This study found that the agricultural culture is no longer practised in South Sulawesi, although there are indications that it is still being practised in Gowa, Takalar, Sidrap and Pinrang. Findings also showed that there were adaptations to the local culture except for tudang sipulung. This is due to the change in the villagers’ paradigm (technology, modernization, innovation and economic needs), as well as religious requirements and government policy. It was also found that tudang sipulung plays a role in determining the minimum profit margin of the farmers. Their income can be further increased if integrated with other agricultural institutions such as the village cooperatives. In addition, the tudang sipulung culture plays a significant role in contributing to an increased yield and income which has an indirect effect on the economic growth of South Sulawesi. This could be seen in their ability to purchase cars, make improvements on their dwellings, the ability to support their chldrens’ schooling, as well as payment of taxes and zakat. In general this has positive effects on the government, education and the farming community. The most significant implication of the study is the role of the tudang sipulung culture on the socio-economic development of South Sulawesi. |
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