Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam

Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully...

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Main Author:	Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2014
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.782932018-08-03T08:47:12Z Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam 2014-03 Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz TP Chemical technology Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully prepared via two steps-direct mixing method. Firstly, POP and DAP-MMT were mixed in a flask and stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes to form a homogenous solution. Then, silicone surfactant and distilled water were added and further stirred for 2 minutes to form a pre-mixture. Later, p-MDI was added into the pre-mixture under high speed stirring at 1500 rpm for 45 seconds before charged into a mould. Fourier transform infrared energy peaks at 1533 cm-1, 1218 cm-1 and 1731 cm-1 of N-H, C-N and C=O groups confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. PU foam was prepared at 1:1 diisocyanate: polyol (NCO:OH) ratio exhibited a comparable compressive strength (4969 kPa) with the control PU (4999 kPa). Meanwhile the amount of silicone surfactant as a foam stabilizer at 2 part per hundred polyol (pphp) showed the highest compressive strength (8452 kPa) with uniform and finer cell size. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that samples with DAP-MMT contents at 2 wt % and 4 wt. % exhibited exfoliated structure while the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the reduction of cell size of each sample. This morphology effect was clearly manifested on the sample with 4 wt. % MMT loading that had the highest compression strength and density which were 19648 kPa and 0.13 gcm-3. Results from water absorption test revealed that samples with 6 wt. % MMT loadings had about 31% reduction of water uptake against that of pure PU foam. 2014-03 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78293/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:79495 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
description	Issues on environmental impact and sustainability have driven the development of rigid polyurethane (PU)-palm oil based polyol (POP) /diaminopropane (DAP)-montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite foam. PU rigid foam derived from POP and polymeric 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (p-MDI), was successfully prepared via two steps-direct mixing method. Firstly, POP and DAP-MMT were mixed in a flask and stirred at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes to form a homogenous solution. Then, silicone surfactant and distilled water were added and further stirred for 2 minutes to form a pre-mixture. Later, p-MDI was added into the pre-mixture under high speed stirring at 1500 rpm for 45 seconds before charged into a mould. Fourier transform infrared energy peaks at 1533 cm-1, 1218 cm-1 and 1731 cm-1 of N-H, C-N and C=O groups confirmed the formation of urethane linkages. PU foam was prepared at 1:1 diisocyanate: polyol (NCO:OH) ratio exhibited a comparable compressive strength (4969 kPa) with the control PU (4999 kPa). Meanwhile the amount of silicone surfactant as a foam stabilizer at 2 part per hundred polyol (pphp) showed the highest compressive strength (8452 kPa) with uniform and finer cell size. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that samples with DAP-MMT contents at 2 wt % and 4 wt. % exhibited exfoliated structure while the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the reduction of cell size of each sample. This morphology effect was clearly manifested on the sample with 4 wt. % MMT loading that had the highest compression strength and density which were 19648 kPa and 0.13 gcm-3. Results from water absorption test revealed that samples with 6 wt. % MMT loadings had about 31% reduction of water uptake against that of pure PU foam.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz
author_facet	Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz
author_sort	Nik Pauzi, Nik Nurfatmah Pz
title	Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
title_short	Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
title_full	Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
title_fullStr	Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
publishDate	2014
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78293/1/NikNurfatimahPZNikPauziMFCHE20141.pdf
_version_	1747817954112700416

Synthesis and characterization of rigid polyurethane-palm oil based polyol/diaminopropane-montmorillonite nanocomposite foam

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