The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature

The ability of garnet to be recycled makes garnet suitable for many industrial purposes. When the recycled garnet can no longer be reused in the ship cleaning process, garnet is removed from the shipyards and named as “spent garnet”. This has resulted in millions of tons of spent garnet disposed in...

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Main Author:	Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79381/1/MohammadIqbalKhiyonMFKA2018.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.79381
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spelling	my-utm-ep.793812018-10-14T08:45:07Z The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature 2018 Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) The ability of garnet to be recycled makes garnet suitable for many industrial purposes. When the recycled garnet can no longer be reused in the ship cleaning process, garnet is removed from the shipyards and named as “spent garnet”. This has resulted in millions of tons of spent garnet disposed in landfill, quarries, oceans and rivers, thus causing environmental problems. The rapid growth of construction industry has leading to the over exploitation of riverbeds. This scenario affects the environment which includes reduction of water quality and destabilization of the stream bed and banks. In this study the spent garnet was used as sand replacement in high strength concrete production. Several laboratory tests were done to determine the characteristics of spent garnet in terms of physical and chemical properties. Trial mix design and evaluation on fresh and hardened properties of high strength concrete were examined to achieve concrete strength 60 MPa at 28 days. Series of the concrete were prepared with a replacement of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% by using spent garnet as a sand replacement with a water cement ratio of 0.33 and 0.33% of superplasticizer from the weight of cement was added to get the desired slump 60-180 mm. Workability of the concrete was studied in addition to hardened properties and durability of the concrete at ambient and elevated temperature. Furthermore, microstructural test which is Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) also was done in this research. Finally, the effect of concrete cover when exposed to elevated temperature and the bonding effect between concrete and steel at ambient temperature was determined. Results showed that at 20% and 40% replacement, the compressive strength of the concrete at 28 days were 62.55 MPa and 63.91 MPa, respectively, which is 3.8% and 6% higher than high strength concrete (HSC). High strength concrete mix consisting of 40% spent garnet using different concrete cover thickness subjected to elevated temperature and bonding effect with steel was investigated. From the fire test, 40% of spent garnet gives slightly better protection for steel bar when exposed to elevated temperature compared to HSC. For pull-out test, the results shows that using 40% of spent garnet gives higher bond strength compared to HSC. The failure mode for 50 mm concrete cover shows pull-out failure while 20 and 37.5 mm concrete cover shows splitting failure. Considering the test results, 40% of spent garnet as sand replacement in high strength concrete showed excellent performance in term of strength of concrete subjected to fire. 2018 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79381/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79381/1/MohammadIqbalKhiyonMFKA2018.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
description	The ability of garnet to be recycled makes garnet suitable for many industrial purposes. When the recycled garnet can no longer be reused in the ship cleaning process, garnet is removed from the shipyards and named as “spent garnet”. This has resulted in millions of tons of spent garnet disposed in landfill, quarries, oceans and rivers, thus causing environmental problems. The rapid growth of construction industry has leading to the over exploitation of riverbeds. This scenario affects the environment which includes reduction of water quality and destabilization of the stream bed and banks. In this study the spent garnet was used as sand replacement in high strength concrete production. Several laboratory tests were done to determine the characteristics of spent garnet in terms of physical and chemical properties. Trial mix design and evaluation on fresh and hardened properties of high strength concrete were examined to achieve concrete strength 60 MPa at 28 days. Series of the concrete were prepared with a replacement of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% by using spent garnet as a sand replacement with a water cement ratio of 0.33 and 0.33% of superplasticizer from the weight of cement was added to get the desired slump 60-180 mm. Workability of the concrete was studied in addition to hardened properties and durability of the concrete at ambient and elevated temperature. Furthermore, microstructural test which is Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) also was done in this research. Finally, the effect of concrete cover when exposed to elevated temperature and the bonding effect between concrete and steel at ambient temperature was determined. Results showed that at 20% and 40% replacement, the compressive strength of the concrete at 28 days were 62.55 MPa and 63.91 MPa, respectively, which is 3.8% and 6% higher than high strength concrete (HSC). High strength concrete mix consisting of 40% spent garnet using different concrete cover thickness subjected to elevated temperature and bonding effect with steel was investigated. From the fire test, 40% of spent garnet gives slightly better protection for steel bar when exposed to elevated temperature compared to HSC. For pull-out test, the results shows that using 40% of spent garnet gives higher bond strength compared to HSC. The failure mode for 50 mm concrete cover shows pull-out failure while 20 and 37.5 mm concrete cover shows splitting failure. Considering the test results, 40% of spent garnet as sand replacement in high strength concrete showed excellent performance in term of strength of concrete subjected to fire.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal
author_facet	Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal
author_sort	Khiyon, Mohammad Iqbal
title	The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
title_short	The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
title_full	The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
title_fullStr	The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
title_sort	effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79381/1/MohammadIqbalKhiyonMFKA2018.pdf
_version_	1747818214701662208

The effects of spent garnet in high strength concrete subjected to elevated temperature

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