Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals

In order to increase the oil recovery factor, enhanced oil recovery method has been used to exploit residual oil from the reservoirs. Chemical enhanced oil recovery is one of the proven useful techniques which include injection of surfactant to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension. Recently, the...

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Main Author:	Hashim Abbas, Azza
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/80910/1/AzzaHashimAbbasPFChE2018.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.809102019-07-24T00:10:36Z Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals 2018-10 Hashim Abbas, Azza TP Chemical technology In order to increase the oil recovery factor, enhanced oil recovery method has been used to exploit residual oil from the reservoirs. Chemical enhanced oil recovery is one of the proven useful techniques which include injection of surfactant to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension. Recently, the applicability of surfactant to tolerate high salinity and high temperature conditions has resulted in investigation of the new proposed surfactant called aerosol-OT. In this study, the role of clay mineral on aerosol-OT surfactant adsorption, the effect of mineralogical composition and clay mineral percentage on the surfactant adsorption and the effect of salinity and temperature on the adsorption quantity were investigated. Finally, the study examines the effectiveness of alkali lignin as a sacrificial agent for reducing aerosol- OT dynamic adsorption. The experiments were divided into three parts including static adsorption batch experiments, dynamic adsorption in sandpack flood and dynamic adsorption after preflush using alkali lignin. Results of static tests showed that aerosol-OT adsorbed on both sand and clay minerals. Increasing the clay percentage resulted in increase the adsorption, while the increases in temperature reduced the adsorption. The results of adsorption test revealed that the highest adsorption was on kaolinite while the adsorption on illite and montmorillonite surface was significant and should not be ignored. Meanwhile, the adsorption reached its highest value (21 g/kg) in salinity of 60,000 ppm sodium chloride at 25 °C. The dynamic adsorption results showed higher adsorption compared to the static adsorption under the same condition while the increasing trend order remained the same. The maximum adsorption at the dynamic condition was 44 g/kg at the 7% kaolinite sandpack. The alkali lignin was effective to reduce the aerosol-OT adsorption between 25% up to 65% during the dynamic flow. The findings of this study are useful to understand the aerosol-OT adsorption at the reservoir condition and the lignin efficiency as sacrificial agent in reducing aerosol-OT adsorption for further usage in chemical enhanced oil recovery application. 2018-10 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/80910/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/80910/1/AzzaHashimAbbasPFChE2018.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:119188 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Hashim Abbas, Azza Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
description	In order to increase the oil recovery factor, enhanced oil recovery method has been used to exploit residual oil from the reservoirs. Chemical enhanced oil recovery is one of the proven useful techniques which include injection of surfactant to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension. Recently, the applicability of surfactant to tolerate high salinity and high temperature conditions has resulted in investigation of the new proposed surfactant called aerosol-OT. In this study, the role of clay mineral on aerosol-OT surfactant adsorption, the effect of mineralogical composition and clay mineral percentage on the surfactant adsorption and the effect of salinity and temperature on the adsorption quantity were investigated. Finally, the study examines the effectiveness of alkali lignin as a sacrificial agent for reducing aerosol- OT dynamic adsorption. The experiments were divided into three parts including static adsorption batch experiments, dynamic adsorption in sandpack flood and dynamic adsorption after preflush using alkali lignin. Results of static tests showed that aerosol-OT adsorbed on both sand and clay minerals. Increasing the clay percentage resulted in increase the adsorption, while the increases in temperature reduced the adsorption. The results of adsorption test revealed that the highest adsorption was on kaolinite while the adsorption on illite and montmorillonite surface was significant and should not be ignored. Meanwhile, the adsorption reached its highest value (21 g/kg) in salinity of 60,000 ppm sodium chloride at 25 °C. The dynamic adsorption results showed higher adsorption compared to the static adsorption under the same condition while the increasing trend order remained the same. The maximum adsorption at the dynamic condition was 44 g/kg at the 7% kaolinite sandpack. The alkali lignin was effective to reduce the aerosol-OT adsorption between 25% up to 65% during the dynamic flow. The findings of this study are useful to understand the aerosol-OT adsorption at the reservoir condition and the lignin efficiency as sacrificial agent in reducing aerosol-OT adsorption for further usage in chemical enhanced oil recovery application.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Hashim Abbas, Azza
author_facet	Hashim Abbas, Azza
author_sort	Hashim Abbas, Azza
title	Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
title_short	Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
title_full	Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
title_fullStr	Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
title_full_unstemmed	Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
title_sort	lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/80910/1/AzzaHashimAbbasPFChE2018.pdf
_version_	1747818279521484800

Lignin as per flush reducing gemini surfactant adsorption on clay minerals

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