Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective

The community tourism approach has become a popular consideration for acquiring active community participation in natural resource management, particularly in mitigating impacts of unsustainable livelihood practices. In Sri Lanka, even though tourism is not new, its potential in delivering benefits...

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Main Author:	Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2011
Subjects:	GV Recreation Leisure
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/1/Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/2/1.Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf
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id	my-uum-etd.2791
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Kasim, Azilah
topic	GV Recreation Leisure
spellingShingle	GV Recreation Leisure Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
description	The community tourism approach has become a popular consideration for acquiring active community participation in natural resource management, particularly in mitigating impacts of unsustainable livelihood practices. In Sri Lanka, even though tourism is not new, its potential in delivering benefits to the local community is still a subject of great debate. The problem central to this study evolves from this scenario. The study investigated the community environmental and tourism initiatives (CETIs) in Sri Lanka and their effectiveness in establishing and maintaining relationships between participatory natural resource management efforts and tourism, and to stimulate alternating livelihoods of the marginalised communities. This exploratory study employed qualitative methodology and followed the case study approach which allows the use of mixed-method techniques for the data collection. Presentation and analysis were based on evidence from multiple (six) cases which provided adequate background for critical understanding. The study found that CETIs in Sri Lanka are better at improving awareness in sustainable use of natural resources than at empowering local communities to become self-reliant. The CETIs failed to facilitate community access to benefits of developing tourism in their respective localities, thereby denying them of raised incomes and improved standards of living. Identified barriers of long term success of CETIs include weaknesses in planning processes, lack of supportive policy and institutional framework, generic issues in environmental legislation, inadequate industry linkages, top-down decision-making, lack of domestic capital formation, and limitations in rural labour and shortcomings in capacity development. Some CETIs were found to have collapsed due to weak internal organisation and management, while others survived merely due to their close proximity to existing tourist regions/routes. Inconsistent financial performance due to seasonality of tourism and the overall performance of country's tourism industry were the reasons for the above scenarios. Based on the findings, the study highlighted the pressing need for decisive measures at policy and planning level, and proposed a model of an environment that could be conducive for communities to participate successfully in tourism development in Sri Lanka.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj
author_facet	Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj
author_sort	Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj
title	Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
title_short	Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
title_full	Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
title_fullStr	Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective
title_sort	community environmental and tourism initiatives: a case from sri lankan perspective
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	College of Law, Government and International Studies (COLGIS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/1/Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/2/1.Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf
_version_	1747827430029000704
spelling	my-uum-etd.27912016-04-27T07:53:46Z Community Environmental and Tourism Initiatives: A Case From Sri Lankan Perspective 2011 Ratnayake, Konara Mudiyanselage Monju Iraj Kasim, Azilah College of Law, Government and International Studies (COLGIS) Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Sciences GV Recreation Leisure The community tourism approach has become a popular consideration for acquiring active community participation in natural resource management, particularly in mitigating impacts of unsustainable livelihood practices. In Sri Lanka, even though tourism is not new, its potential in delivering benefits to the local community is still a subject of great debate. The problem central to this study evolves from this scenario. The study investigated the community environmental and tourism initiatives (CETIs) in Sri Lanka and their effectiveness in establishing and maintaining relationships between participatory natural resource management efforts and tourism, and to stimulate alternating livelihoods of the marginalised communities. This exploratory study employed qualitative methodology and followed the case study approach which allows the use of mixed-method techniques for the data collection. Presentation and analysis were based on evidence from multiple (six) cases which provided adequate background for critical understanding. The study found that CETIs in Sri Lanka are better at improving awareness in sustainable use of natural resources than at empowering local communities to become self-reliant. The CETIs failed to facilitate community access to benefits of developing tourism in their respective localities, thereby denying them of raised incomes and improved standards of living. Identified barriers of long term success of CETIs include weaknesses in planning processes, lack of supportive policy and institutional framework, generic issues in environmental legislation, inadequate industry linkages, top-down decision-making, lack of domestic capital formation, and limitations in rural labour and shortcomings in capacity development. Some CETIs were found to have collapsed due to weak internal organisation and management, while others survived merely due to their close proximity to existing tourist regions/routes. Inconsistent financial performance due to seasonality of tourism and the overall performance of country's tourism industry were the reasons for the above scenarios. Based on the findings, the study highlighted the pressing need for decisive measures at policy and planning level, and proposed a model of an environment that could be conducive for communities to participate successfully in tourism development in Sri Lanka. 2011 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/1/Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf application/pdf eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/2791/2/1.Konara_Mudiyanselage_Monju.pdf application/pdf eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Addison, L. (1996). An Approach to Community-based Tourism Planning in the Baffin Region, Canada’s Far North: A Retrospective. In L.C. Harrison and W. Husbands (Eds.). Practising Responsible Tourism: International Case Studies in Tourism Planning, Policy and Development (pp. 296-312). USA: John Wiley & Sons. Amy, D. (1987). The Politics of Environmental Mediation. New York: Columbia University Press. Andereck, K.L., Valentine, K.M., Knopf, R.C. and Vogt, C.A. (2005). 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