Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms

Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms

Most software development organizations are small firms, and they have realized the need to manage and improve their software development and management activities. Traditional Software Process Improvement (SPI) models and standards are not realistic for these firms because of high cost, limited res...

وصف كامل

محفوظ في:
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
المؤلف الرئيسي: Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef
التنسيق: أطروحة
اللغة:eng
eng
منشور في: 2013
الموضوعات:
QA76 Computer software
الوصول للمادة أونلاين:https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/1/s91412.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/7/s91412.pdf
الوسوم: إضافة وسم
لا توجد وسوم, كن أول من يضع وسما على هذه التسجيلة!
id my-uum-etd.3881
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
advisor Abdullah, Mohd Syazwan
topic QA76 Computer software
spellingShingle QA76 Computer software
Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef
Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
description Most software development organizations are small firms, and they have realized the need to manage and improve their software development and management activities. Traditional Software Process Improvement (SPI) models and standards are not realistic for these firms because of high cost, limited resources and strict project deadlines. Therefore, these firms need a lightweight software development method and an appropriate SPI model to manage and improve their software development and management processes. This study aims to construct a suitable software development process improvement framework for Small Software Development Firms (SSDFs) based on eXtreme Programming (XP) method and Capability Maturity Model Integration for Development Version 1.2 (CMMI-Dev1.2) model. Four stages are involved in developing the framework: (1) aligning XP practices to the specific goals of CMMI-Dev1.2 Key Process Areas (KPAs); (2) developing the proposed software development process improvement framework based on extending XP method by adapting the Extension-Based Approach (EBA), CMMI-Dev1.2, and generic elements of the SPI framework; (3) verifying the compatibility of the proposed framework to the KPAs of CMMI-Dev1.2 by using focus group method coupled with Delphi technique; and (4) validating the modified framework by using CMMI-Dev1.2 questionnaire as a main item to validate the suitability of the modified framework for SSDFs, and conducting two case studies to validate the applicability and effectiveness of this framework for these firms. The result of aligning XP practices to the KPAs of CMMI-Dev1.2 shows that twelve KPAs are largely supported by XP practices, eight KPAs are partially supported by XP practices, and two KPAs are not-supported by XP practices. The main contributions of this study are: software development process improvement framework for SSDFs, elicit better understanding of how to construct the framework, and quality improvement of the software development processes. There are possible avenues for extending this research to fulfil the missing specific practices of several KPAs, examining other agile practices and using CMMI-Dev1.3 to improve the framework, and conducting more case studies
format Thesis
qualification_name Ph.D.
qualification_level Doctorate
author Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef
author_facet Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef
author_sort Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef
title Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
title_short Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
title_full Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
title_fullStr Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
title_full_unstemmed Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms
title_sort harmonizing cmmi-dev 1.2 and xp method to improve the software development processes in small software development firms
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts & Sciences
publishDate 2013
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/1/s91412.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/7/s91412.pdf
_version_ 1776103627163697152
spelling my-uum-etd.38812022-11-23T02:33:56Z Harmonizing CMMI-DEV 1.2 and XP Method to Improve The Software Development Processes in Small Software Development Firms 2013 Al-Tarawneh, Mejhem Yousef Abdullah, Mohd Syazwan Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts & Sciences Awang Had Salleh Graduate School of Arts and Sciences QA76 Computer software Most software development organizations are small firms, and they have realized the need to manage and improve their software development and management activities. Traditional Software Process Improvement (SPI) models and standards are not realistic for these firms because of high cost, limited resources and strict project deadlines. Therefore, these firms need a lightweight software development method and an appropriate SPI model to manage and improve their software development and management processes. This study aims to construct a suitable software development process improvement framework for Small Software Development Firms (SSDFs) based on eXtreme Programming (XP) method and Capability Maturity Model Integration for Development Version 1.2 (CMMI-Dev1.2) model. Four stages are involved in developing the framework: (1) aligning XP practices to the specific goals of CMMI-Dev1.2 Key Process Areas (KPAs); (2) developing the proposed software development process improvement framework based on extending XP method by adapting the Extension-Based Approach (EBA), CMMI-Dev1.2, and generic elements of the SPI framework; (3) verifying the compatibility of the proposed framework to the KPAs of CMMI-Dev1.2 by using focus group method coupled with Delphi technique; and (4) validating the modified framework by using CMMI-Dev1.2 questionnaire as a main item to validate the suitability of the modified framework for SSDFs, and conducting two case studies to validate the applicability and effectiveness of this framework for these firms. The result of aligning XP practices to the KPAs of CMMI-Dev1.2 shows that twelve KPAs are largely supported by XP practices, eight KPAs are partially supported by XP practices, and two KPAs are not-supported by XP practices. The main contributions of this study are: software development process improvement framework for SSDFs, elicit better understanding of how to construct the framework, and quality improvement of the software development processes. There are possible avenues for extending this research to fulfil the missing specific practices of several KPAs, examining other agile practices and using CMMI-Dev1.3 to improve the framework, and conducting more case studies 2013 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/1/s91412.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/3881/7/s91412.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Abrahamsson, P., Salo, O., Ronkainen, J., and Warsta, J. (2002). Agile software development methods. Espoo: VTT Publications 478, Technical Research Centre of Finland. Finland. Agarwal, R., Umphress, D. (2008). Extreme Programming for a Single Person Team. In Proceeding of the 46th Annual Southeast Regional Conference held on 28-29 March 2008 at Aubrun, Al, USA (pp. 82-87). New York, USA: ACM. Al Hussaini, A. M. (2006).Web Engineering. Unpublished Research Course. College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AL-Allaf, O. (2008). A proposed hybrid web engineering process model for large-scale web-based application development in large web development enterprises methodology . Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Faculty of Information System and Technology, the Arab Academy of Banking and Financial Science, Amman, Jordan. Alegra, J., & Bastarrica, M. (2006). Implementing CMMI using a Combination of Agile Methods. Clei Electronic Journal, 9(1), 7-22. Alexandre, S., A. Renault, et al. (2006). OWPL: A Gradual Approach for Software Process Improvement In SMEs. In Proceedings of the 32nd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (EUROMICRO-SEAA'06) held on 29 Aug.- 1 Sept. 2006 at Cavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia (pp. 328-335). Croatia: IEEE 2006. Ali, R.Z.R.M., & Ibrahim, S. (2010). An iSPA model evaluation based on critical success factors and selected criteria to support Malaysia's SME environment. In Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Software Engineering and Data Mining (SEDM) held on 23-25 June 2010 at Chengdu, China (pp.225-230). IEEE. Alite, B., Spasibenko , N. (2008). Project Suitability for Agile methodologies. Unpublished Master Thesis, Umea University, Umeå School of Business, Sweden. Allen, P., Ramachandran, M., & Abushama, H. (2003).PRISMS: an approach to software process improvement for small to medium enterprises. In Proceedings of Third International Conference on Quality Software (QSIC’03) held on 6-7 November 2003 at Dallas, TX, USA (pp. 211-214). USA: IEEE Computer Society 2003. Alshammari, F. H., Ahmad, R. (2010). The effect of geographical region on the duration of CMMI-based software process improvement initiatives: An empirical study. In Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Software Technology and Engineering (ICSTE) held on 3-5 October 2010 at San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA. Vol. 2, (pp. V2-97-V2-100). USA: IEEE 2010. Altarawneh, H., Amro, S. (2008). Software Process Improvement In Small Jordanian Software Development Firms. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research (BIR’2008) held on 25-26 Sept. 2008 at the University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland (pp 175-189). Poland: University of Gdańsk. Altarawneh, H., El Shiekh, A. (2008). A Theoretical Agile Process Framework for Web Applications Development in Small Software Firms. In Proceeding of the Sixth International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications held on 20-22 Aug. 2008 at the Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (pp125-132). Czech Republic: IEEE Computer Society. Anacleto, A., Von Wangenheim, C., Salviano, C., & Savi, R. (2004). A method for process assessment in small software companies. In Proceeding of the 4th international SPICE conference on process assessment and improvement held on 27-29 April 2004 at the Estoril Congress Centre, Lespon, Portugal (pp. 69-76). Portugal: Estoril Congress Centre. Anderson, D. J. (2005). Stretching Agile to fit CMMI Level 3-the story of creating MSF for CMMI Process Improvement at Microsoft Corporation. In Proceeding of the Agile Development Conference (ADC'05) held on 24-29 July 2005 at Denver, CO, USA (pp. 193-201). USA: IEEE Computer Society. Baddoo, N., & Hall, T. (2002). Motivators of Software Process Improvement: an analysis of practitioners' views. Journal of Systems and Software, 62(2), 85-96. BAe, D. (2007). Panel: Software Process Improvement for Small Organizations . Paper presented at 31st Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference, Beijing, China. Baharom, F., Deraman, A., & Hamdan, A. (2006). A Survey on the current practices of software development process in Malaysia. Journal of ICT, 4, 57-76. Baird, S. (2002). Sams teach yourself extreme programming in 24 hours. USA: Sams Publishing. Bajec, M., Vavpotia, D., & Krisper, M. (2007). Practice-driven approach for creating project-specific software development methods. Information and Software Technology, 49(4), 345-365. Baker, S. (2005). Formalizing agility: an agile organization's journey toward CMMI accreditation. In Proceeding of the Agile Development Conference (ADC’05) held on 24-29 July 2005 at Denver, CO, USA (pp. 185-192). USA: IEEE Computer Society 2005. Baker, S. W., & Thomas, J. C. (2007). Agile principles as a leadership value system: How agile memes survive and thrive in a corporate it culture. In Proceeding of Agile Conference (AGILE’07) held on 13-17 Aug. 2007 at Washington D.C. (pp. 415-420). IEEE Computer society. Balandis, O., & Laurinskaite, L. (2005). Software Process Improvement in Lithuania-UAB Sintagma Case Study. Information Technology and Control, 34(2A), 195-201. Balkanski, P. (2003). QUALITY ASSURANCE IN EXTREME PROGRAMMING. International Journal of Information Theories & Applications. 1(1), 113-117. Baruah, A. (2012a). Contribution of Software Process Improvement Approaches For Small and Medium Scale Enterprises. International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research, 2(2), 1-10. Baruah, N. (2012b).Software Process Improvement (SPI) Expert In Small And Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). Unpublished Master Thesis, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala, India. Basri, S., & O'Connor, R. V. (2011). Knowledge Management in Software Process Improvement: A case study of very small entities. In M. Ramachandran (Eds.) Knowledge Engineering for Software Development Life Cycle: Support Technologies and Applications. (pp. 273-288). PA, Hershey, USA: IGI Global. Baxter, S. M., Day, S. W., Fetrow, J. S., & Reisinger, S. J. (2006). Scientific software development is not an oxymoron. PLoS Computational Biology, 2(9), e87, 975-978. Beck, k. (2000). Extreme programming explained: Embrace change (3rd ed.). Reading, Mass. Boston: addition-Wesley. Beck, K., Beedle, M., Van Bennekum, A., Cockburn, A., Cunningham, W., Fowler, M., et al. (2001). Manifesto for agile software development. Retrieved on 13 May 2009, from http://agilemanifesto.org/. Beitz, A., El-Emam, Kh., Jarvinen, J. (1999). A Business Focus to Assessments. In Proceeding of the European Conference on Software Process Improvement (SPI'99) held on 30 Nov. -3 Dec. 1999 at Barcelona, Spain (pp. 1-6). ACM New York, NY, USA. Bell, D. (2001). Software Engineering, A programming Approach (3rd ed.). New York: Addison Wesley. Bidad, C. D., & Campiseno, E. R. (2010). Community Extension Services Of Sucs In Region Ix: Basis For A Sustainable Community Enhancement Program. International Scientific Research Journal, 2(3), 235-343. Billinger, K. (2005). A focus group investigation of care provider perspectives in Swedish institutions for the coercive care of substance abusers. International Journal of Social Welfare, 14(1), 55-64. Birisci. S, Mentin, M. and Karakas, M. (2009). Prospective Elementary Teacher’s Attitudes Toward computer and internet use: A Sample from Turkey. World Applied Sciences Journal, 6(10), 1433-1440. Block, E., (1986). The comprehension strategies of second language readers. TESOL Quarterly, 20 (3), 463-494. Boas, G. V., da Rocha, A. R. C., & Pecegueiro do Amaral, M. (2010). An Approach to Implement Software Process Improvement in Small and Mid Sized Organizations. In Proceeding of the Seventh International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology held on 29 Sep - 2 Oct. 2010 at Porto, Portugal (pp. 447-452). Portugal: IEEE Computer Society 2010. Boehm, B. (1988). A Spiral Model of Software Development and Enhancement. IEEE Computer, 21(5), 61-72. Boehm, B. (2006). A view of 20th and 21st century software engineering. In Proceeding of the 28th international conference on Software Engineering held on 20-28 May 2006 at Keynote Talks Shanghai, China (pp. 12-29). USA: ACM. Boehm, B., & Turner, R. (2003). Balancing agility and discipline: A guide for the perplexed. Boston: AddisonYWesley. Booch, G., Rumbaugh, J., & Jacobson, I. (1999). The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. UK: Addison-Welsley Longman Inc. Bos, E., & Vriens, C. (2004). An agile CMM. Extreme Programming and Agile Methods-XP/Agile Universe, 1(1), 129-138. Brinkkemper, S. (1996). Method engineering: engineering of information systems development methods and tools. Information and Software Technology, 38(4), 275-280. Brown, N. (1999). High-Leverage Best Practices: What Hot Companies Are Doing to Stay Ahead. Cutter IT Journal, 12(9), 4-9. Bucci, G., Campanai, M. and Cignoni, G. A. (2001). Rapid Assessment to Solicit Process Improvement in Small and Medium-Sized Organizations. Software Quality Professional, 4 (1), 33-41. Bush, M., & Dunaway, D. (2005). CMMI (R) Assessments: Motivating Positive Change (Sei Series in Software Engineering). Murray, KY, U.S.A: Addison-Wesley Professional. Calvo-Manzano Villalan, J. A., Cuevas AgustÃn, G., San Feliu Gilabert, T., De Amescua Seco, A., GarcÃa Sánchez, L., & Pérez Cota, M. (2002). Experiences in the application of software process improvement in SMES. Software Quality Journal, 10(3), 261-273. Carter-Steel, A. (2001). Process Improvement in Four Small Companies. In Proceeding of the 13th Australian Software Engineering Conference (ASWEC'01) held on 27-28 Aug. 2001 at Canberra, Australia (pp. 262-272). Los Alamitos, California, Washington, Tokyo: IEEE Computer Society. Cater-Steel, A. (2002). Process capability assessments in small development firms. In Proceedings of IASTED 6thInternational Conference Software Engineering and Applications held on 4-6 Nov. 2002 at Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (pp. 737-42). ACTA Press: Anaheim, CA, USA. Cater-Steel, A. (2004a). An Evaluation Of Software Development Practice And Assessment-Based Process Improvement In Small Software Development Firms. Unpublished doctoral thesis, School of Computing and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Griffith University, Australia. Cater-Steel, A. (2004b). Low-rigour, rapid software process assessments for small software development firms. In Proceeding of the 2004 Australian Software Engineering Conference (ASWEC’04) held on 13-16 April 2004 at Melbourne, Australia (pp. 368-377). Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Cepeda, S., Garcia, S., & Langhout, J. (2008). Is CMMI Useful and Usable in Small Settings? One Example. The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, 21(2), 14-18. Chrissis, M., Konrad, M., & Shrum, S. (2003). CMMI Guidelines for Process Integration and Product Improvement. Boston, MA, USA: Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. Cignoni, G. A. (1999). Rapid Software Process Assessment to promote Innovation in SMEs. In Proceeding of the European Software Day (EUROMICRO'99) held on 8-10, Sept. 1999 at Milan, Italy (pp. 1-14). DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Clarke, P., & O’Connor, R. (2011). The influence of SPI on business success in software SMEs: An empirical study. Journal of Systems and Software, 1(1).1-28. CMMI Product Team (2002). Capability Maturity Model® Integration (CMMI), Version 1.1: CMMI for Systems Engineering, Software Engineering, Integrated Product and Process Development, and Supplier Sourcing, CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD/ SS, V1.1, Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh PA,USA. CMMI Product Team (2006). CMMI for Development, version 1.2. Preface (CMU/SEI-2006- TR-008). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, USA. CMMI Product Team. (2010). CMMI® for Development, Version 1.3 (CMMI-DEV, V1.3), Improving processes for developing better products and services, TECHNICAL REPORT, CMU/SEI-2010-TR-033, ESC-TR-2010-033. Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh PA, USA. Cockburn, A., & Highsmith, J. (2001). Agile software development, the people factor. Computer, 34(11), 131-133. Cohen, D., Lindvall, M., & Costa, P. (2004). An introduction to agile methods. Advances in Computers, 62, 1-66. Coram, M. and Bohner, S. (2005). The Impact of Agile Methods on Software Project Management. In Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS’05) held on 4-7 April 2005 at Greenbelt, MD, USA (pp. 363-370). IEEE Computer Society. Cruz Mendoza, R., Morales Trujillo, M., Morgado, C., Oktaba, H., Ibarguengoitia, G., Pino, F. J., et al. (2009). Supporting the software process improvement in very small entities through e-learning: the HEPALE! Project. In Proceeding of the Mexican International Conference on Computer Science (ENC 2009) held on 21-25 Sept. 2009 at UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico (pp. 221-231). DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Da Rocha, A., Montoni, M., Weber, K., & de Araujo, E. (2007). A Nationwide Program for Software Process Improvement in Brazil. In Proceeding of the Sixth International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology (QUATIC’2007) held on 12-14 Sept. 2007 at Lisbon New University, Portugal (pp. 449-460). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Dagnino, A., Cordes, A., & Smiley, K. (2009). Adapting rapidly to change using the IDEAL improvement model. ABB Corporate Research Raleigh, NC, USA. Retrieved on 4 May 2009, from http://library.abb.com/global/scot/scot 271.nsf/0cb8394a97bc4979c1256c6b004c4f2e/4735e42889ef82bfc 12575e4004bbbb0/$FILE/58-%202M974ENG7 2dpi.pdf. Dalkey, N. C., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9 (3), 458-467. Davis, A. M. (1993). Software Requirements: Objects, Functions, States. New Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall. Deep, A. (2012). An Empirical Study of Agile Software Development. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJLTET), 1(1), 35-40. Devesh, K. S., Durg, S. C., & Raghuraj, S. (2011). Square Model-A Proposed Software Process Model for BPO based Software Applications. International Journal of Computer Applications , 13(7), 33-36. Diez, D., Fernandez, C., Dodero, J., Diaz, P., & Aedo, I. (2007). Instructional Software Analysis: Lessons from Software Development Process Improvement. In Proceeding of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007) held on 18-20 July 2007 at Niigata, Japan (pp. 499-501). Los Alamitos, California, Washington, Tokyo: IEEE Computer Society. Dyba, T., & Dingsøyr. (2008). Empirical studies of agile software development: A systematic review. Information and Software Technology, 50(9-10), 833-859. Easterby-Smith M. and Thorpe R. and Lowe A. (1991).Management Research: An Introduction, London: Sage Publications Ltd. El Emam, K. & Briand, L. (1997). Costs and Benefits of Software Process Improvement. Technical Report ISERN 97-12, Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering, Germany. El Emam, K., Melo, W., & Drouin, J. (1999). SPICE: The theory and practice of software process improvement and capability determination. Press Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. El Sheikh, A., & Tarawneh, H. (2007). A survey of web engineering practice in small Jordanian web development firms. In Proceeding of the seventh European software engineering conference and the ACM SIGSOFT (ESEC/FSE’07) and the ACM SIG-SOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/SIGSOFT FSE) held on 3-7 Sept. 2007 at Cavtat near Dubrovnik. Dubrovnik, Croatia (pp. 481-490). New York, USA: ACM. Elshafey, L. A., & Galal-Edeen, G. (2008). Combining CMMI and Agile Methods. In Proceeding of the 6th International Conference on Informatics and Systems (INFOS2008) held on 27-28 March 2008 at Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Cairo University, Egypt (pp. SE-27- SE-39). Egypt: Cairo University Press. Erharuyi, E. (2007). Combining eXtreme Programming with ISO 9000: 2000 to Improve Nigerian Software Development Processes. Unpublished master thesis, School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. Evans, M. (2001). SPMN director identifies 16 critical software practices. CrossTalk, The Journal of Defense Software Engineering. March, 2001. 27-31. Fayad, M., Laitinen, M., & Ward, R. (2000). Thinking objectively: software engineering in the small. Communications of the ACM, 43(3), 118. Fernandeas, D. (2009). Study on the correlation between CMMI and agile practices and their application in SMEs. Unpublished Master Thesis, computer faculty, university Polytechnic of Madrid, Spain. Fogle, S., Loulis, C., & Neuendorf, B. (2001). The benchmarking process: one team's experience. Software, IEEE, 18(5), 40-47. Fowler, M., & Highsmith, J. (2001). The agile manifesto. Software Development, 9(8), 28-35. Fritzsche, M. , & Keil, P. (2007). Agile Methods and CMMI: Compatibility or Conflict?. E-Informatica Software Engineering Journal, 1(1). 9-26. Fruhling, A., & Vreede, G. (2006). Field experiences with eXtreme programming: Developing an emergency response system. Journal of Management Information Systems, 22(4), 39-68. Galinac, T. (2008). Analysis of Quality Management In Modern European Software Development. Electronic form only: NE Eng. Rev, 28(2), 65- 76. Garcia, I., Pacheco, C., & Andrade, G. (2010b) Applying the Psychometric Theory to Questionnaire-Based Appraisals for Software Process Improvement. In Proceeding of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications Montreal held on 24-26 May 2010 at Concordia University & l'École de technologie supérieure (ETS) Montreal, Canada (pp. 198-204) . Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Garcia, I., Pacheco, C., & Calvo-Manzano, J. (2010a). Using a web-based tool to define and implement software process improvement initiatives in a small industrial setting. Software, IET, 4(4), 237-251. Garrity, E.J., and Sanders, G.L. (1998). Information Systems Success Measurement. Hershey, USA: Idea Group Publishing. Gerami, M., & Ramsin, R. (2011). A framework for extending agile methodologies with aspect-oriented features. In Proceeding of the Fifth International Conference on the Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS) held on 19-21 May 2011 at Guadeloupe-French West Indies, France (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Glass, R. (1995). Software Creativity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ.USA: Prentice Hall. Goldenson, DR & Gibson, D. (2003). Demonstrating the impact and benefits of CMMI: an update and preliminary results (CMU/SEI-2003-SR-009). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA. Gruner, S., & Zyl, V. J. (2011). Software testing in small IT companies: a (not only) South African problem. South African Computer Journal, 47, 7-32. Guerrero, F., & Eterovic, Y. (2004). Adopting the SW-CMM in a Small IT Organization. IEEE software, 21(4), 29-35. Guha, P., Shah, K., Shukla, S. S. P., & Singh, S. (2011). Incorporating Agile with MDA Case Study: Online Polling System. International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications (IJSEA), 2(4). 83-96. Haase, V. (1996). Software process assessment concepts. Journal of Systems Architecture, 42(8), 621-631. Habib, Z. (2009). The Critical Success Factors in implementation of Software Process Improvement Efforts. Unpublished Master Thesis, University of Gothenburg, Department of Applied Information Technology Gothenburg, Sweden. Habra, N., Alexandre, S., Desharnais, J. M., Laporte, C. Y., & Renault, A. (2008). Initiating software process improvement in very small enterprises: Experience with a light assessment tool. Information and Software Technology, 50(7-8), 763-771. Habra, N., Niyitugabira, E., Lamblin, A., Renault, A. (1999). Software Process Improvement in Small Organizations Using Gradual Evaluation Schema. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Product Focused Software Process Improvement (PROFES'99) held on 22-24 June 1999 at the Universit. Oulu, Oulu, Finland (pp. 381-396). Finland: valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus (VTT). Hashmi, S., & Baik, J. (2007). Software Quality Assurance in XP and Spiral - A Comparative Study. In Proceeding on the Fifth International Conference on Computational Science and Applications held on 26-29 Aug 2007 at University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (PP.367-374). IEEE. Hashmi, S., & Baik, J. (2008). Quantitative Process Improvement in XP Using Six Sigma Tools. In Proceeding of the Seventh IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science held on 14-16 May 2008 at Melbourne, Australia (pp. 519-524). Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Hauck, J. C. R., Gresse von Wangenheim, C., Souza, R. H., & Thiry, M. (2008). Process Reference Guides-Support for Improving Software Processes in Alignment with Reference Models and Standards. In Proceeding of the 15th European Conference (EuroSPI 2008) held on 3-5 Sept. 2008 at Dublin, Ireland (pp. 70-81). Springer 2008. Hearty, P. (2008). Modeling Agile Software Processes Using Bayesian Networks. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, UK. Highsmith, J., & Cockburn, A. (2004) Agile Software Development: The Business of Innovation. IEEE Computer, 34(1), 120–122. Hightower, R. (2004). Professional Java Tools for EXtreme Programming: Ant, XDoclet, Junit, Cactus, and Maven. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated. Hofer, C. (2002). Software development in Austria: results of an empirical study among small and very small enterprises. In Proceeding of the 28th Euromicro Conference (EUROMICRO’02) held on 4-6 Sept. 2002 at Dortmund, Germany (pp. 361-366). Los Alamitos, California : IEEE Computer Society. Hneif, M., & Hock Ow, S. (2009). Review of Agile Methodologies in Software Development. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, 1(1). 1-8. Huang, W., Li, R., Maple, C., Yang, H., Foskett, D., & Cleaver, V. (2008). Web Application Development Lifecycle for Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). In Proceeding of the Eighth International Conference on the Quality Software (QSIC'08) held on 2-13 August 2008, Oxford, UK (pp. 247-252). IEEE Computer Society. Humphrey, W. S. (1993). Introduction to software process improvement. Technical Report CMU/SEI-92-TR-7, Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, USA. Humphrey, W. S. (1998). Three Dimensions of Process Improvement. The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, 14, 39-72. Humphrey, W. S. (2008). The software quality challenge. Crosstalk The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, 21(6), 4-10. Humphrey, W. S., & Kellner, M. I. (1989). Software process modeling: principles of entity process models. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Software Engineering held on 15-18 May 1989 at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (pp.331-342). IEEE Computer Press. Ibrahim, S., Ali, R.Z.R.M. (2011)Study on acceptance of customised Software Process Improvement (SPI) model for Malaysia's SME. In Proceeding of the 5th Malaysian Conference in Software Engineering (MySEC) held on13-14 Dec. 2011 at Johor Bahru, Malaysia (pp.25-30). IEEE. IEEE Std 730-1998. (1998). IEEE Standard for Software Quality Assurance Plans. IEEE. Isawi, A. B. M. (2011). Software Development Process Improvement for Small Palestinian Software Development. Unpublished Master Thesis, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. Jakobsen, C. R., & Johnson, K. A. (2008). Mature Agile with a Twist of CMMI. In Proceeding of Agile 2008 Conference (AGILE'08) held on 4-8 Aug. 2008 at Toronto, Canada (pp. 212-217). IEEE Computer Society. Jantunen, S. (2010). Exploring software engineering practices in small and medium-sized organizations. In Proceeding of the Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE’10) held on 2 May 2010 at Cape Town, South Africa (pp. 96-101). ACM. Jeffries, R., Anderson, A., and Hendrickson, C. (2002). Extreme Programming Installed. Boston: Addison Wesley. Johannesen, R. (2004). Software Engineering in the Small: Is Chaos Likely to Fall?. Section of the September/October 2000 issue of IEEE Software, Retrieved 20, June, 2009, from http://toalango.com/msc/in-the-small.pdf. Jones, C. (1996)Patterns of Software Systems Failure and Success. London: International Thompson Computer Press. Kähkönen, T. (2005). Framework for Agile Software Development in Embedded Systems. Agile Deliverable D.2.1. Version 1.0.Information Technology for European Advancement. ITEA. Kähkönen, T., & Abrahamsson, P. (2004). Achieving CMMI level 2 with enhanced extreme programming approach. In Proceeding of the 5th International Conference of Product Focused Software Process Improvement held on 5-8 April 2004 at Kansai Science City, Japan (pp. 378-392). Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kalpana, A., & Jeyakumar, A. E. (2011).Software Process Improvisation Framework Based On Fuzzy Logic Approach For Optimizing Indian Small Scale Software Organizations. International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, 6(1), 29-42. Karlstrom, D., & Runeson, P. (2006). Integrating agile software development into stage-gate managed product development. Empirical Software Engineering, 11(2), 203-225. Kitchenham, B. (1998). “Evaluating software engineering methods and tool,” ACM SIGSOFT software engineering Notes, 23(5), pp. 21-24. Khalaf, S. & Al-Jedaiah, M. (2008). Software Quality and Assurance in Waterfall Model and XP - A Comparative Study. Retrieved 7 April 2011 http://www.wseas.us/e-library/transactions/compu ters/2008/31-097.pdf. Koch, A. S. (2003). CMM-compliant XP. Retrieved on 20 Aug. 2009, from http://www.askprocess.com/ Articles/CMM-XP.pdf. Kontio, J., Lehtola, L., & Bragge, J. (2004)Using the focus group method in software engineering: obtaining practitioner and user experiences. In Proceeding of the International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering (ISESE’04) held on 19-20 August 2004, Redondo Beach, California, USA (pp. 271-280). Los Alamitos, CA, USA. IEEE Computer Society. Kothari, C. (1985). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: Wiley Eastern. Koznov, D. (2011). Process Model of DSM Solution Development and Evolution for Small and Medium-Sized Software Companies. In Proceeding of the 15th IEEE International of Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (EDOCW) held on 29 Aug.-2 Sept., Helsinki, Finland (pp.85-92). IEEE Computer Society. Kroeger, T. (2005) CMMI–Strengths, Weaknesses, and Guidelines for Use. Presentation in EDS Australia South ADU Australian Organization for Quality (SA)–Software SIG. Australia. Krueger, R, A., & Casey, M, A. (2000). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (3 rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Kuan, S.T., Wu, B.Y., & Lee, W.J. (2008). Finding friend groups in blogosphere. In Proceeding of the 22nd International Conference on the Advanced Information Networking and Applications-Workshops (AINAW 2008) held on 25-28 March 2008 at GinoWan, Okinawa, Japan (pp. 1046-1050). IEEE Computer Society, TCDP. Kuhlmann, U. (2003). Maintenance Activities in Software Process Models: Theory and Case Study Practice. Unpublished master thesis. Faculty of Computer Sciences, Koblenz Landau Campus Koblenz Uni, Germany. Kunda, S. (2001), A social-technical approach to selecting software supporting COTS- Based systems. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of York, UK. Kuvaja, P. (1995). BOOTSTRAP: A software process assessment and improvement methodology. Objective Software Quality, 926, 31-48. Laporte, C., Desharnais, J., Abouelfattah, M., Bamba, J., Renault, A., & Habra, N. (2005) . Initiating Software Process Improvement in Small Enterprises: Experiments with Micro-Evaluation Framework. In Proceeding of the SWDC-REK International Conference on Software Development held on 27 May- 1June 2005 at University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (pp. 153-163). Iceland: University of Iceland. Larman, C. (2003). Agile & Iterative Development: A Manager’s Guide. Boston: Addison Wesley. Laudon, KC., & Laudon, JP. (2004). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Laugen, B.T., Acur, N., Boer, H., Frick, J. (2005). Best manufacturing practices. What do best-performing companies do?. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 25(2), 131-150. Lee, M., Lee, Y., Yoon, H., Song, S., & Cheong, S. (2008). Issues and Architecture for Supporting Data Warehouse Queries in Web Portals. International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, 1(2). 110-115. Lina, Z., & Dan, S. (2012). Research on Combining Scrum with CMMI in Small and Medium Organizations. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Computer Science and Electronics Engineering (ICCSEE) held on 23-25 March 2012 at Hangzhou, China. IEEE. Lindvall, M., Muthig, D., Dagnino, A., Wallin, C., Stupperich, M., Kiefer, D., et al. (2004). Agile software development in large organizations. Computer, 37(12), 26-34. Loftus, C., & Ratcliffe, M. (2005). Extreme programming promotes extreme learning?”. In Proceeding of the 10th Annual Joint Conference Integrating Technology into Computer Science Education held on 27-29 June 2005 at Lisbon, Portugal (pp. 311-315). New York, USA: ACM. Ludwig, B. (1997). Predicting the future: Have you considered using the Delphi methodology?. Journal of Extension, 35 (5), 1-4. Makitalo-Keinonen, T., Virolainen, H., Laurell, J., Varkoi, T., & Makinen, T. (2011). Critical incidents in a growth path of a small software company. In Proceeding of the Technology Management in the Energy Smart World (PICMET’11) held on 31 July-4 Aug. 2011 at Hilton Portland and Executive Tower Portland, Oregon, USA (pp. 1-10). IEEE. Martinsson, J. (2002). Maturing Extreme Programming Through the CMM. Unpublished Master Thesis, Department of Computer Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Mathiassen, L., Ngwenyama, O., & Aaen, I. (2005). Managing change in software process improvement. IEEE software, 22(6), 84-91. Mazza, R., & Berre, A. (2007). Focus group methodology for evaluating information visualization techniques and tools. In Proceeding of the 11th International Conference Information Visualization (IV'07) held on 4-6 July 2007 at Zurich, Switzerland (pp. 74-80). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. McDonald, A., & Welland, R. (2001). A survey of web engineering in practice. Technical Report: R-2001-79, Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Scotland. McFarlane, R., & Biktasheva, I. V. (2008) . High Performance Computing for the Simulation of Cardiac Electrophysiology. In Proceeding of the Third International Conference on the Software Engineering Advances (ICSEA'08) held on 26-31 October 2008 at Sliema, Malta (pp. 13-18). IEEE Computer Society. Mehrfard, H., Pirzadeh, H., & Hamou-Lhadj, A. (2010). Investigating the Capability of Agile Processes to Support Life-Science Regulations: The Case of XP and FDA Regulations with a Focus on Human Factor Requirements. Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications, Volume 296, 2010, 241-255. Mishra, D., & Mishra, A. (2009). Software process improvement in SMEs: A comparative view. Computer Science and Information Systems, 6(1), 111-140. Mongkolnam, P., Silparcha, U., Waraporn, N., & Vanijja, V. (2009)A Push for Software Process Improvement in Thailand. In Proceeding of the 16th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference held on 1-3 Dec. 2009 at Penang, Malaysia. (pp. 475-481). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Morgan D.L. (1997), Focus groups as qualitative research (2nd ed.). London: Sage publication. Mnkandla, N. (2008). A Selection Framework For Agile Methodology Practices: A Family of Methodologies Approach. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Mushtaq, Z., & Qureshi, M. R. J. (2012). Novel Hybrid Model: Integrating Scrum and XP. International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science (IJITCS), 4(6), 39. Munassar, N. M. A., & Govardhan, A. (2010). A Comparison Between Five Models Of Software Engineering. IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, 7(5), 94-101. Nawaz, A., & Malik, K. (2008) . Software Testing Process In Agile Development. Unpublished Master Thesis, Comp Science Dept. School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. Nawazish Khokhar, M., Zeshan, K., & Aamir, J. (2010). Literature review on the software process improvement factors in the small organizations. In Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on New Trends in Information Science and Service Science (NISS) held on 11-13 May 2010 at Gyeongju, Korea (pp. 592–598). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Nisa, S. U., & Qureshi, M. R. J. (2012) .Empirical Estimation of Hybrid Model: A Controlled Case Study. International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science (IJITCS), 4(8), 43. Oktaba, H., GarcÃa , F., Piattini, M., Ruiz, F., Pino, F. J., & Alquicira, C. (2007). Software process improvement: The Competisoft project. Computer, 40(10), 21-28. Oktaba, H., Piattini.M. (2008). Software Process Improvement for Small and Medium Enterprises: Techniques and Case Studies, Illustrated Edition, ISBN 978-1-59904-906-9. New York: Idea Group Inc (IGI). Omran, A. (2008). AGILE CMMI from SMEs perspective. In Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Information & Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications (ICTTA 2008) held on 7-11 April 2008 at Damascus, Syria (pp. 1-8). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Palani, A., & Mohideen. P. (2012). Trends In Working Capital Management And Its Impact On SME With Reference To Manufacturing Firms. South Asian Academic Research Journals, 2(2), 123-141. Paulk, M. (2001). Extreme Programming from a CMM Perspective. IEEE Software, 18(6), 19-26. Paulk, M. (2002). Agile Methodologies and Process Discipline. CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, 15(10), 15-18. Paulk, M. C., Curtis, B., Chrissis, M. B., & Weber, C. V. (1993). Capability maturity model, version 1.1. Software, IEEE, 10(4), 18-27. Pettersson, F., Ivarsson, M., Gorschek, T., & Ohman, P. (2008). A practitioner’s guide to light weight software process assessment and improvement planning. Journal of Systems and Software, 81(6), 972-995. Phillips, M. (2003). CMMI appraisal tutorial. Paper presented to Australian Software Engineering Process Group (SEPG), Surfers Paradise, Carnegie Mellon University, USA. Pikkarainen, M. (2008) Towards a framework for improving software development process mediated with CMMI goals and agile practices. Unpublished Academic Dissertation, Faculty of Science, Department of Information Processing Science. University of Oulu, Finland. Poole, C., & Huisman, J. (2001) . Using Extreme Programming in a Maintenance Environment. IEEE Software 18(6), 42–50. Pourkomeylian, P. (2002) Software Practice Improvement. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Informatics Göteborg University Viktoriagatan, Göteborg. Sweden. Powell, R, A., and Single, H, M. (1996).Focus groups. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 8(5), 499-504. Pressman, R. (2005) Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, (6th ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Education. Pressman, R. (2009). Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach. (7th ed.). New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Education. Preuninger, R, D. (2006). The advantages of implementing software engineering process models. Unpublished master thesis, Faculty of the Graduate School, Texas At Arlington Uni, USA. Pusatli, O. T., & Misra, S. (2011). A Discussion On Assuring Software Quality In Small And Medium Software Enterprises: An Empirical Investigation. Technical Gazette, 18(3), 447-452. Qasaimeh, M., & Abran, A. (2010). Extending Extreme Programming User Stories to Meet ISO 9001 Formality Requirements. Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 4(11), 626-638. Qureshi, M. (2011). Empirical Evaluation of the Proposed eXSCRUM Model: Results of a Case Study. International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI), 8(3). 150-157. Rainer, A., & Hall, T. (2002). A quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors affecting software processes. Journal of Systems and Software, 66(1), 7-21. Ralyté, J., Deneckère, R., Rolland, C. (2003) Towards a Generic Method for Situational Method Engineering. In Proceeding the 15th International Conference Advanced on Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE2003) held on 16-18 June 2003 at Klagenfurt, Austria (pp. 95-110). Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2681. Ralyté, J., Rolland, C., and Deneckère, R. (2004). Towards a Meta-tool for Change-Centric Method Engineering: A Typology of Generic Operators. In Proceeding of the 16th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE2004) held on 7-4 June at Riga, Latvia (pp. 202-218). Springer. Ramsin, R. (2006). The engineering of an object-oriented software development methodology. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Department of Computer Science, university of York, UK. Richardson, I. (2001). Software process matrix: a small company SPI model. Software Process: Improvement and Practice, 6(3), 157-165. Richardson, I., & Von Wangenheim, C. (2007) Guest Editors' Introduction: Why are Small Software Organizations Different?. IEEE software, 24(1), 18- 22. Rout, T (project manager). (2002). SPICE: Software Process Assessment-Part 1: Concepts and Introductory Guides. Retrieved on 10 May 2009, from http://www.uio.no/ studier/emner/matnat/ifi/INF5180/v10/undervisningsmateriale/reading-materials/p10/spice/part1 100.pdf. Rout, T., Tuffley, A., Cahill, B., and Hodgen, B.(2000). The Rapid Assessment of Software Process Capability. In Proceedings of SPICE 2000 - the First International Conference on Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination, held on 1-3 June at Limerick, Ireland (pp. 47-56). USA: Wiley-IEEE Computer Society Press. Royce, W.W. (1987) Managing the Development of Large Software Systems: Concepts and Techniques. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Software Engineering held on 30 March-2April 1987 at California, USA (pp. 328–338). California, USA: ACM Press. Saarnak, S., & Gustafsson, B. (2003). A comparison of lifecycles. Unpublished Master Thesis, Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. Saiedian, H., & Carr, N. (1997). Characterizing a software process maturity model for small organizations. ACM SIGICE Bulletin, 23(1), 2-11. Salo, O. (2006). Enabling software process improvement in agile software development teams and organisations. Unpublished academic dissertation, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Linnanmaa, Finland. Santos, G., Montoni, M., Vasconcellos, J., Figueiredo, S., Cabral, R., Cerdeiral, C., et al. (2007). Implementing software process improvement initiatives in small and medium-size enterprises in Brazil. In Proceeding of the Sixth International Conference on the Quality of Information and Communications Technology held on 12-14 Sept. 2007 at Lisbon, Portugal (pp.187-196). IEEE. Savolainen, P., Sihvonen, H., & Ahonen, J. (2007). SPI with lightweight software process modeling in a small software company. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4764, 71-81. Sengodan,B. (2003). Integrating Automated Testing Into Object-Oriented Development Using Junit. Unpublished Master Thesis, School of School of Graduate Studies, College of Arts and Sciences , Florida Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering University, USA. Shackel, B. (1991). Usability-context, framework, definition, design and evaluation. Human factors for informatics usability, 21-37. Sharma, B., Sharma, N., Sharma, N. (2009). Software Process Improvement: A Comparative Analysis of SPI models. In Proceeding of the Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology held on 16-18 Dec. 2009 at Nagpur (pp. 1019-1024). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Sharma, L., & Sharma, N. (2012). Software Process Improvement in Small Scale Organizations: An Empirical Study. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Recent Advances and Future Trends in Information Technology (iRAFIT2012) held on 21- 23 March 2012 at Patiala, Punjab, India (pp. 18-21). India: International Journal of Computer Applications® (IJCA). Sidky, A. (2007). A Structured Approach to Adopting Agile Practices: The Agile Adoption Framework. Doctoral thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. Simila, S., Kuvaja, P.; Krzanik, L. (1997). BOOTSTRAP: a software process assessment and improvement methodology. In Proceeding of the First Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, held on 7-9 Dec. 1997 at Tokyo, Japan (pp.183- 196). IEEE. Singh, R. (1996).International Standard ISO/IEC 12207 software life cycle processes. Software Process: Improvement and Practice, 2(1), 35-50. Sison, R., Jarzabek, S., Hock, O., Rivepiboon, W., & Hai, N. (2006). Software practices in five ASEAN countries: an exploratory study. In Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Software engineering (ICSE’06) held on 20-28 May 2006 at Shanghai, China (pp. 628-631). New York, NY, USA: ACM. Sommerville, I. (2007).Software Engineering (8th ed.). UK: Addison-Wesley. Sommerville, I. (2011).Software Engineering (9th ed.). UK: Addison-Wesley. Stambollian, A., Habra, N., Laporte, C., Desharnais, J., & Renault, A. (2006). OWPL: A Light Model & Methodology for Initiating Software Process Improvement. In Proceedings of the 6th International SPICE conference on Process Assessment & Improvement (ISO/IEC 15504) held on 4-5 May 2006 at Luxembourg (pp. 97-106). Luxembourg: Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor. Stephens, M. (2001). The case against extreme programming. On Software Reality. Retrieved on 2 June 2009, from http://www. softwarereality. com/lifecycle/xp/case_against_ xp. jsp. Stitt-Gohdes, W. L., & Crews, T. B. (2004). The Delphi technique: A research strategy for career and technical education. Journal of Career and Technical Education, 20(2), 55-67. Stojanovic, Z., Dahanayake, A., & Sol, H. (2003). Modeling and Architectural Design in Agile Development Methodologies. Paper presented at the third International Workshop on Evaluation of Modeling Methods in System Analysis and Design (EMMSAD’03), Velden, Austria. Talbot, A., & Connor, A. (2011). Requirements Engineering Current Practice and Capability in Small and Medium Software Development Enterprises in New Zealand. In Proceeding of the Ninth International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications held on 10-12 Aug. 2011 at Maryland, U.S.A (pp. 17-25). IEEE . Thapa, V., Song, E., & Kim, H. An Approach to Verifying Security and Timing Properties in UML Models. In Proceeding of the 15th IEEE International Conference on the Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS) held on 22-26 March 2010 St. at Anne's College, University of Oxford, UK (pp.193-202). IEEE Computer Society. Thorn, C. (2009)Current state and potential of variability management practices in software-intensive SMEs: Results from a regional industrial survey. Information and Software Technology, 52(4), 411-421. Tosun, A., Bener, A., & Turhan, B. (2009). Implementation of a Software Quality Improvement Project in an SME: A Before and After Comparison. In Proceeding of the 35th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications held on 27-29 Aug. 2009 at Patras, Greece (pp. 203-209). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Turk, D., France, R., Rumpe, B. (2002). Limitations of Agile Software Processes. In Proceeding of the Third International Conference on eXtreme Programming and Agile Processes in Software Engineering held on 26-30 May 2002 at Alghero, Sardinia, Italy (pp. 43-46). New York: ACM. Unterkalmsteiner, M., Gorschek, T., Islam, A. K. M. M., Cheng, C. K., Permadi, R. B., & Feldt, R. (2011). Evaluation and Measurement of Software Process Improvement-A Systematic Literature Review. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. PP (99). 1-29. Vahaniitty, J., & Rautiainen, K. (2005). Towards an approach for managing the development portfolio in small product-oriented software companies. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'05) held on 3-6 Jan. 2005 at Helsinki University of Technology, Finland (pp. 314c). Big Island, HI, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Valdes, G., Visconti, M., & Astudillo, H. (2011). The Tutelkan Reference Process: A Reusable Process Model for Enabling SPI in Small Settings. In proceeding of the Systems, Software and Service Process Improvement: 18th European conference (EuroSPI 2011) held on 27-29 June 2011 at Roskilde, Denmark (pp. 179-190). Heidelberg: Springer, 2011. Vasiljevic, D. & Skoog, S. (2003).A Software Process Improvement Framework for Small Organizations. Unpublished Master Thesis. Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. Vitoria, D. (2004). Aligning XP with ISO 9001: 2000 TickIT Guide 5.0 “A case study in two academic software projects. Unpublished master thesis, School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Ronneby, Sweden. Von Wangenheim, C. G., Anacleto , A., & Salviano, C. F. (2004). Mares-a methodology for software process assessment in small software companies. Technical Report LPQS001. 04E, Universidade do Vale do Itajai-UNIVALI, Brazil. Von Wangenheim, C. G., Weber, S., Hauck, J. C. R., & Trentin, G. (2006). Experiences on establishing software processes in small companies. Information and Software Technology, 48(9), pp. 890-900. Vriens, C. 2003. Certifying for CMM Level 2 and ISO9001 with XP@Scrum. In Proceeding of the Agile Development Conference (ADC’03) held on 25-28 June 2003 at Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (pp. 120-124). Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Walker, A., & Selfe, J. (1996). The Delphi technique: a useful tool for the allied health researcher. British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 3(12), 677–681. Wang, Y. & King, G. (2000). Software Engineering Processes: Principles and Applications. CRC series in software engineering (Vol. I). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Weerd, G. (2009). Advancing in software product management: An incremental method engineering approach. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Dutch Research School for Information and Knowledge Systems. Utrecht University, Netherlands. Wilkie, F., Mc Caffery, F., McFall, D., Lester , N., & Wilkinson, E. (2007). A Low-overhead Method for Software Process Appraisal. Software Process-Improvement and Practice 12(4), 339-349. Withers, D.H. (2000). Software engineering best practices applied to the modeling process. In Proceedings of the 2000 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC 2000) held on 10-13 Dec. 2000 at Wyndham Palace Resort & Spa, Orlando, FL, USA (pp. 432-439). ACM. Wong, B., & Hasan, S. (2007)Software Process Improvement in Bangladesh. Software Engineering Research and Practice, ed. Arabnia, HR and Reza, H., SERP, 1(1), 26-29. Xie, Y. (2011).The design of software process management and evaluation system in small and medium software enterprises. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS) held on 27-29 June 2011 at Nanjing, China (pp. 2699-2701). IEEE. Xie, Z., Li, T., Dai, F., Yu, Q., Yu, Y., Zhao, N., et al. (2010). A formal meta-model of software process. In proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on information Science and Engineering (ICISE) held on 4-6 Dec. 2010 at Hangzhou, China (pp.4245-4248). DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. Xu, B. (2009). Towards high quality software development with extreme programming methodology: practices from real software projects. In Proceeding of the International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS '09) held on 20-22 Sept. 2009 Wuhan, China (pp.1-4). IEEE. Xu, Y., Lin, Z., & Foster, W. (2003). Agile Methodology in CMM Framework: an Approach to Success for Software Companies in China. Paper presented at the Global Information Technology Management (GITM) Conference, Calgary, Canada. Yin, R. K. (1984). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Beverly Hills, Calif: Sage Publications. Yourdon, E. (1997). Death March: Managing “Mission Impossible” Projects. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Zahran, S. (1998). Software Process Improvement: Practical Guidelines for Business Success. Harlow, England: Addison-Wesley. Zainal, Z. (2007). Case study as a research method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, Vol.9. 1-6. Zarour, M. (2009). Methods to evaluate lightweight software process assessment methods based on evaluation theory and engineering design principles. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Computer Science Department, Du Quebec Uni, Canada. Zhang, L., & Shao, D. (2011). Software process improvement for small and medium organizations based on CMMI. In Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on the Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC) held on 8-10 Aug. 2011 Deng Feng, China (pp. 2402- 2405). IEEE. Zoysa, L. (2011). Software Quality Assurance in Agile and Waterfall Software Development Methodologies: A Gap Analysis. Unpublished Master Thesis, School of Computing, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.

مواد مشابهة