The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential mediating role of team climate between transformational leadership styles, transactional leadership styles and employee performance in the context of Indonesia's oil and gas sector. This study adopted the case study research design to...
Saved in:
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | eng eng |
Published: |
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/1/s90521.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/2/s90521_abstract.pdf |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
my-uum-etd.5393 |
---|---|
record_format |
uketd_dc |
institution |
Universiti Utara Malaysia |
collection |
UUM ETD |
language |
eng eng |
advisor |
Sharif, Mohmad Yazam |
topic |
HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment |
spellingShingle |
HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment Hazwari, Hasan The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
description |
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential mediating role of team climate
between transformational leadership styles, transactional leadership styles and employee
performance in the context of Indonesia's oil and gas sector. This study adopted the case
study research design to investigate a phenomenon in a single large organization. The specific context of study was Chevron Indonesia, an American-based multinational corporation (MNC). The respondents of this research were individual front line leaders and members. Seven hypotheses were formulated. Generally, the results were found to support the
hypotheses. The team climate was seen to mediate between leadership and employee
performance. The findings of this study imply that the managers of the oil and gas
organisations in Indonesia (and other similar contexts) need to pay greater attention to the
work team climate factor as it can be used to motivate and nurture their employees in
achieving organisational goals. Managers can create a positive work team climate by
developing individual leaders' capacities to lead the team members in their respective work
units or departments. |
format |
Thesis |
qualification_name |
other |
author |
Hazwari, Hasan |
author_facet |
Hazwari, Hasan |
author_sort |
Hazwari, Hasan |
title |
The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
title_short |
The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
title_full |
The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
title_fullStr |
The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia |
title_sort |
mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and
employee performance : case study of chevron pacific indonesia |
granting_institution |
Universiti Utara Malaysia |
granting_department |
Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/1/s90521.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/2/s90521_abstract.pdf |
_version_ |
1747827924578336768 |
spelling |
my-uum-etd.53932022-05-23T01:29:52Z The mediating effect of team climate on the relationship between leadership styles and employee performance : Case study of Chevron Pacific Indonesia 2014 Hazwari, Hasan Sharif, Mohmad Yazam Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management. Employment The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential mediating role of team climate between transformational leadership styles, transactional leadership styles and employee performance in the context of Indonesia's oil and gas sector. This study adopted the case study research design to investigate a phenomenon in a single large organization. The specific context of study was Chevron Indonesia, an American-based multinational corporation (MNC). The respondents of this research were individual front line leaders and members. Seven hypotheses were formulated. Generally, the results were found to support the hypotheses. The team climate was seen to mediate between leadership and employee performance. The findings of this study imply that the managers of the oil and gas organisations in Indonesia (and other similar contexts) need to pay greater attention to the work team climate factor as it can be used to motivate and nurture their employees in achieving organisational goals. Managers can create a positive work team climate by developing individual leaders' capacities to lead the team members in their respective work units or departments. 2014 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/1/s90521.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/5393/2/s90521_abstract.pdf text eng public other Universiti Utara Malaysia Alban-Metcalfe, R.J. and Alimo-Metcalfe, B. (2000). The transformational leadership questionnaire: a convergent and discriminant validation study. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 21 (6), 280-296. Ambos, T.C. and Ambos, B. (2008). The impact of distance on knowledge transfer effectiveness in multinational corporations. Journal of International Management, 15(1), 1-14. Arman Hadi, A.M. (2012). The Mediating Effects of Organizational Cultural Traits on the Relationships between Transformational Leadership Style and Corporate Members' Attitudinal Outcomes: A Study of Government-linked Companies in Malaysia. An Unpublished PhD thesis, Asia-E University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Armstrong, M. and Baron, A. (1998). Performance Management - The New Realities. London: IPD. Hayward, Brett Anthony (2005). Relationship between employee performances, leadership and emotional intelligence in a South african parastatal organization. An Unpublished Master of Comerce thesis, Rhodes University, South Africa. Armstrong, M. (2006). Strategic Human Resource Management: A Guide to Action (3th ed.). London: Kogan Page. Arnold, K.A., Barling, J. and Kelloway, E.K. (2001). Transformational Leadership or the Iron Cage: What Predicts Trust, Commitment and Team Efficacy. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 22(7), 315-320. Aryee, S., Zhen, X.C. and Budhwar, P.S. (20040. Exchange fairness and employee performance: An examination of the relationship between organizational plotics and procedural justice. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 94(1), 1-14. Ascher, W. (1998). From Oil to Timber: The Political Economy of Off Budget Development Financing in Indonesia. Indonesia, 65, April, 37-61. Aswicahyono, H., Bird, K. and Hill, H. (2009). Making Economic Policy in Weak, Democratic, Post-crisis States: An Indonesian Case Study. World Development, 37(2), 354-372. Avery, G.C. (2004) Understanding Leadership: Paradigms and Cases. London: Sage. Avey, J.B., Nimnicht, J.L. and Pigeon, N.G. (2010), Two field studies examining the association between positive psychological capital and employee performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31(5), 384- 401. Avolio, B. (1996). Leadership most critical issue in business today. Human Resource Management, Yearbook: 10-14. Avolio, B.J. (1999) Full Leadership Developmentt: Building the Vital Forces in Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Avolio, B.J., Waldman, D.A. and Yammarino, F.J. (1991). Leading in the 1990's: The Four 1's of Transformational Leadership. Journal of European Industrial Training, 15, 1-8. Awamleh, R. and Gardner, W.L. (1999). Perceptions of leader charisma & effectiveness: The effects of vision content, delivery & organizational performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 10: 345-373. Baptiste, N.R. (2008). Tightening the link between employee wellbeing at work and performance: A new dimension for HRM. Management Decision, 46(2), 284-309. Barling, J., Weber, T. and Kelloway, E.K. (1996) Effects of transformational leadership training on attitudinal & financial outcomes: A field experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 8l(6): 827-832. Barling, J., Salter, F., and Kelloway, E.K. (2000). Transformational leadership and EI: an exploratory study. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 21(3), 157-161. 118. Barry, J.M. (1997). "Performance Management: A Case Study", Journal of Environmental Health, 60(4), 12-38. Bass, B.M. (1985a). Leadership & Performance Beyond Expectations. New York, NY: Free Press. Bass, B. M. (1985b). Leadership: Good, Better, Best. Organizational Dynamics, 13(3), 26-40. Bass, B.M. (1990). Bass and Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, Research and Managerial applications. New York: Free Press. Bass, B.M. (1998). Transformational Leadership: Industrial, Military, and Educationa Impact. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1990a). Developing Transformational Leadership: 1992 and Beyond. Journal of European Industrial Training, 14(5), 2 1-27. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1990b). Transformational Leadership Deve1opment: Manual for MLQ. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologist Press. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1994). Improving Organizational Effectiveness: Through Transformational Leadership. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc. Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (2000). Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Redwood City: Mind Garden Inc. 1 19 Bass, B.M., Avolio, B.J. and Goodheim, L. (1987). Biography and the Assessment of Transformational Leadership at a World Class Level. Journal of Management, 13(2), 7-19. Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Jung, D.I. and Berson, Y. (2003). Predeicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207-218. Bass, B.M., Waldman, D.A., Avolio, B.J. and Bebb, M. (1987). Transformational Leadership and the Falling Dominoes Effect. Group Organization Management, 12(1), 73-87. Batra, R.N. (1986). A General Equilibrium Model of Multinational Corporations in Developing Economies. Oxford Economic Papers New Series, 3 8(2), 342-3 53. Bennett, J. (2002). Multinational Corporations, Social Responsibility and Conflict. Journal of International Affairs, 5 5(2), 393-411. Bennis, W. G. (1998a). On Becoming a Leader. London: Arrow Books. Bennis, W. (1998b) Rethinking leadership. Executive Excellence, 15(2),7-8. Berson, Y. and Linston, J.D. (2005). An examination of the relationship between leadership style, quality and employee satisfaction in R & D versus administrative environments. R & D Management, 35(1), 51-60. Bishop, J. (1987). The Recognition and Reward of Employee Performance. Journal of Labor Economics, 5(4), S36-S56. Birkinshaw, J. (1997). Entrepreneurship in multinational corporations: The Characteristics of Subsidiary Initiatives. Strategic Management Journal, 18(3), 207-229. Birkinshaw, J., Hood, N. and Jonsson, S. (1998). Building firm specific advantages in multinational corporations: The Role of Subsidiary Initiatives. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 221-241. Bjorkman, I. and Lervik, J.E. (2007). Transfering Human Resource practices within Multinational Corporations. Human Resource Management Journal, 17(4), 320-335. Blomstrom, M. and Kokko, A. (1998). Multinational corporations and Spillovers. Journal of Economic Surveys, 12, 247-257. Boselle, P., Dietz, G. and Boon, C. (2005). Commonalities and contradictions in Human Resource Management and performance research. Human Resource Management Journal, 15(3), 67-94. Brayfield, A.H. and Crockett, W.H. (1955). Employee attitudes and employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 52(5), 396-424. Bryman, A. (1992). Charisma & Leadership in Organizations. London: Sage. Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2007). Business Research Methods (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2011). Business Research Methods (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bryman, A., Collinson, D., Grint, K., Jackson, B. and Uhl-Bien, M. (eds.) (2011). The SAGE Handbook of Leadership. London: Sage. Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper and Row Publishers. Bums, J.O. (1980). Transfer Pricing Decisions in US multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 11(2), 23-38. Business Monitor International (2012). Indonesia Oil & Gas Report 2012. London: Business Monitor International. Bycio, P., Hacket, R.D. and Allen, J. (1995). Further Assessment of Bass's (1985) Conceptualization of Transactional and Transformational Leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(4), 468-478. Cacioppe, R. (1997). Leadership Moment by Moment. Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 18(7): 335-345. Campbell, J., McCLoy, R., Oppler, S. and Sager, C. (1993). The Theory of Performance. New York: Jossey-Bass. Castilla, E. J. (2005). Social Networks and Employee Performance in a Call Center. American Journal of Psychology, 1 10(5), 1243-1283. Che Jui-Chen and Silverthome Colin, Leadership effectiveness, (2005), Leadership Style and Employee Readiness. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(4), 280-288. Chevron (2008). Experience Supervisor Workshop-People Leadership one. Chevron Training Materials. Cho, K.R. (1990). Foreign banking presence and banking market concentration: The case of Indonesia. Journal of Development Studies, 27(1), 98-110. Cohen, M.D. and March, J.G. (1986). Leadership and ambiguity (2nd ed.). Boston: Harvard Business School. Collingsworth, T., Goold, J.W. and Harvey, P.J. (1994). Time for a Global New Deal. Foreign Affairs, 73(1), 8-13. Conger, J.A. (1 999). Charismatic & transformational leadership in organizations: An insider's perspective on these developing streams of research. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(2), 45-1 69. Conger, J.A. and Kanungo, R.N. (1987). Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 637-647. Cummings, L.L. and Schwab, D.P. (1973). Performance in Organizations: determinants and appraisal. Glenview: Scott, Foresman and Company. Cummings, G.G., MacGregor, T., Davey, M., Lee, H., Wong, C.A., Lo, E., Muise, M. and Stafford, E, (2010). Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(3), 363-385. Dale, T.A., Grahek, M., Phillips, R.E. and Fay, C.L.(2008). The Search for Worthy Leadership. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 60(4), 366-382. Deluga, R.J. (1988). Relationship of Transformational and Transactional Leadership with Employee Influencing Strategies. Group Organization Management, 13(4), 456-467. Den Hartog, DN, Van Muijen, J.J. and Koopman, P.L. (1997). Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 70, 19-34. De Ruyter, K., Wtzel, M. and Feinberg, R. (2001). Role stress in call center: Its effects on employee performance and satisfaction. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 15(2), 23-35. Dorrenbacher, C. and Geppert, M. (2009). A micro-political perspective on subsidiary initiative-taking: Evidence from German-owned subdiaries in France. Europena Management Journal, 27(2), 100-112. Eagly, A.H., Johannesen-Schmidt, M.C. and van Engen, M.L. (2003). Transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles: A metaanalysis comparing women and men. Psychological Bulletin, 129(4), 569-591. Edstrom, A. and Lorange, P. (1984). Matching Strategy and Human Resources in Multinational Corporations. Journal of international Business Studies, 15(2), 125-137. Egri, C.P. and Herman, S. (2000). Leadership in the North American Environmental Sector: Values, Leadership Styles and Contexts of Environmental Leaders and their Organizations. The Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 571-604. Eisenbach, R., Watson, K. and Pillai, R. (1999). Transformational leadership in the context of organizational change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(2), 80-89. Emery, C.R.. and Barker, K.J. (2007). The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on the Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Customer Contact Personnel. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communication and Conflict, 11(1), 77-90. Failla, K.R. and Stichler, J.F. (2008). Manager and Staff Perceptions of the Managers' leadership styles. Journal of Nursing Administration, 38(11), 480-487. Fairchild, A.J. and MacKinnon, D.P. (2009). A General Model for Testing Mediation and Moderating Effects. Prevention Science, 10(2), 87-99. Fairchild, A. J. and McQuillin, S .D. (20 10). Evaluating mediation and moderating effects in school psychology: A presentation of methods and review of current practice. Journal of School Psychology, 48(1), 53-84. Fairchild, A.J., MacKinnon, D.P., Taborga, M.P. and Tayor, A.B. (2009). R2 Effect size measures for mediation analysis. Behavioral Research Methods, 41(2), 486-498. Ferris, K.R. (1982). Perceived environmental uncertainty, organizational adaptation and employee performance: A longitudinal study in professional accounting firms. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 7(1), 13-25. Fiedler, F.E. and House, R.J. (1988). Leadership Theory and Research: A Report of Progress", International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 19(88): 73-91. Finoza, Teuku. (2010), Laporan Kerja Praktek, Pemakaian Demulsifier Untuk Pemisahan Emulsi Water in Oil Field Minas PT. Chewon Pacific Indonesia, Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Fitzgerald, S. and Schutte, N.S. (2010). Increasing transformational leadership through enhancing self-efficacy. Journal of Management, 29(5), 495-505. Francesco, A.M. and Zhen, X.C. (2004). Collectivism in Action: Its Moderating Effects on the Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance in China. Group Organization Management, 29(4), 425-441. Gberevbie, D. E., (2010). Organizational retention strategies and employee performance of Zenith Bank in Nigeria. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 1(1), 61-74. Ghee, S. L. and Daft, R. L. (2009). Leadership Experience in Asia. Singapore: Thomson. Gelade, G.A. and Ivery, M. (2003). The impact of Human Resource Management and work climate on organizational performance. Personnel Psychology, 56(2), 383-404. Ghoshal, S.and Bartlett, C.A. (1990). The multinational corporation as an interorganizational network. Academy of Management Review, 15,603-625. Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results,. Harvard Business Review, March- April. Goleman, D. (2001). An EI-Based theory of performance. In G. Cherniss & D. Goleman (eds). The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Griffin, R.W., Welsh, A. and Moorhead, G. (1981). Perceived Task Characteristics and Employee Performance: A Literature Review. The Academy of Management Review, 6(4), 655-664. Gupta, A.K. and Govindarajan, V. (2000). Knowledge Flows Within Multinational Corporations. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 473-491. Guzzo, R.A. and Dickson, M.W. (1996). Teams in organizations: Recent research on performance & effectiveness. Annual Review of Psychology, 47(1): 307-338. Harness, T. (2009). Research methods for the empirical study of strategic human resource management. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 12 (3): 321-336. Hater, J.J. and Bass, B.M. (1988). Superiors evaluations and subordinates perceptions of transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 20(1): 695-702. Hayes, A.F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical Mediation Analysis in the New Millenium. Communication Monograph, 76(4), 408-420. Heneman, H.G. and Schwab, D.P. (1972). Evaluation of research on expectancy theory predictions of employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 78(1), 1-9. Heneman, R.L., Greenberger, D.B. and Anonyuo, C. (1989). Attributions and Exchanges: The Effects of Interpersonal Factors on the Diagnosis of Employee Performance. The Academy of Management Journal, 32(2), 466-476. Hersey, P. and Blanchard, K.H. (1 988). Management of Organizational Behavior: Utilizing Human Resources (5th Edition). Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Hippert, C. (2002). Multinational corporations, the Politics of World Economy and their Effects on Women's Health in the Developing World: A Review. Health Care for Women International, 23(8). Holloway, J., Francis, G. and Hinton, M. (1999). A vehicle for change? A case study of performance improvement in the "new" public sector". The International Journal of Public Sector Management, 12(4): 351-365. Hoogh, A.H.B. de, Hartog, D.N. den, Koopman, P.L., Berg, H.T., Berg, P.T. van den, Weide, J.G. van der and Wilderom, C.P.M. (2004). Charismatic leadership, environmental dynamism & performance. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 13(4): 447-471. House, R.J. (1977). A 1976 theory of charismatic leadership, in J.G. Hunt and L.L. Larson (eds), Leadership: The cutting edge. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois Press. Howell, J.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1993). Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Locus of Control and Support for Innovation: Key Predictors of Consolidated Business Performance", Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(1): 891-902. Hutchings, K. (1996). Workplace Practices of Japanese and Australian Multinational Corporations Operating in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. Human Resource Management Journal, 6(2), 58-71. Ivancevich, J. M. (2010). Human Resource Management (llth ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. Jain, H.C., Lawler, J.J. and Morishima, M. (1998). Multinational Corporations, Human Resource Management and Host-country nationals. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 9(4), 553-566. Jensen, N.M. (2003). Democratic Governance and Multinational Corporations: Political Regimes and Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment. International Organization, 57, 587-61 6. Jing, F.F. and Avery, G.C., (2008a). Missing Links in Understanding The Relationship Between Leadership And Organizational Performance. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 7(5), Volume 7, Number 5. Jing, F.F. and Avery, G.C., (2008b). Where have the Mediating Variables in Leadership-Performance Research Gone? Journal of Business & Economics Research, 6(10), ??? Jones, G.R. and Georga, J.M. (2000). Essentials of Managing Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall. Johnson, S. & Rodway, G. (2002), Creating a Work Climate that Motivates Staff and Improves Performance., The Manager, 11 (3), page number? Judge, T.A. and Piccolo, R.F. (2004). Transformational & transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5): 755-768. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (1996). The Balance Scorecard. Boston: The Harvard Business School Press. Keller, R.T. (2006). Transformational leadership, initiating structure & substitutes for leadership: A longitudinal study of research & development project team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 9l(1): 202-21 0. Kelley, R. and Caplan, J. (1993). How Bell Labs creates star performers. Harvard Business Review, 3(2): 100- 103. Kent, A. and Chelladurai, P. (2001). Perceived Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment, and Citizenship Behavior: A Case Study in Intercollegiate Athletics. The Journal of Sport Management, 15: 135-159. Kilboume, C.E. (1935). The Elements of Leadership. Coats Artillary Journal, 11(1), 437-439. Koene, B.A.S.; Vogelaar, A.L.W. and Soeters, J.L. (2002) Leadership effects on organizational climate & financial performance: Local leadership effect in chian organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 13: 193-21 5. Kostova, T. and Roth, K. (2002). Adoption of an organization practice by subsidiaries of multinational corporations: Institutional and Related Effects. The Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 215-233. Kostova, T., Roth, K. and Dacin, M.T. (2008). Institutional Theory in the Study of Multinational corporations: A Critique and new Directions. The Academy of Management Review, 33(4), 994-1006. Kotter, J.P. (1988). The Leadership Factor. New York: The Free Press. Kuenzil, M. and Schrninke, M. (2009). Assembling Fragments into a Lens: A Review, Critique and Proposed Research Agenda for the Organizational Work Climate Literature. Journal of Management, 35(3), 634-717. Lam, S.S.K., Xiao-Ping, C. and Schaubroeck, J. (2002). Participative Decision Making and Employee Performance in Different Cultures: The Moderating Effects of Allocentrism/Idiocentrism and Efficacy. The Academy of Management Journal, 45(5), 905-914. Leedy, P.D. (1993). Practical research planning and design. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Levy, O., Beechler, S., Taylor, S. and Boyacigiller, N. A. (2007). What we talk about when we talk about 'global mindset': Managerial cognition in multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 231-258. Lim, B. and Ployhart, R.E. (2004). Transformational leadership: Relations to the five-factor model & team performance in typical and maximum contexts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4): 610-621. Lippstreu, M. (2010). Revisiting fundamental concepts of transformational leadership theory: a closer look at follower development processes. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. Luthans, F., Norman, S.M., Avolio, B.J. and Avey, J.B. (2008). The mediating role of psychologicsl capital in the supportive organizational climate-employee performance relationship. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 219-238. Lowe, K.B., Kroeck, K.G. and Sivasubramaniam, N. (1996). Effectiveness of correlates of transformational & transactional leadership: A meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature. Leadership Quarterly, 7, 385-425. MacKinnon, D.P. and Luecken, L.J. (2008). How and for whom? Mediation and moderation in health psychology. Health Psychology, 27(2), S99-S100. MacKinnon, D.P. and Fairchild, A.J. (2009). Current Directions in Mediation Analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(1), 16-20. MacKinnon, D.P., Fairchild, A.J. and Fritz, M.S. (2007). Mediation Analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58,593-6 14. Madlock, P.E. (2008). The Link between Leadership Style, Communicator Competence and Employee Satisfaction. Journal of Business Communication, 45(1), 61-78. Mahn, H.Y., Beatty, S.E. and Suh, J. (2001). The effect of work climate on critical employee and customer outcomes: An employee-level analysis. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 12(5), 500-521. Massey, R. (1994). Taking a Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management. Health Manpower Management, 20 (5): 27-30. McColl-Kennedy, J.R. and Anderson,R.D. (2002). Impact of leadership style and emotions on subordinate performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 13 (5), 545-559. McGuire, E. and Kennedy, S.M. (2006). Nurse managers as transformational and transactional leaders. Nursing Economics. McShane, S.L. and Von Glinow, M.A. (2000). Organizational Behavior. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Mehra, A., Smith, B.R., Dixon, A.L. and Robertson, B. (2006) Distributed leadership in teams: The networks of leadership perceptions & team performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(3), 232-245. Mester, C., Visser, D. and Roodt, G. (2003). "Leadership Style and its Relation to Employee Attitudes and Behaviour", SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 29(2), 72-80. Michel, A. and Shaked, I. (1986). Multinational corporations versus Domestic Financial Performance and Characteristics. Journal of International Business Studies, 17(3), 89-1 00. M-ills, K. and Karim, M.A. (2010). Disputes in the oil and gas sector: Indonesia. Journal of World Energy Law Business, 3(1), 44-70. Minbaeva, D.B. (2007). Knowledge transfer in multinational corporations. Management International Review, 47(4), 567-593. Mitchell, M. L. and Jolley, J. M. (2007). Research Design Explained (6th ed.). Belmont: Thomson. Monteiro, L.F., Arvidsson, N. and Birlunshaw, J. (2008). Knowledge Flows Within Multinational Corporations: Explaining Subsidiary Isolation and Its Performance Implications. Organization Science, 19(1), 90- 07. Moorhead, G. and Griffin, R. (1998). Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organization (5Ih ed.). Boston: Houghton-Mifflin. Moran, T.H. (1978). Multinational Corporations and dependency: a dialogue. International Organization, 32(1), 79-100. Mosadegh Rad, A.M. and Yarmohammadian, M.H. (2006). A study of relationship between manager's leadership style and employee's job satisfaction. Leadership in Health Services, 19(2), 11-28. Mullins, L. (1999). Management and Organisational Behaviour. London: Pitman Publishing. Nadler, D.A. and Tuschman, M.L. (1990). Beyond the charismatic leader: Leadership & organizational change. California Management Review, 32(2), 77-97. Naceur, J. (2005). Transformational leadership and service quality in UAE hospitals. Managing Service Quality, 15(1), 70-81. Neely, A., Gregory, M. and Platts, K. (1995). "Performance Measurement System Design", International Journal of Operational and Production Management, 15(4), 80-116. Nelson, R.R. and Winter, S.G. (1982). An Evolutioizary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Nobel, R. and Birkinshaw, J. (1998). Innovation in multinational corporations: Control and Communication Patterns in International R&D Operations. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 479-496. Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. H., Gerhart, B. & Wright, P. M. (2009). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management (3rd ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. Ozcelik, H., Langton, N. and Aldrich, H., (2008). The relationship between leadership practices that facilitate a positive emotional climate and organizational performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(2), 186-203. Panagopoulos, N. (2009). Transformational leadership as a mediator of the relationship between behavior-based control and salespeople's key outcomes: An initial investigation. European Journal of Marketing, 43(7/8), 1008-1031. Pastor, J.C. and Mayo, M.C. (2008). Transformational leadership among Spanish upper echelons: The role of managerial values and goal orientation. Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 29(4), 340-358. Perry, C., LeMay, N., Rodway, G., Tracy, A., Galer, J. (2005). Validating a work group climate assessment tool for improving the performance of public health organizations. Human Resources for Health, 3 (10) http://dx.doi.org/l0.118611478-4491-3-10. Phelps, C., Heidl, R. and Wadhwa, A. (2012). Knowledge, Networks and Knowledge Networks: A Review and Research Agenda. Journal of Management, 38(4), 1115-1166. Philips, E. (2000). Responsibility of Multinational Corporations in Developing Countries, Paper presented at the Model United Nations Far West (MUhIFW) Forum, New York. Pillai, R., and Williams, E. A., (2004). Transformational leadership, self-efficacy, group cohesiveness, commitment, and performance. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(2), 144-159. Poynter, T.A. (1982). Government intervention in Less Developed Countries: The Experience of Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 13(1), 9-25. Prahalad, C.K. and Lieberthal, K. (1998). The End of Corporate Imperialism. Harvard Business Review, August, 109-117. Pruijn, G.H.J. and Boucher, R.L. (1994). The Relationship of Transactional and Transformational Leadership to the Organizational Effectiveness of the Dutch National Sports Organizations. European Journal of Sports Management, 1, 72-87. Qin, Y., Ram, M. and Meyer, K.E. (2008). Conventional and Reverse Knowledge Flows in Multinational Corporations. Journal of Management, 34(5), 882-902. Rangga, D. F. (2012). Indonesia's oil production falls further. The Island, 3 February. Rodwell, J. J., Kienzle, R. and Shadur, M.A. (1998). The relationship among workrelated perceptions, employee attitudes and employee performance: The integral role of communications. Human Resource Management, 37(3/4), 277-293. Rothschild, J. and Whitt, J. A. (1986). The Cooperative Work Place: Potentials & Dilemmas of Organizational Democracy & Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Salanova, M., Agut, S. and Peiro, J.M. (2005). Linking Organizational Resources and Work Engagement to Employee Performance and Customer Loyalty. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1217-12227. Sarwono, J. (2007). Analisa Jalur untuk Riset Bisnis dengan SPSS. C.V AlVDI OFFSET. Schollhammer, H. (1971). Organization Structures of Multinational Corporations. The Academy of Management Journal, 14(3), 345-365. Schuler, R.S., Fulkerson, J.R. and Dowling, P.J. (1 99 1). Strategic performance measurement and management in multinational corporations. Human Resource Management, 30(3), 365-392. Schwab, D.P. and Cummings, L.L. (1976). A Theoretical Analysis of the Impact of Task Scope on Employee Performance. The Academy of Management Review, 1(2), 23-35. Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods for Business: a skills building approach (2nd Edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Sekaran, U. (2000). Research Methods for Business (3rd Edition). New York: Hermitage Publishing Services. Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R. (2009). Research Methods for Business. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Sellgren, S., Ekvall, G. and Tomson, G. (2006). Leadership styles in nursing management: preferred and perceived. Journal of Nursing Management, 14(5), 348-355. Sellgren, S., Ekvall, G. and Tomson, G. (2008). Leadership behavior of nurse managers in relation to job satisfaction and work climate. Journal of Nursing Management, 16(5), 578-587. Selznik, D. (1957; 1984). Leadership in Administration: A Sociological Interpretation. Berkeley: University of California Press. Senior, B. (1997). Organizational Change. London: Pitman Publishing. Sharkie, R., (2009). Trust in leadership is vital for employee performance. Management Research News, 32(5), 491-498. Shea, C.M., (1999). The Effect of Leadership Style on Performance Improvement on a Manufacturing Task. Journal of Business, 72(3), ??? Shriberg, A., Lloyd, C., Shriberg, D.L. and Williamson, M.L. (1997). Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Snow, J. (2002). Enhancing Work Climate to Improve Performance and Retain Valued Employees. Journal of Nursing Administration, 32(7/8), 393-397. Spatz, C. and Kardas, E. (2008). Research Methods: Ideas, Techniques and Reports. New York: McGraw-Hill. Steers, R.M. and Porter, L.W. (1974). The role of task-goal attributes in employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 81 (7), 434-452. Stewart, I. (2006). Transformational leadership: An Evolving Concepts Examined through the Works of Bums, Bass, Avolio and Leithwood. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, 54, 1-29. Stringer R. (2002). Leadership and Organizational Climate. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Sugiyono, (2004). Metode Penelitian Bisnis, Alfabeta CV Suliman Abubakr M.T, (2002). The Mediating roIe of organizational commitment in work climate-performance relationship. Jouurnal of Management Development, 21(3), 170-183. Sun, J. (2012). A Review of Transformational Leadership Research: A Meta-analytic Approach. An Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Toronto, Canada. Sy, T., Tram, S. and O'Hara, L.A.(2006). Relation of employee and manager emotional intelligence to job satisfaction and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(3), 461-473. Tengku Nathan, M. (2000). The Indonesian Production Sharing Contract: An Investor's Perspective. Hague: Kluwer Law International. Tepper, B.J. and Percy, P.M. (1994). Structural Validity of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54(3), 734-744. Tichy, N.M and Devanna, M.A. (1986). The Transformational Leader New York: John Wiley and Sons. Wang, G., In-Sue, O., Courtright, S.H. and Colbert, A.E. (201 1). Transformational leadership and Performance Across Criteria and Levels: A Meta-Analytic Review of 25 Years of Research. Group Organization Management, 36(2), 223-270. Watkin, C. (2000). The leadership program for serving headteachers: probably the world's largest leadership development initiative." The Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 21 (1), ??? Whitelaw, P.A. (2001). Reliability and Validity: The Terrible Twins of Good Research. [On-line]. http://www.mlq.com.au/Research/ Articles/Reliability_Validity_Article_Paul_ Whitelaw.pdf Vigoda-Gadot, E. (2007). Leadership atylw, organizational politics and employees' performance: An empirical examination of two competing models. Personnel Review, 36(5), 661-683. Wing, L.S., (2005). Leadership in high-performance teams: a model for superior eam performance. Team Performance Management, 11(1/2), 4-1 1. World Bank (1995). World Development Report. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Yammarino, F.J. and Bass, B.M. (1990). Transformational Leadership and Multiple Levels of Analysis. Human Relations, 43(10), 975-995. Yammarino, F.J., Spangler, W.D. and Bass, B.M. (1993). Transformational leadership & performance: A longitudinal investigation. The Leadership Quarterly, 4(1), 81-102. Yaping, G., Jia-Chi, H. and Jiing-Lin, F. (2009). Employee Learning Orientation, Transformational Leadership and Employee Creativity: The Mediating Role of Employee Creative Self-Efficacy. The Academy of Management Jotlrnal, 52(4), 765-778. Yukl, G. (1998). Leadership in Organisations. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Yukl, G. (1999). An evaluative essay on current conceptions of effective leadership. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 8(1): 33-48. Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in organizations (5th edn). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Yukl, G.A. and Latham, G.P. (1975). Consequences of reinforcement schedules and incentive magnitudes for employee performance: problems encountered in an industrial setting. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 60(3), 294-298. Zeira, Y. (1 976). Overlooked personnel problems of multinational corporations. The International Executive, 18(1), 7-9. Zhen, X.C. and Francesco, A.M. (2003). The relationship between the three components of commitment and employee performance in China. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62(3), 490-510. Zhu, W., Chew, I.K.H. and Spangler, W.D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership & organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human-capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52. Zigmund, W.G., Babin, B.J., Can; J.C., and Griffin, M., (2010). Business Research Methods, South-Western Cengage Learning Jeroen P.J. de Jong and Deanne N. Den Hartog (2007). How leaders influence employees' innovative behavior, European Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 41-64. Bass, Bernard M and Jung, Dong I (2003), Predicting Unit Performance by Assessing Transformational and Transactional Leadership, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88, No. 2, 207-21. Biswas, S and Varma, A (2007), Psychological climate and individual performance in India: test of a mediated model. Employee Relations, Vol. 29 No. 6, pp. 664-676. |