Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia
This study aimed to determine if workplace bullying occurs at RHB Bank Berhad. In addition, this study also analyzed if there was a significant relationship between workplace bullying and the respondents’ demographic information such as age, gender, race, years of employment and position. Types of b...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | eng eng |
| Published: |
2015
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/1/s806393_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/2/s806393_02.pdf |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| id |
my-uum-etd.5484 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
uketd_dc |
| institution |
Universiti Utara Malaysia |
| collection |
UUM ETD |
| language |
eng eng |
| advisor |
Yusof, Abd Aziz |
| topic |
HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment |
| spellingShingle |
HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management Employment Thamarakshan, Shalima Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| description |
This study aimed to determine if workplace bullying occurs at RHB Bank Berhad. In addition, this study also analyzed if there was a significant relationship between workplace bullying and the respondents’ demographic information such as age, gender, race, years of employment and position. Types of bullying are divided into six forms, namely work-related bullying, personal attacks, social isolation, verbal aggression, physical aggression and the spreading of rumours. A total of 100
questionnaires were selected by random cluster sampling of the group and distributed, whereby 76 employees of RHB Bank branches at Pantai Lebuh and Jelutong, Penang and Bakar Arang , Sungai Petani responded. The instrument used
in this study was the slightly modified set of questionnaires NAQ (Negative Acts Questionnaire) accordingly. The data obtained were processed collectively using the
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Statistical techniques used were frequency, percentage, mean, median, standard deviation, Hypothesis Testing and Pearson’s Correlation. Based on the analysis of the questionnaires, it was shown that there exists a significant relationship between gender, job designation and duration of employment with workplace bullying. Race and age, however, did not seem to have a significant relationship with workplace bullying |
| format |
Thesis |
| qualification_name |
masters |
| qualification_level |
Master's degree |
| author |
Thamarakshan, Shalima |
| author_facet |
Thamarakshan, Shalima |
| author_sort |
Thamarakshan, Shalima |
| title |
Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| title_short |
Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| title_full |
Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr |
Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia |
| title_sort |
workplace bullying-a case study on rhb bank berhad, malaysia |
| granting_institution |
Universiti Utara Malaysia |
| granting_department |
Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/1/s806393_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/2/s806393_02.pdf |
| _version_ |
1747827937843871744 |
| spelling |
my-uum-etd.54842021-03-29T09:53:31Z Workplace bullying-A case study on RHB Bank Berhad, Malaysia 2015 Thamarakshan, Shalima Yusof, Abd Aziz Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HF5549-5549.5 Personnel Management. Employment This study aimed to determine if workplace bullying occurs at RHB Bank Berhad. In addition, this study also analyzed if there was a significant relationship between workplace bullying and the respondents’ demographic information such as age, gender, race, years of employment and position. Types of bullying are divided into six forms, namely work-related bullying, personal attacks, social isolation, verbal aggression, physical aggression and the spreading of rumours. A total of 100 questionnaires were selected by random cluster sampling of the group and distributed, whereby 76 employees of RHB Bank branches at Pantai Lebuh and Jelutong, Penang and Bakar Arang , Sungai Petani responded. The instrument used in this study was the slightly modified set of questionnaires NAQ (Negative Acts Questionnaire) accordingly. The data obtained were processed collectively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Statistical techniques used were frequency, percentage, mean, median, standard deviation, Hypothesis Testing and Pearson’s Correlation. Based on the analysis of the questionnaires, it was shown that there exists a significant relationship between gender, job designation and duration of employment with workplace bullying. Race and age, however, did not seem to have a significant relationship with workplace bullying 2015 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/1/s806393_01.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/5484/2/s806393_02.pdf text eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Akyüz, K. C., Gedik, T., Balaban, Y., Yildirim, İ., &Temiz, A. (2013). Bullying At Forest Products Industry In Turkey. International Journal of Economic & Administrative Studies, Vol. 6(11), 145-158. Akgeyik, T., Gungor, M. &Usen, S. (2007). Individual and organizational consequences of mobbing in the workplace: Case of banking sector in Turkey (a survey). Journal of Academy of Business and Economics, March 1, Vol. 7(3), 150-158. Almeida, P.P. (2003). The Moral Harassment in the banking sector, Report of Research for IDICT, Lisbon, Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity. American Psychological Association (2005). Bullying. Retrieved July 8, 2014, from http://www.apa.org/topics/bullying/ Andrea Adams Trust Fund (1997). Definition of workplace bullying. Retrieved September 1, 2013, from http://www.andreaadamstrust.org/ factsheet.pdf Andrews, L.W. (2004). Hard-core offenders.HR Magazine, 49(12).Retrieved June 26 2014, from http://www.shrm.org/hrmagazine/articles/1204/ 1204covstory.asp. Apau, M. (2010, January 24). Bullying in the workplace.The Borneo Post. Retrieved from http://www.theborneopost.com/2010/01/24/ bullying-in-the-workplace/ Ariza-Montes, J. A., Muniz R., N. M., Leal-Rodríguez, A. L., & Leal-Millán, A. G. (2014). Workplace Bullying among Managers: A Multifactorial Perspective and Understanding. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(3), 2657–2682. doi:10.3390/ijerph110302657 Aryanne, O., 2009. Managing Workplace Bullying. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. P.2-3 Archives Des Sciences Vol. 65 (4) Atkinson, C. (2002). Career Management and the Changing Psychological Contract. Career Development International, Vol. 7(1), 14-23. Azizi bin Hj Yahaya, Jamaludin Ramli, Noordin Hj. Yahaya, Saini Jaalam & Jasmi Ismail, Teachers and Students Perception towards Bullying In Batu Pahat District Secondary School,European Journal of Social Science, Vol. 11(4). Baillien, E., Neyens, I., De Witte, H., & De Cuyper, N. (2009). Towards a three way model of workplace bullying: a qualitative study. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology,Vol. 19, 1–16. Bank Negara Annual Report (2012). Retrieved from http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=en_press&pg= en_press_all&ac=2781 Bank Negara Statistics (2014, 21 Oct) Retrieved from http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=fs_mfs&pg=fs_mfs_list&lang=en Barling, J. (1996). The prediction, experience and consequences of workplace violence.In G. R. VanderBos& E. Q. Bulatoao (Eds.), Violence on the job (pp. 29-50). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Barton, E.A.(2006) Bully Prevention: Tips and Strategies for School Leaders and Classroom Teachers; (2nd edition). Corwin Press. Bernama, (2010, 9 February) Buli Di TempatKerja, KesanBurukBagiProduktiviti? Besag, V.E.,(2006). Understanding girls’ friendships, fights and feuds: A practical approach to girls’ bullying. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Beswick, J., Gore, J., & Palferman, D. (2006). Bullying at work: a review of the literature WPS/06/04. Derbyshire: Health and Safety Laboratories. Bordia, P., E. Jones, C. Gallois, V. J. Callan, & N. DiFonzo (2006). Management are aliens!: Rumors and stress during organizational change.Group and Organizational Management, Vol. 31 (5), 601–621. Brooks, C., (2014, October 16). Workplace Bullying: What Keeps Victims Silent. Business News Daily. Retrieved from http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/7303-bullying victims-silent.html Burnes, B., & Pope, R. (2007). Negative behaviours in the workplace: A study of two Primary Care Trusts in the NHS. International Journal of Public Sector Management, Vol. 20(4), 285-303. Cameron, L. (1998). Verbal abuse: A proactive approach.Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 29 (8), pp. 34–36 Chew Abdullah, Nor Azimah and Ali, Anizan (2012) Factors contributing to workplace violence: A study in the fleet supply depots in Malaysia. In: 3rd International Conference on Business and Economic Research (3rd ICBER 2012), 12-13 March 2012, Golden Flower Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia. Comish, R., & Swindle, B. (1994), Managing stress in the Workplace. National Public Accountant, Vol. 39(9): 24-28. Cooper, J. R., Walker, J. T., Winters, K., Williams, P. R., Askew, R., & Robinson, J. C. (2009). Nursing students’ perceptions of bullying behaviours by classmates.Issues in Educational Research, Vol. 19(3), 212-226. Corsaro, W. A., & Eder, D. (1995). Development and socialization of children and adolescents. Sociological perspectives on social psychology, 421-451. Cortina, L. M., Lonsway, K. A., Magley, V. J., Freeman, L. V., Collinsworth, L. L., Hunter, M., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (2002). What’s gender got to do with it? Incivility in the federal courts.Journal of Law and Social Inquiry, Vol. 27, 235–270 Cowie, H., Naylora, P., Rivers, I., Smith, P.K., Pereira, B., (2002). Measuring Workplace Bullying.Journal of Aggression and Violent Behaviour, Vol. 7, 33–51 Cox, H.C., (1987). Verbal abuse in nursing: report of a study.Journal of Nursing Management, Vol. 18 (11), 47–50 Coyne, I., Seigne, E., & Randall, P. (2000). Predicting workplace victim status from personality.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 9(3), 335-349. Daniel, T.A. (2006). Bullies in the workplace:A focus on the “abusive disrespect” of employees. Society for Human Resource Management.Retrieved from http://www.shrm.org/hrresources/white papers_published/CMS_018341.asp. Deniz, N., & Ertosun, O. G. (2010). The relationship between personality and being exposed to workplace bullying or mobbing. Journal of Global Strategic Management, Vol. 7, 129-142. Edwards, S.L., and O’Connell, C.F., (2007). Exploring bullying: Implications for nurse educators.Nurse Education in Practice, Vol. 7, Issue 1, 26-35 EinarsenS,&Sko¨gstad A. 1996. Bullying at Work: Epidemiological findings in public and private organizations. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 5, 185–201. Einarsen, S., & Raknes, B.I. (1997). Harassment in the workplace and the victimization of Men. Violence and Victims, Vol. 12, 247-263. Einarsen, S., (1997). Bullying at Work Some Theoretical Perspectives.Norwegian Journal of Organizational Psychology, Vol. 6 No. 2, 28-39. Einarsen, S., Matthiesen, S. B., & Skogstad, A. (1998). Bullying, burnout and well-being among assistant nurses.Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Vol. 14, 263-268. Einarsen, S. (1999).The nature and causes of bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 20(1/2), 16-27 Einarsen S., (2000) Harassment and bullying at work - A review of the Scandinavian approach. Journal of Aggression and Violent Behavior, Vol. 5, Number 4, July 2000, 379-401(23) Einarsen, S., &Hoel, H. (May, 2001). The Negative Acts Questionnaire: Development, validation and revision of a measure of bullying at work. Work presented at the 10th European Congress on Work and Organizational Psychology, Prague. Einarsen, S., Cary, L., Cooper, Helge, Hoel, Zapf, D., (2003). Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace: Development in Theory, Research and Practice. 2nd edition. Taylor and Francis Group. United State. Einarsen, S. (2003). The Concept of Bullying at Work: The European Tradition,[w:] Einarsen S., Hoel H., Zapf D., Cooper C.(red.) Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: International perspectives in research and practice. Einarsen S., Hoel,H., Zapf, D. & Cooper,C.L.(Eds.) (2003), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace.International Perspectives in Research and Practice (pp. 3-30). London: Taylor & Francis. Einarsen, S. (2005). The nature, causes and consequences of bullying at work: The Norwegian experience. Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé, (7-3). Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., & Notelaers, G. (2009). Measuring bullying and harassment at work: Validity, factor structure, and psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire - Revised. Work & Stress, 23(1), pp24-44. Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., & Cooper, C. (Eds.). (2003). Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: International perspectives in research and practice. CRC Press. Falconer, H., &Bagshaw, M. (Eds.). (2009). irs Managing Conflict in the Workplace. Routledge. Farrington, D.P. 1993. Understanding and Preventing Bullying.Crime and Justice, Vol. 17, pp 381‐458. Felix, E.D. & McMahon, S.D. 2006. Gender and Multiple Forms of Peer Victimisation: How Do They Influence Adolescent Psychosocial Adjustment? Violence and Victims, 21(6): 707‐724. Felson, R.B. (1992). “Kick’ em when they’re down”: Explanations of the relationships between stress and interpersonal aggression and violence. The Sociological Quaterly, Vol. 33, 1 – 16. Fisher-Blando, J.L. (2008). Workplace Bullying: Aggressive Behavior and Its Effect Ob Job Satisfaction And Productivity. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Pheonix, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America. Forni, P.M (2002). Choosing Civility: The 25 Rules of Considerate Conduct. New York: St. Martin's Press Fowler Jr, F. J. (2013). Survey research methods. Sage publications. Geddes, D., & Baron, R. A. (1997). Workplace aggression as a consequence of negative performance feedback. Management Communication Quarterly, 10(4), 433-454. Georgakopoulos, A., Wilkin, L., & Kent, B. (2011). Workplace bullying: a complex problem in contemporary organisations. International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 2 No. 3, 1-20 Glendinning, P.M. (2001). Workplace bullying: Curing the cancer of the American workplace. Public Personnel Management, 30(3), 269-287. Gök, S. (2011). Prevalence and types of mobbing behaviour: A research on banking employees. International Journal of Human Sciences, 8(1), 318-334. Hair, J.F., Jr., Babin, B., Money, A.H., & Samoeul, P. (2003). Essentials of Business Research Methods. United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Hair, Jr., J.F., Money, A.H., Samouel, P., & Page, M. (2007). Research methods for business. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. Hansen, Å. M., Hogh, A., Persson, R., Karlson, B., Garde, A. H., & Ørbæk, P. (2006). Bullying at work, health outcomes, and physiological stress response. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60(1), 63-72. Hanisah Aziz et al. (2010). Violence at workplace. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/hanisahaziz/violence-at-workplace Hensing, G., Alexanderson, K., Allebeck, P., & Bjurulf, P. (1996). Sick-leave due to psychiatric disorder: higher incidence among women and longer duration for men. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 169(6), 740-746. Hershcovis, M.S., & Barling, J. (2008). Outcomes of workplace aggression and sexual harassment: A meta-analytic comparison. Presented at the 7th Annual Work, Stress, & Health Conference, Washington, DC. Hershcovis, M.S., &Barling, J. (2010). Comparing victim attributions and outcomes for workplace aggression and sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 95, 874-888. Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Hoel, H., & Cooper, C. L. (2000). Destructive conflict and bullying at work. Manchester, UK: Manchester School of Management, UMIST. Hoel, H., Cooper C., (2001). "The experience of bullying in Great Britain: The impact of organizational status." European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 10(4), 443-465. Hoel, H., & Giga, S. I. (2006). Destructive interpersonal conflict in the workplace: The effectiveness of management interventions. Manchester: University of = Manchester. Hoel, H., (2013). Workplace Bullying in the United Kingdom.In Workplace Bullying and Harassment [The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training]. Retrieved from http://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/ jilpt-reports/no.12.pdf Ibrahim, Z. (2010, 16th Feb) Buli di tempat kerja. Utusan Malaysia Online. Retrieved from http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2010&dt=0216&sec=Rencana&pg=re_10.htm Jennifer, D., Cowie, H. and Ananiadou, K. (2003), Perceptions and experience of workplace bullying in five different working populations. Aggr. Behav.,29: 489–496. doi:10.1002/ab.10055 Jóhannsdóttir, H.L., andÓlafsson, R.F. (2004) Coping with bullying in the workplace: the effect of gender, age and type of bullying. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, Vol. 32(3), 319-333 Hazler, R.J., (1996). Breaking the cycle of violence: interventions for bullying and victimization. Washington, D.C.: Accelerated Development. Kahn, R., Wolfe, D. Quinn, R., Snoek, J., & Rosenthal, R. (1964). Organizational Stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Keashly, L., &Nowell, B. L. (2003).20 Conflict, conflict resolution and bullying. Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: International Perspectives in Research and Practice, 339. Keashly, L. &Neuman, J.H. (2004). Bullying in the Workplace: Its Impact and Management. Employee Rights and Employment Policy, 8(3), 335-373 Khalib, A.L. & Ngan, H.U. (2006). Workplace Bullying: time to understand its roots. Malaysian Journal of Community Health.Vol. 12 Khattak, J.K., Khan, M.A., Haq, A.U., Arif, M., & Minhas, A.A. (2011). Occupational stress and burnout in Pakistan’s banking sector. African Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 810-817. Kohut, M.R. (2007). The Complete Guide to Understanding, Controlling, and Stopping Bullies & Bullying at Work. Atlantic Publishing, Inc. United State. Lance, C.E., Butts, M.M., & Michels, L.C. (2006). The sources of four commonly reported cutoff criteria: What did they really say? Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 9(2), 202-220. Latest Case Updates from the Industrial Court. (2012, July 23). Retrieved February 10, 2015, from https://dymphnablog.wordpress.com/2012/07/ 23/latest-case-updates-from-theindustrial-court/ Lane, J. E. (2000). New Public Management, Routledge Chapman & Hall. Lentz, C. (2009). The Refractive Thinker: An Anthology of Higher Learning, (Volume 1). The Lentz Leadership Institute LLC. Levy, P. S., &Lemeshow, S. (2013). Sampling of populations: methods and applications. John Wiley & Sons. Leymann, H. (1990b): Mobbing and Psychological Terror at Workplaces, Violence and Victims, Vo.l 5(2), 119-126. Leymann, H. (1996). The Content and Development of Mobbing at Work.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol, 5(2), 165-184. Likert, R. (1932). A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes.Archives of Psychology, Vol. 140, 1-55. List of Licensed Financial Institutions, Bank Negara Malaysia, (2014) Retrieved from http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=fs_mfs&pg= fs_mfs_list&lang=en Lutgen-Sandvik, P. (2006). Take This Job and ... Quitting and Other Forms of Resistance to Workplace Bullying. Communication Monographs, Vol. 73(4), 406-433. Lutgen-Sandvik, P., Namie, G., & Namie, R. (2009). Workplace bullying: Causes, consequences, and corrections. In P. Lutgen-Sandvik& B. D. Sypher (Eds.), Destructive organizational communication: Processes, consequences, and constructive ways of organizing (pp. 27-52). New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Maciel, R.H., Cavalcante, R., &Matos, T.C.R. (2007) Self-Reporting carriers constrains situations at work and Bullying in Banking: A Portrait. Psychology and Society Vol. 19(2), 121-128. Mallow, M.S. (2014, 12th Aug) Workplace Bullying: Say no to job yobs. News Strait Times Online.Retrieved from URL:http://www.nst.com.my/ node/22409 Martino, V.D., &Musri, M. 2001. Guidance For The Prevention OfStress And Violence At The Workplace. Prepared for Department Of Occupational Safety And Health Malaysia, ISBN: 983-2014-18-2 Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2007). Perpetrators and Targets of Bullying at Work: Role Stress and Individual Differences. Violence and Victims, Vol. 22, 735-753. Matthiesen, S.B. 2006, Bullying at work: Antecedents and outcomes. (Doctoral dissertation) Retrieved from University of Bergen, Norway. Matusova, S. (1997). Democratic values as a challenge for education. European Education, 29(3), 65-77 McKay, R., Arnold, D.H.,Fratzl, J., &Thomas, R. (2008) “Workplace Bullying In Academia: A Canadian Study”, Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, Vol. 20, Issue 2, 77-100 McLaughlin, K., (2014, 24 August) Workplace Bullying: A Silent Epidemic, [HR Magazine] Vol. 59(10), Retrieved from http://www.shrm.org/ publications/hrmagazine/editorialcontent/2014/ 1014/pages/1014-viewpoint-workplace-bullying. aspx McPhilbin, J. (2004). Preventing workplace bullying. ACT WorkCover. Retrieved from http://www.workcover.act.gov.au/ Montes, J. A. A., Gutiérrez, A. C. M., & Campos, G. M. (2011). The “bullied” manager: An empirical study of individual, organizational and contextual factors. International Business and Management, 2(2), 06-23. Moreno-Jiménez, B., Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., Salin, D., & Morante, M. E. (2008). Workplace bullying in southern Europe: Prevalence, forms and risk groups in a Spanish sample. International Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Vol.13(2), 95-109. O'Moore, M. (2000). Critical issues for teacher training to counter bullying and victimisation in Ireland. Aggressive behavior, 26(1), 99-111. Namie, G. (2003). The WBI 2003 report on abusive workplaces. Retrieved from www.bullyinginstitute.organization Namie, G. (2007). The Workplace Bullying Institute 2007 US Workplace Bullying Survey. Retrieved from WAITT for Violence Prevention http://workplacebullying.org/multi/pdf/WBIsurvey 2007.pdf Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (1998). Workplace Violence and Workplace Aggression: Evidence Concerning Specific Forms, Potential Causes, and Preferred Targets. Journal of Management, Vol. 24(3), 391-419. Niedl, K. 1996. Mobbing and well-being: Economic and personnel development implications. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 5, 239–249. Notelaers, G., Vermunt, J. K., Baillien, E., Einarsen, S., & De Witte, H. (2011). Exploring risk groups workplace bullying with categorical data. Industrial health, Vol. 49(1), 73-88. O'Connell PJ, Calvert E, & Watson D. 2007. Bullying in the Workplace: Survey Report. Dublin: Department of Enterprise Trade and Employment. Economic and Social Research Institute Olweus, D. 1978. Aggression in the Schools: Bullies and Whipping Boys. Washington DC: Hemisphere. Olafsson, R. F. and H. L. Johannsdottir: 2004, ‘Coping with Bullying in the Workplace: The Effect of Gender, Age and Type of Bullying’, British Journal of Guidance & Counseling, Vol. 32, 319–333. Ott, E. M. (1989), Effects of The Male-Female Ratio At Work. Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 13, 41–57 Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2008). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (7th Edition). Philadelphia: Wolters Klower/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Quine, L. (2001). Workplace Bullying in Nurses. Journal of Health Psychology,6(1), 73-84. Quine, L. (2002). Workplace Bullying in Junior Doctors: Questionnaire Survey. BMJ, Vol. 324 (7342), 878-879. Rahman, I.A and Majid, E., (28 June 2010) MINDEF replaces RMC commandant after student’s death. The Star Online. Retrieved from http://www.thestar.com.my/story/?file=%2F2010%2 F6%2F30%2Fnation%2F6575374& Rayner, C. (1997). The incidence of workplace bullying.Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, Vol.7, 249-255. Ring, E.(2013, June 20th) 62% of staff bullied or intimidated but ‘too scared to report’. The Irish Examiner.Retrieved from http://www.irishexaminer.com/business/62-ofstaff -bullied-or-intimidated-but-too-scared-to- report-234552.html Rkaina, S., (September 2014). Bank worker who kneed chairman's groin 'guilty of worst negligence in 40 years' tribunal hears - Mirror Online. Retrieved from http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/bank-worker-who-kneed-chairmans-4306616 Salin, D.(2003). Ways of Explaining Workplace Bullying: A Review of Enabling, Motivating and Precipitating Structures and Processes in the Work Environment. Human Relations, Vol. 56 (10), 1213-1232 Santos, J.R.A. 1999. Cronbach’s alpha: A tool for assessing the realibility of scales. Journal of Extension.37(2): 1-4. Sekaran, U., and Bougie, R. (2009). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach. John Wiley & Sons: Boston. Shamsudin, F. M., & Rahman, R. A. (2006). Workplace violence in Malaysia and the relevance of OSHA 1994. Malaysian Management Review, 41(1), 1-20. Sheehan, M., (1999) "Workplace Bullying: Responding with Some Emotional Intelligence", International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 20(1/2), 57 – 69 Smith, J. W. (1998). ‘‘Alternative Perspective to View Workplace Experiences: Institutional Isolation Construct.’’ Psychological Reports, 88, 1323–1330. Smith, J. W. &S. E. Markham. (1998). Dual Construct of Isolation: Institutional and Social Forms. Strategic and Organizational Leadership Journal 2(2):51–66. Smith,J.W., T. Calasanti (2005). The Influences of Gender, Race and Ethnicity on Workplace Experiences of Institutional and Social Isolation: An Exploratory Study of University FacultySociological Spectrum: Mid-South Sociological Assc., 25 (3), 307–334 Smith, P. K., & Sharp, S. (1994). School bullying: Insights and perspectives. Routledge, West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001. Smith, P.K., Cowie, H., Olafsson, R.F., & Liefooghe, A.P.D. 2002. Definitions of Bullying: A Comparison of Terms Used, and Age and Gender Differences, in a Fourteen‐Country International Comparison. Child Development, 73(4): 1119‐1133. Sofield, L. & Salmond, S.W., (2003). Workplace violence – a focus on verbal abuse and intent to leave the organization, Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing, 22 (4), 274–283 SPSS FAQ-What does Cronbach's Alpha mean? (15th May 2015). Retrieved from: http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/spss/faq/alpha.html Sudermann, M., Jaffe, P.G., &Schieck, E. (1996). Bullying: Information for Parents and Teachers.London, ON: London Family Court Clinic. Retrieved from http://www.lfcc.on.ca/bully.htm Takaki J.L., Yano E., (2006). The relationship between coping with stress and employment in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.J Occup Health.,48(4):276-83. Tan, K. (2013, October 20). Bullying in the workplace. The Star Online. Retrieved from http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/ 2013/10/22/Bullying-in-theworkplace/ Tavakol, M., &Dennick, R. (2011).Making sense of Cronbach's Alpha.International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53. Trijueque, D., &Gomez, J. (2010) Workplace bullying: Prevalence and descriptive analysis in a multi-occupational simple.Psicothema, 21(20, 288-293. Tsuno, K., Kawakami, N., Inoue, A., & Abe, K. (2010). Measuring workplace bullying: reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the negative acts questionnaire. Journal of occupational health, 52(4), 216-226. Turkel, A.R. 2007. Sugar and Spice and Puppy Dog’s Tails: The Psycho dynamics of Bullying. Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysts and Dynamic Psychiatry, 35(2): 243‐258. Twemlow, S.W. (2000), TheRoots of Violence: Converging Psychoanalytic Explanatory Models for Power Struggles and Violence in Schools. Psychoanal Q, 69, 741–785 UNISON (1997) Bullying at work: Bullying survey report. London: by UNISON Vartia, M. & Hyyti, J. (2002). Gender differences in workplace bullying among prison officers. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 11 (1), 113-126 Verdasca, A. T. (2011). Workplace Bullying, Power and Organizational Politics: A study of the Portuguese Banking sector. Verlinden, S., Hersen, M. & Thomas, J. (2000), Risk factors in schoolshootings. Clin. Psychol. Rev., 20, 3–56. Waltz, C., Strickland, O., & Lentz, E. (3rd ed.). (Eds.). (2005). Measurement in Nursing Research. New York: Springer. Wang, J. Pearson Correlation Coefficient. (2013). Encyclopedia of Systems Biology. Springer New York. ISSBN: 978-1-4419-9862-0 Woman City worker wins £800,000 in Deutsche Bank bullying case. Daily Mail Online. (August 2006). Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co. uk/news/article-398586/Woman-City-worker-wins- 800-000-Deutsche-Bank-bullying-case.html Woodman, P. & Kumar, V. (2008) Bullying at Work: The Experience of Managers. Chartered Management Institute: London Woodrow, C., & Guest, D. E. (2014). When good HR gets bad results: exploring the challenge of HR implementation in the case of workplace bullying. Human Resource Management Journal, 24(1), 38-56. Yildirim, A., &Yildirim, D. (2007). Mobbing in the workplace by peers and managers: Mobbing experienced by nurses working in healthcare facilities in Turkey and its effect on nurses.Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16(8), 1444-1453. Yıldırım, H., & Uysaloglu, B. (2012). Impact of Demographic Factors on Employee's Perception of Mobbing: A Case Study from a Logistics Company. Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 58, 634-644. Yilmaz, G. & A. UzunçarşılıSoydaş (2006), Bullying Among Turkish Bank Employees and Its Relation with Sick Leave, Proceedings of the 7thAsia Pacific Management Conference, Bangkok, 1-4. Yusof, Ab. Aziz (2001) Keadilan Organisasi dalam Pengurusan Perubahan: Satu Kemestian. Jelapang, 2 (2), 1-12. Zapf, D., Knorz, C., & Kulla, M. (1996). On the relationship between mobbing factors, and job content, social work environment and health outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 215-237. Zapf, D.(1999) "Organisational, work group related and personal causes of mobbing/bullying at work." International Journal of Manpower, (20:1-2), 70-85 Zapf, D., &Einarsen, S. (2003). Individual antecedents of bullying: victims and perpetrators. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: International perspectives in research and practice (1st ed., 165-184). Suffolk: Taylor & Francis Zafir Mohamed Makhbul & Durrishah Idrus. 2009. Work Stress Issues in Malaysia, Malaysia Labour Review, 3(2):13-29 Zeti, A.K. (2007, July). Keynote Address. Speech presented at the The 11th Malaysian Banking Summit- “The Malaysian Banking Industry Reinvention and Transformation”, Kuala Lumpur. Zikmund, W.G. (2003). Business research method (7th ed.). Kentucky: Thomson South-Western |