Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia

The objective of this study is to explore the factors that influence the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in selected Malaysia universities. A case study qualitative research design was used to answer four research questions. Open-ended interview questions were used to collect da...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei
Format: thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5523
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:5523
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language eng
topic LB Theory and practice of education
spellingShingle LB Theory and practice of education
Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei
Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
description The objective of this study is to explore the factors that influence the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in selected Malaysia universities. A case study qualitative research design was used to answer four research questions. Open-ended interview questions were used to collect data from the 11 participants as a sample of the study using a purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data analysis was used to reflect factors that influence the. academic performance of the participants. The results showed that academic satisfaction and self-motivation, customs, religion, and adaptation issues, and political situation in Libya and psychological tension are the contributing factors that influenced the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in selected Malaysia universities. The study also found that family responsibilities and psychological pressure, lack of English proficiency skills and academic stress, financial decision and fear of the future, family conflicts and partner attention deficit disorder, and lack of qualifying test before leaving Libya constitute to the factors affecting Libyan students' academic performance. In conclusion, the results of the interview reveal that a number of Libyan postgraduate students are facing some challenges which influenced their academic performance. negatively. The implication of this study suggested that higher education authorities in Libya should improve on their system of delegations and more funds should be allocated to all Libya embassies in various countries, so as to cater for the needs of Libya students followed by continuous supervision and suitable training programs before and after leaving the country.
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Master's degree
author Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei
author_facet Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei
author_sort Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei
title Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
title_short Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
title_full Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
title_fullStr Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia
title_sort exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of libyan postgraduate students in malaysia
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Pembangunan Manusia
publishDate 2018
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5523
_version_ 1747833205104312320
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:55232021-02-04 Exploring thr factors influencing the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in Malaysia 2018 Amna Salh Abdulrahim Hamei LB Theory and practice of education The objective of this study is to explore the factors that influence the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in selected Malaysia universities. A case study qualitative research design was used to answer four research questions. Open-ended interview questions were used to collect data from the 11 participants as a sample of the study using a purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data analysis was used to reflect factors that influence the. academic performance of the participants. The results showed that academic satisfaction and self-motivation, customs, religion, and adaptation issues, and political situation in Libya and psychological tension are the contributing factors that influenced the academic performance of Libyan postgraduate students in selected Malaysia universities. The study also found that family responsibilities and psychological pressure, lack of English proficiency skills and academic stress, financial decision and fear of the future, family conflicts and partner attention deficit disorder, and lack of qualifying test before leaving Libya constitute to the factors affecting Libyan students' academic performance. In conclusion, the results of the interview reveal that a number of Libyan postgraduate students are facing some challenges which influenced their academic performance. negatively. The implication of this study suggested that higher education authorities in Libya should improve on their system of delegations and more funds should be allocated to all Libya embassies in various countries, so as to cater for the needs of Libya students followed by continuous supervision and suitable training programs before and after leaving the country. 2018 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5523 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=5523 text eng closedAccess Masters Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Pembangunan Manusia Abdullah, M. C., Adebayo, A. S., & Talib, A. R. (2015). Relationship between demographic factors, social support and sociocultural adjustment among international post graduate students in a Malaysian public University. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 5(2), 87.Adiele E.E. and Abraham, Nath M. (2013). Achievement of Abraham Maslows Needs Hierarchy Theory among Teachers: Implications for Human Resource Management in The Secondary School System in Rivers State. Journal of Curriculum Teaching, 2(1), 140-144.Adler, P. (1975). The transitional experience: An alternative view of culture shock. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15(4), 1323.Adunola, O. (2011). The Impact of Teachers Teaching Methods on the Academic Performance of Primary School Pupils in Ijebu-Ode Local Council Area of Ogun State, Ogun State: Nigeria, Ego Booster BooksAL. Naba TV Chnanel, 2017 August 28:8: 54 PMAlakaam, A. A., Castellanos, D. C., Bodzio, J., & Harrison, L. (2015). The factors that influence dietary habits among international students in the United States. Journal of International Students, 5(2), 104-120.Alavi, M., & Mansor, S. M. S. (2011). Categories of problems among international students in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1581-1587.Alsahafi, N., & Shin, S. C. (2016). Factors affecting the academic and cultural adjustment of Saudi international students in Australian universities. Journal of International Students 2017 Vol 7 Issue 1, 7(1), 53-72.Altbach, P. (2015). Foreign study: Patterns and challenges. International Higher Education, (30).Altrichter, H., Feldman, A., Posch, P. & Somekh, B. (2008). Teachers investigate their work: An introduction to action research across the professions. Routledge. p. 147. (2nd edition).Al-Zubaidi, K. O., & Rechards, C. (2010). Arab Postgraduate Students in Malaysia: Identifying and overcoming the cultural and language barriers. Arab world English journal, 1(107-129).Amrai, K., Motlagh, S. E., Zalani, H. A., & Parhon, H. (2011). The relationship between academic motivation and academic achievement students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 399-402.Anderson, T. (1997). Integrating lectures and electronic course materials. Programmed Learning, 34(1), 24-31.Anra, Y., & Yamin, M. (2017). Relationships between lecturer performance, organizational culture, leadership, and achievement motivation. ???????, 11(2 (eng)).Arkoudis, S. (2006). Teaching international students: Strategies to enhance learning.Melbourne: Centre for the Study of Higher Education.Arkoudis, S., & Tran, L. (2010). Writing Blah, Blah, Blah: Lecturers' Approaches and Challenges in Supporting International Students. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 22(2), 169-178.Ayeni, A.J. (2011), Teachers professional development and quality assurance in Nigerian Secondary Schools, World Journal of Education, 1(2):143-149.Babbie, E. (2010). The Practice of Social Research Wadsworth Cengage Learning.International Edition.Baker, T. L. (1994). Doing social research. McGraw-Hill:York.Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory.New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, IncBandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co.Banks, J. A. (2015). Cultural diversity and education. Routledge.Bell, S. (2018). Addressing student plagiarism from the library learning commons.Information and Learning Science, 119(3/4), 203-214.Berk, L.E. (2000). Child Development (5th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. 23-38Bhardwaj, A. (2016). Importance of Education in Human Life: a Holistic Approach.International Journal of Science and Consciousness, 2, 23-28.Bilgin, I., Karakuyu, Y., & Ay, Y. (2015). The effects of project based learning on undergraduate students achievement and self-efficacy beliefs towards science teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 11(3), 469-477.Bloxham, S., & West, A. (2004). Understanding the rules of the game: marking peer assessment as a medium for developing students' conceptions of assessment. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 29(6), 721-733.Bovill, C. (2015). Internationalizing the curriculum. Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice, 3(3), 55-56.Boyce, G., Williams, S., Kelly, A., & Yee, H. (2001). Fostering deep and elaborative learning and generic (soft) skill development: the strategic use of case studies in accounting education. Accounting education, 10(1), 37-60.Boz, Y., Yerdelen-Damar, S., Aydemir, N., & Aydemir, M. (2016). Investigating the relationships among students self-efficacy beliefs, their perceptions of classroom learning environment, gender, and chemistry achievement through structural equation modeling. Research in Science & Technological Education, 34(3), 307- 324.Bricki, N., & Green, J. (2007). A guide to using qualitative research methodology.Retrieved from fieldresearch.msf.org.Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Bronfenbrenner, U. (1989). Ecological systems theory In R. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of child development: Six Theories of child development: Revised formulations and current issues (Vol. 6, pp. 187-251). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.Bruni, E. M. (2016). The time for thought... the meaning of education. Paideutika.Quaderni di formazione e cultura, 23, 200-215.Bukatko, D. and Daehler, M.W. (1995). Child development: a thematic approach, 2nd Edn, Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co. [Google Scholar] Cheek, N.H. and Burch, W.R. 1976.Cerasoli, C. P., & Ford, M. T. (2014). Intrinsic motivation, performance, and the mediating role of mastery goal orientation: A test of self-determination theory. The Journal of psychology, 148(3), 267-286.Chen, L. H. (2008). Internationalization or international marketing: Two frameworks for understanding international students' choice of Canadian universities. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 18(1), 1-33.Chi, M. The Malaysia insider. Retrieved from: //www.themalaysiainsider.comChoi, H., Lee, S., Chae, Y., & Park, H. (2018). Analysis of Differences in Academic Achievement based on the Level of Learner Questioning in an Online Inquiry Learning Environment. Educational Technology International, 19(1), 93-122.Choi, M. (1997). Korean students in Australian universities: Intercultural issues. Higher Education Research & Development, 16(3), 263-282.Chou, C. H. (2014). International students' learning experiences in Taiwanese higher education. California State University, Fullerton.Chua, Y. P. (2012). Mastering research methods. Mcgraw-Hill: Education.Click, A. B., Wiley, C. W., & Houlihan, M. (2017). The internationalization of the academic library: A systematic review of 25 years of literature on international students. College & Research Libraries, 78(3).Cohen, E. G. (1994). Restructuring the classroom: Conditions for productive small groups.Review of educational research, 64(1), 1-35.Cohen, L. M., & Morrison, L. (2004). K. (2000) Research Methods in Education. London and New York: Falmer.Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.Crouch, M., & McKenzie, H. (2006). The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research. Social science information, 45(4), 483-499.Crouch, M., & McKenzie, H. (2006). The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research. Social Science Information, 45(4), 18.Damodharan V. S. & Rengarajan .V (1999), Innovative Methods of Teaching, National Research Council, Educational Journal Publication.Daramola, S.O. (2006). Research and Statistical Method in Education. Ilorin: Bamitex Printing and Publishing.Darling-Hammond, L. (2015). The flat world and education: How America's commitment to equity will determine our future. Teachers College Press.Davidson, N., Major, C. H., & Michaelsen, L. K. (2014). Small-group learning in higher educationcooperative, collaborative, problem-based, and team-based learning: an introduction by the guest editors. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 25(3&4), 1-6.Denzin, N.K. (1978). Sociological Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: a systematic review. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 48(6), 1197.Drislane, R., & Parkinson, G. (2011). Qualitative research. In online dictionary of the social sciences.Dwyer, A. L., & Cummings, A. L. (2001). Stress, self-efficacy, social support, and coping strategies in university students. Canadian Journal of Counseling.Elias, H., Ping, W. S., & Abdullah, M. C. (2011). Stress and academic achievement among undergraduate students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 646-655.Emmanuel, A. O., Adom, E. A., Josephine, B., & Solomon, F. K. (2014). Achievement motivation, academic self-concept and academic achievement among high school students. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 2(2).Entwistle, N., & Ramsden, P. (2015). Understanding student learning (Routledge revivals). Routledge.Entwistle, N., & Ramsden, P. (2015). Understanding student learning (Routledge revivals). Routledge.Evans, D. and Gruba, P. (2002). How to Write a Better Thesis. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.Faisal Ahammad, M., Mook Lee, S., Malul, M., & Shoham, A. (2015). Behavioral ambidexterity: The impact of incentive schemes on productivity, motivation, and performance of employees in commercial banks. Human Resource Management, 54(1), 45-62.Federal Student Aid-: An Office of the US Department of Education (2018)https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/sites/default/files/federal-grant-programs.pdfFilck, Uwe, (2013). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis: Mapping the field.Los Angeles: SAGE Publication.Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. Handbook of qualitative research, 2(6), 645-672.Franken, R. E. (1994). Human Motivation. Brooks. Cole: Pacific Grove, CA.Friedman, B. A., & Mandel, R. G. (2011). Motivation predictors of college student academic performance and retention. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 13(1), 1-15.Galassi, J. (2017). Strengths-based school counseling: Promoting student development and achievement. Routledge.Ganyaupfu, E. M. (2013). Teaching methods and students academic performance.International Journal of humanities and social science invention, 2(9), 29-35.Gee, N. R., & Friedmann, E. (2017). Companion Animals as Moderators of Stress Responses: Implications for Academic Performance, Testing, and Achievement. In How Animals Help Students Learn (pp. 120-132). Routledge.Glaser, B. G. & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Piscataway, New Jersey: Transaction.Guo, Y., & Guo, S. (2017). Internationalization of Canadian higher education: discrepancies between policies and international student experiences. Studies in Higher Education, 42(5), 851-868.Gutman, Leslie; Schoon, Ingrid (2013). "The Impact of non-cognitive skills on outcomes for young people" (PDF). Education Endowment Foundation: 59.Hawthorne, K. A., Bol, L., Pribesh, S., & Suh, Y. (2015). Effects of Motivational Prompts on Motivation, Effort, and Performance on a Low-Stakes Standardized Test. Research & Practice in Assessment, 10, 30-38.Healy, K. (2016). A Theory of Human Motivation by Abraham H. Maslow (1942) reflection. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(4), 313-313.Hellstn, M., & Prescott, A. (2004). Learning at University: The international student experience. International Education Journal, 5(3), 344-351.Henderson, Z. P. (1995). Renewing our social fabric. Human Ecology, 23(1), 16-19.Hill, R. (1998). What sample size is enough in internet survey research. Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An electronic Journal for the 21st century, 6(3-4), 1- 12.Hirai, R., Frazier, P., & Syed, M. (2015). Psychological and sociocultural adjustment of first-year international students: Trajectories and predictors. Journal of counseling psychology, 62(3), 438.Higaard, R., Kova?, V. B., verby, N. C., & Haugen, T. (2015). Academic self-efficacy mediates the effects of school psychological climate on academic achievement. School Psychology Quarterly, 30(1), 64.Howard, L. W., Tang, T. L. P., & Austin, M. J. (2015). Teaching critical thinking skills: Ability, motivation, intervention, and the Pygmalion effect. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(1), 133-147.Howard, S. J. (2018). The Impact of Stress on the Turnover Rates for Teachers in Low- Performing Public Elementary Schools (Doctoral dissertation, Nova Southeastern University).Huitt, W. (2001). Motivation to learn: An overview. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved [date], from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/motivation/motivate.htmlHung, H. C., Young, S. S. C., & Lin, C. P. (2015). No student left behind: a collaborative and competitive game-based learning environment to reduce the achievement gap of EFL students in Taiwan. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 24(1), 35-49.Imenda, S. (2014). Is There a Conceptual Difference between Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks? Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi/Journal of Social Sciences, 38(2).Johnson, A., & Johnson, R. T. (2014). Learning together. Outskirts Press.Kail, R. V., & Cavanaugh, J. C. (2010). The Study of Human Development. Human Development: A Life-span View (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning).Kalaian, S. A., & Kasim, R. M. (2014). A meta-analytic review of studies of the effectiveness of small-group learning methods on statistics achievement. Journal of Statistics Education, 22(1).Karatas, I., & Baki, A. (2017). The effect of learning environments based on problem solving on students achievements of problem solving. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 5(3), 249-268.Kleinginna, P., Jr., & Kleinginna A. (1981). A categorized list of motivation definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motivation and Emotion, Vol. 5, 263- 291.Leask, B. (2015). Internationalizing the curriculum. Routledge.Leask, B. (2016). Internationalizing Curriculum and Learning for All Students. In Global and local internationalization (pp. 49-53). SensePublishers, Rotterdam.Levi, D. (2015). Group dynamics for teams. Sage Publications.Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), 473-475.Lui, M. (2009). Addressing the Mental Health Problems of Chinese International College Students in the United States. 10.Madge, C., Raghuram, P., & Noxolo, P. (2015). Conceptualizing international education: From international student to international study. Progress in Human Geography, 39(6), 681-701.Mahmud, Z., Amat, S., Rahman, S., & Ishak, N. M. (2010). Challenges for international students in Malaysia: Culture, climate and care. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 7, 289-293.Malaklolunthu, S., & Selan, P. S. (2011). Adjustment problems among international students in Malaysian private higher education institutions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 833-837.Manteghi, D. (2011). How to develop and implement a university course on family homelessness. Retrieved from https://www.ohio.com/akron/news/poverty- homelessness-on-rise-in-akron-canton-schools. See Lindsay, M. (2017). Collaborative efforts open Holy Trinity food pantry. Retrieved from http://www.akron.com/editions/Akron-Ohio-News-2017-December 14/Collaborative_efforts_open_Holy_Trinity_food_pantry.asp?aID=36377Maslow, A. (1968). Toward a Psychology of Being (2nd Ed.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.Maslow, A., & Lowery, R. (Ed.). (1998). Toward a psychology of being (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley & Sons.Meece, J. L. (2001). Child and Adolescent Development for Educators with Free Making the Grade. McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages.Mega, C., Ronconi, L., & De Beni, R. (2014). What makes a good student? How emotions, self-regulated learning, and motivation contribute to academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106(1), 121.Mekler, E. D., Brhlmann, F., Tuch, A. N., & Opwis, K. (2017). Towards understanding the effects of individual gamification elements on intrinsic motivation and performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 525-534.Mesidor, J. K., & Sly, K. F. (2016). Factors That Contribute to the Adjustment of International Students. Journal of International Students, 6(1), 262-282.Mesidor, J. K., & Sly, K. F. (2016). Factors That Contribute to the Adjustment of International Students. Journal of International Students, 6(1), 262-282.Miears, L. D. (2004). Servant-leadership and job satisfaction: A co-relational study in Texas Education Agency Region X public schools.Monash University, (2009). Write your data analysis. Retrieved from http://www.monash.edu.au/lls/hdr/write/5.8.htmlMorgan, H. (2017). Influence of Motivation in Academics. The Case of the Low Performing, High Performing Student. GRIN Publishing.Morse, J. M. (1994). Critical issues in qualitative research methods. Sage.Morse, J. M. (1994). Designing funded qualitative research. In Denizin, N. K. & Lincoln,Y. S., Handbook of qualitative research (2nd Ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Mustaffa, C. S., & Ilias, M. (2013). Relationship between Students Adjustment Factors and Cross Cultural Adjustment: A Survey at the Northern University of Malaysia. Intercultural communication studies, 22(1).Nachatar Singh, J. K. (2018). What are the factors that contribute to postgraduate international students academic success? A Malaysian qualitative study. Higher Education Research & Development, 37(5), 1035-1049.Nadtochy, Y. V., Klochko, E. N., Danilina, M. V., Gurieva, L. K., Bazhenov, R. I., & Bakharev, V. V. (2016). Economic factors and conditions for the transformation of the education services market in the context of globalization. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1S), 33-39.Nenty, H. J. (2010). Analysis of some factors that influence causal attribution of mathematics performance among secondary school students in Lesotho. Journal of Social Sciences, 22(2), 93-99.Nyroos, M., Wiklund-Hrnqvist, C., & Lfgren, K. (2018). Executive function skills and their importance in education: Swedish student teachers perceptions. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, 1-12.O'Donoghue, T., & Punch, K. (Eds.). (2003). Qualitative educational research in action: Doing and reflecting. Routledge.zo?lu, M., Gr, B. S., & Co?kun, ?. (2012). International students in Turkey in the light of global trends. SETA (Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research) Publications, Ankara.Pai, H. H., Sears, D. A., & Maeda, Y. (2015). Effects of small-group learning on transfer: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 27(1), 79-102.Pallant, J. (2011). Multivariate analysis of variance. SPSS survival manual. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin.Pandey, A., Nanda, G. K., & Ranjan, V. (2016). Effectiveness of inquiry training model over conventional teaching method on academic achievement of science students in India. Journal of Innovative Research in Education, 1(1).Patton, M. Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health services research, 34(5 Pt 2), 1189.Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative analysis and interpretation. Qualitative research and evaluation methods, 3, 431-539.Patton, M.Q. (1999). "Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis." HSR: Health Services Research. 34 (5) Part II. pp. 1189-1208.Perrott, E. (2014). Effective teaching: A practical guide to improving your teaching.Routledge.Phan, Huy P. (2012). A sociocultural perspective of learning: Developing a new theoretical tenet. Joint AARE APERA International Conference, Sydney 2012. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED542251.pdfPolit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2004). Nursing research: Principles and methods. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Rasskazova, E., Ivanova, T., & Sheldon, K. (2016). Comparing the effects of low-level and high-level worker need-satisfaction: A synthesis of the self-determination and Maslow need theories. Motivation and Emotion, 40(4), 541-555.Rimfeld, K., Kovas, Y., Dale, P. S., & Plomin, R. (2016). True grit and genetics: Predicting academic achievement from personality. Journal of personality and social psychology, 111(5), 780.Rivers, W. M. (2018). Teaching foreign-language skills. University of Chicago Press.Ryan, G. W., Bernard, H. R., Denzin, N., & Lincoln, Y. (2000). Handbook of qualitative research. Handbook of qualitative research.Salloum, S. J., Goddard, R. D., & Larsen, R. (2017). Social Capital in Schools: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis of the Equity of Its Distribution and Relation to Academic Achievement. Teachers College Record, 119(7)Sanjeev, M. A., & Surya, A. V. (2016). Two factor theory of motivation and satisfaction: an empirical verification. Annals of Data Science, 3(2), 155-173.Savelsbergh, E. R., Prins, G. T., Rietbergen, C., Fechner, S., Vaessen, B. E., Draijer, J. M., & Bakker, A. (2016). Effects of innovative science and mathematics teaching on student attitudes and achievement: A meta-analytic study. Educational Research Review, 19, 158-172.Sawir, E. (2005). Language difficulties of international students in Australia: The effects of prior learning experience. International Education Journal, 6(5), 567-580.Segi, U. (2010). Malaysia Education. Retrieved September, 2017, from http://www.malaysiaeducationguide.com/Shaari, A. S., Yusoff, N. M., Ghazali, I. M., Osman, R. H., & Dzahir, N. F. M. (2014). The relationship between lecturers teaching style and students academic engagement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 118, 10-20.Shafaei, A., & Razak, N. A. (2016). International postgraduate students cross-cultural adaptation in Malaysia: antecedents and outcomes. Research in Higher Education, 57(6), 739-767.Sherry, M., Thomas, P., & Chui, W. (2010). International students: a vulnerable student population. Higher Education, 60(1), 33-46.Shiraev, E. B., & Levy, D. A. (2016). Cross-cultural psychology: Critical thinking and contemporary applications. Routledge.Sincero S. M. Ecological Systems Theory. Retrieved Feb 15, 2018 from Explorable.com: https://explorable.com/ecological-systems-theorySlethaug, G., & Manjula, J. (2012). The Business of Education: Improving International Student Learning Experiences in Malaysia i. World, 2(6).Snoubar, Y., & Celik, G. (2013). Cultural differences of international students in Turkey and problems they experience. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 759- 766.Spradley, J. P. (1980) Participant Observation. Wadsworth, Belmont USA.Stipek, D. (1988). Motivation to learn: From theory to practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Stoyanov, S. (2017). A theory of human motivation. Macat Library.Sun, J. C. Y. (2014). Influence of polling technologies on student engagement: An analysis of student motivation, academic performance, and brainwave data. Computers & Education, 72, 80-89.Suskie, L. (2018). Assessing student learning: A common sense guide. John Wiley & Sons.Talebloo, B., & Baki, R. B. (2013). Challenges faced by international postgraduate students during their first year of studies. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(13), 138-145.Terrazas-Carrillo, E. C., Hong, J. Y., & Pace, T. M. (2014). Adjusting to new places: International student adjustment and place attachment. Journal of College Student Development, 55(7), 693-706.Tharp, R. (2018). Teaching transformed: Achieving excellence, fairness, inclusion, and harmony. Routledge.The Chronicle of Higher Education, (2011 May 15). Libyan Students in the U.S. and Canada face Financial and Legal Crises in Face of Civil War. Reported by Ian Wilhelm Retrieved from https://www.chronicle.com/article/Libyan-Students-in-the- US/127555The Government Offices of Sweden. International Sanctions: Sanctions against Libya Description of the sanctions. Retrieved from http://www.government.se/government-policy/foreign-and-security- policy/international-sanctions/libya/Thomas, K., & Althen, G. (1989). Counseling foreign students. In P. B. Pedersen, J. G. Draduns, W. J. Lonner, & J. E. Trimble (Eds.) Counseling across cultures (3rd ed., pp. 205-241). Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.Thomson, G., Rosenthal, D., & Russell, J. (2006, October). Cultural stress among international students at an Australian university. In Australian International Education Conference (pp. 1-8).Van Teijlingen, E. R., & Hundley, V. (2001). The importance of pilot studies. Social Research Update, 35(4), 1-4.Veblen, T. (2015). The higher learning in America: The annotated edition: A memorandum on the conduct of universities by business men. JHU Press.Wan, R., Md Nordin, S., & Razali, R. (2013). International students cultural experiences: Exploring socio-cultural and academic adjustment in Malaysian universities. Recent Advances in Modern Educational Technologies, 31-37.Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1999). The measurement of sociocultural adaptation.International Journal of intercultural relations, 23(4), 659-677.Westwood, P. (2018). Inclusive and adaptive teaching: Meeting the challenge of diversity in the classroom. Routledge.Whelan, A., Leddy, J. J., Mindra, S., Matthew Hughes, J. D., El?Bialy, S., & Ramnanan,C. J. (2016). Student perceptions of independent versus facilitated small group learning approaches to compressed medical anatomy education. Anatomical sciences education, 9(1), 40-51.Yee, C. P., & Mokhtar, A. H. A. (2013). International students learning experiences at private higher education institutions in Malaysia. 092 Proceeding of the Global Summit on Education (GSE 2013).Yin, R. K. (2013). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage publications.Yu, B., & Wright, E. (2016). Socio-cultural adaptation, academic adaptation and satisfaction of international higher degree research students in Australia. Tertiary Education and Management, 22(1), 49-64.Yusuf, M. (2010). Memorization as a learning style: A balance approach to academic excellence. International journal of sustainable development, 1(6), 49-58