Amphiphilic chitosan derivatives as environmental friendly media for water-insoluble pesticide formulations
This research aimed to synthesis and investigate the potential of amphiphilic chitosanderivatives, namely N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan (NOOSC), N-octyl-N-succinylchitosan (NONSC), N-octyl-O-glycol chitosan (NOOGC), N-deoxycholic acid-Oglycolchitosan (DAGC), N-hexanoyl-O-glycol chitosan (HGC) and N-lau...
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| Format: | thesis |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6430 |
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| Summary: | This research aimed to synthesis and investigate the potential of amphiphilic chitosanderivatives, namely N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan (NOOSC), N-octyl-N-succinylchitosan (NONSC), N-octyl-O-glycol chitosan (NOOGC), N-deoxycholic acid-Oglycolchitosan (DAGC), N-hexanoyl-O-glycol chitosan (HGC) and N-lauryl-Oglycolchitosan (LGC) as environmental friendly media for atrazine, rotenone andthymol formulations. The amphiphilic chitosan derivatives were characterised usingproton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrometer, Fourier transforminfrared (FTIR) spectrometer, CHNS-O elemental analyser, fluorescence spectrometerand scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Encapsulation efficiency ofpesticide active ingredients by amphiphilic chitosan derivatives was determined usinga high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The release mechanism ofatrazine, rotenone and thymol from the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives micelles wasfitted to four kinetic models. Pot experiments were carried out to monitor theeffectiveness of each pesticide formulation on weed (Cyperus kyllingia) and chilli(Capcisum annuum) plant infested by aphids, thrips and white fly. Research findingsfound that the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives have formed self-aggregates with aspherical shape. The critical micelles concentration (CMC) values of the amphiphilicchitosan derivatives were between 0.008 and 0.089 mg/mL. The encapsulationefficiency values for the amphiphilic chitosan were higher than 50%. All amphiphilicchitosan derivatives enhanced pesticides release performance as compared to purepesticides solution. The constant (n) values obtained from Korsmeyer-Peppas kineticmodel suggest that the release of pesticide active ingredients from the chitosanderivatives micelle was controlled by relaxation of polymer chains. Based on potexperiments, the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives formulation effectively treat thetarget species. In conclusion, the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives are potential ascarrier agents for pesticide active ingredients. In implication, the amphiphilic chitosanderivatives as environmental friendly media able to reduce the use of organic solventsin pesticide formulations more than 60%. |
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