Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women

Nutrition and physical activity are the main strategies to improve metabolic healthamong individuals who are obese. However, nutrition (e.g. energy intake reduction)and physical activity are often considered independently rather than interactively;hence, these strategies are not always effective. Th...

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Main Author:	Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah
Format:	thesis
Language:	eng
Published:	2019
Subjects:	QP Physiology
Online Access:	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6486
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id	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:6486
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection	UPSI Digital Repository
language	eng
topic	QP Physiology
spellingShingle	QP Physiology Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
description	Nutrition and physical activity are the main strategies to improve metabolic healthamong individuals who are obese. However, nutrition (e.g. energy intake reduction)and physical activity are often considered independently rather than interactively;hence, these strategies are not always effective. The purpose of this thesis was toinvestigate how nutrition and physical activity interact to influence metabolic relevantfactors in obesity. In a first study it was observed, in a group of obese oroverweight/centrally obese men, that an acute bout of aerobic exercise performedin the overnight-fasted state substantially increased whole-body exercise fatoxidation and Type I fibre intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) utilisation ascompared to exercise performed in the fed state. In a second study, it wasdemonstrated that, like men, obese or overweight/centrally obese womenresponded to overnight-fasted vs. fed state exercise by considerably increasedwhole-body fat oxidation during exercise. Additionally, consuming breakfast afterexercise as compared to before exercise suppressed appetite sensations anddecreased subsequent energy intake at a later ad libitum style lunch. Comparisonsbetween the men and women provided initial evidence that the magnitude of changein substrate utilisation with pre-exercise feeding was greater in women as comparedto men. In a final study, a sex-difference in the response to feeding was confirmed,with women exhibiting an earlier metabolic response to glucose feeding and quickerreturn to baseline than men. In conclusion, the findings from this thesis havedeveloped new insights in the understanding of the impact of feeding on substrateutilisation during exercise and the influences of biological sex on metabolicresponses to feeding. This understanding may have practical implications on currentpractice, for example in terms of guiding future experimental research whereby sexdifferencesshould be accounted in the metabolic research. The findings also canbe applied in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours and informing public healthpolicy.
format	thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah
author_facet	Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah
author_sort	Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah
title	Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
title_short	Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
title_full	Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
title_fullStr	Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
title_full_unstemmed	Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
title_sort	metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women
granting_institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department	Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan
publishDate	2019
url	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6486
_version_	1747833269365243904
spelling	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:64862021-11-30 Metabolic responses to feeding and exercise in men and women 2019 Nurul Fadhilah Abdullah QP Physiology Nutrition and physical activity are the main strategies to improve metabolic healthamong individuals who are obese. However, nutrition (e.g. energy intake reduction)and physical activity are often considered independently rather than interactively;hence, these strategies are not always effective. The purpose of this thesis was toinvestigate how nutrition and physical activity interact to influence metabolic relevantfactors in obesity. In a first study it was observed, in a group of obese oroverweight/centrally obese men, that an acute bout of aerobic exercise performedin the overnight-fasted state substantially increased whole-body exercise fatoxidation and Type I fibre intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) utilisation ascompared to exercise performed in the fed state. In a second study, it wasdemonstrated that, like men, obese or overweight/centrally obese womenresponded to overnight-fasted vs. fed state exercise by considerably increasedwhole-body fat oxidation during exercise. Additionally, consuming breakfast afterexercise as compared to before exercise suppressed appetite sensations anddecreased subsequent energy intake at a later ad libitum style lunch. Comparisonsbetween the men and women provided initial evidence that the magnitude of changein substrate utilisation with pre-exercise feeding was greater in women as comparedto men. In a final study, a sex-difference in the response to feeding was confirmed,with women exhibiting an earlier metabolic response to glucose feeding and quickerreturn to baseline than men. In conclusion, the findings from this thesis havedeveloped new insights in the understanding of the impact of feeding on substrateutilisation during exercise and the influences of biological sex on metabolicresponses to feeding. This understanding may have practical implications on currentpractice, for example in terms of guiding future experimental research whereby sexdifferencesshould be accounted in the metabolic research. The findings also canbe applied in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours and informing public healthpolicy. 2019 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6486 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6486 text eng closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Kejurulatihan ACHTEN, J., GLEESON, M. & JEUKENDRUP, A E. 2002. Determination of theexercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation. Medicine and Science inSports and Exercise, 34(1),92-97.ACHTEN, J. & JEUKENDRUP, A E. 2003. Effects of pre-exercise ingestion ofcarbohydrate on glycaemic and insulinaemic responses during subsequentexercise at differing intensities. European Journal of Applied Physiology,88(4-5),466-471.ACHTEN, J., VENABLES, M. C. & JEUKENDRUP, A E. 2003. 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