Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan

Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusankewangan, hutang, dan faktor demografik (jantina, umur, tahap pendidikan dan zon kajian) terhadapkesejahteraan kewangan dalam kalangan pekerja di Zon Tengah (Wilayah Persekutuan KualaLumpur dan Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya)...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6649
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:6649
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic
spellingShingle
Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad
Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
description Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusankewangan, hutang, dan faktor demografik (jantina, umur, tahap pendidikan dan zon kajian) terhadapkesejahteraan kewangan dalam kalangan pekerja di Zon Tengah (Wilayah Persekutuan KualaLumpur dan Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya) dan Zon Utara (Perak dan Kedah), Malaysia.Pendekatan kuantitatif yang melibatkan seramai 403 orang pekerja yang berkhidmat dalam sektorawam dan swasta terlibat dalam kajian ini. Sampel diperoleh melalui pengedaran borangsoal selidik secara dalam talian melaui e-mel kepada responden yang bekerja dalam organisasi dizon kajian. Analisis data dibahagikan kepada analisis deskriptif iaitu analisis min,peratus dan sisihan piawai serta analisis inferensi yang melibatkan ujian ANOVA, korelasiPearson dan regresi berganda. Dapatan ANOVA mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi tahapliterasi kewangan (p= 0.028), pengurusan kewangan (p= 0.000), hutang (p= 0.000) dan kesejahteraankewangan (p= 0.001) berdasarkan faktor umur responden. Analisis korelasi Pearson mendapati wujudnyahubungan yang signifikan di antara tahap literasi kewangan (r= 0.024, p= 0.011),pengurusan kewangan (r= 0.524, p= 0.000) dan hutang (r= 0.622, p= 0.000) dengankesejahteraan kewangan. Analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan nilai R terlaras bersamaandengan 0.51 dengan pemboleh ubah pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan umur mempengaruhikesejahteraan kewangan (=0.814, p= 0.000). Dapatan kajian ini boleh dijadikan asas oleh pihakpembuat dasar dalam memperkenalkan pelan pendidikan kewangan yang bersifat komprehensif melaluibadan-badan kerajaan dan bukan kerajaan seperti Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM), AgensiKaunseling dan Pengurusan Kredit (AKPK) dan majikan dalam membantu golongan pekerja mencapaikesejahteraan kewangan. Pengetahuan kewangan yang baik akan membolehkan individu bekerjamemainkan peranan secara berkesan dalam suasana ekonomi negara yang semakinmencabar.
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Master's degree
author Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad
author_facet Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad
author_sort Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad
title Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
title_short Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
title_full Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
title_fullStr Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
title_full_unstemmed Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
title_sort pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi
publishDate 2019
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6649
_version_ 1747833285316182016
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:66492022-02-03 Pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan faktor demografi terhadap kesejahteraan kewangan 2019 Nur Aina Nadiah Muhammad Kajian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh tahap literasi kewangan, pengurusankewangan, hutang, dan faktor demografik (jantina, umur, tahap pendidikan dan zon kajian) terhadapkesejahteraan kewangan dalam kalangan pekerja di Zon Tengah (Wilayah Persekutuan KualaLumpur dan Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya) dan Zon Utara (Perak dan Kedah), Malaysia.Pendekatan kuantitatif yang melibatkan seramai 403 orang pekerja yang berkhidmat dalam sektorawam dan swasta terlibat dalam kajian ini. Sampel diperoleh melalui pengedaran borangsoal selidik secara dalam talian melaui e-mel kepada responden yang bekerja dalam organisasi dizon kajian. Analisis data dibahagikan kepada analisis deskriptif iaitu analisis min,peratus dan sisihan piawai serta analisis inferensi yang melibatkan ujian ANOVA, korelasiPearson dan regresi berganda. Dapatan ANOVA mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi tahapliterasi kewangan (p= 0.028), pengurusan kewangan (p= 0.000), hutang (p= 0.000) dan kesejahteraankewangan (p= 0.001) berdasarkan faktor umur responden. Analisis korelasi Pearson mendapati wujudnyahubungan yang signifikan di antara tahap literasi kewangan (r= 0.024, p= 0.011),pengurusan kewangan (r= 0.524, p= 0.000) dan hutang (r= 0.622, p= 0.000) dengankesejahteraan kewangan. Analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan nilai R terlaras bersamaandengan 0.51 dengan pemboleh ubah pengurusan kewangan, hutang dan umur mempengaruhikesejahteraan kewangan (=0.814, p= 0.000). Dapatan kajian ini boleh dijadikan asas oleh pihakpembuat dasar dalam memperkenalkan pelan pendidikan kewangan yang bersifat komprehensif melaluibadan-badan kerajaan dan bukan kerajaan seperti Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM), AgensiKaunseling dan Pengurusan Kredit (AKPK) dan majikan dalam membantu golongan pekerja mencapaikesejahteraan kewangan. Pengetahuan kewangan yang baik akan membolehkan individu bekerjamemainkan peranan secara berkesan dalam suasana ekonomi negara yang semakinmencabar. 2019 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6649 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=6649 text zsm closedAccess Masters Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi Abdul Basit Hodari, Tamat Sarmidi & Norlida Hanim Mohd Salleh (2014). Hutang dan Golongan Mudadi Malaysia: Satu Kajian Awal. Prosiding Perkem Ke-9, pp. 83844.Adams, T. & Moore, M. (2007). High-risk health and credit behavior among 18 to 25 years old collegestudents. Journal of American College Health, Vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 101108.Ahmad Mahzan Ayob (2007). Kaedah penyelidikan sains sosial. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa danPustaka.Ahmad Maslan (2015). 23,484 golongan belia muflis. Dimuat turun darihttp://www.utusan.com.my/berita/parlimen/23-484-golongan-belia-muflis- 1.107133.Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and HumanDecision Processes, Vol. 50, pp. 179-211.Akhiar Pardi & Shamsina Shamsuddin (2011). Pengantar Penyelidikan Tindakan dalamPenyelidikan Pendidikan. Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd.Al-Tamimi, Hussein A. Hasan & Al Anood bin Kalli (2009). Financial Literacy and Investment Decisionof UAE Investor. The Journal of Risk Finance, Vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 500-516.Amer Azlan Abdul Jamal, Wijaya Kamal Ramlan, Mohd Rahimie Abdul Karim & Zaiton Osman(2015). The effects of social influence and financial literacy on savings behavior: A study onstudents of higher learning institutions in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. International Journal ofBusiness and Social Science, Vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 110-119.American Savings Education Council & AARP (2008). Preparing for their future: A look at thefinancial state of Gen X and Gen Y: Washington.Andrews, B. & Wilding, J. M. (2004). The relation of depression and anxiety to life- stress andachievement in students. British Journal of Psychology, Vol. 95, no.p. 509-521.Archuleta, K. L., Dale, A. & Spann, S. M. (2013). College students and financialdistress: Exploring debt, financial satisfaction, and financial anxiety. Financial Counseling andPlanning, Vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 50-62.Atkinson, A. & Messy, F. (2012). Measuring financial literacy: Results of the OECD / internationalnetwork on financial education (INFE) pilot study. OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insuranceand Private Pensions, Vol. 15: OECD Publishing.Australian Securities & Investment Commission (2014). National financial literacy strategy:ASIC.Azizah Shaari, Nurfadhilah Hasan, Kumar, R., Moona Mohamed & Mior Ahmad Jafri Md Sabri (2013).Financial literacy: a study among the university students. Interdisciplinary Journal ofContemorary Research in Business, Vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 279299.Azizi Yahaya, Shahrin Hashim, Jamaludin Ramli, Yusof Boon & Abdul Rahman Hamdan (2007). Menguasai penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia: PTS Professional.Azlina Zainal Abidin, Tamat Sarmidi & Abu Hassan Shaari Md Nor (2013). Jurang Pendapatan dan HutangIsi Rumah. PERKEM, Vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 445459.Azwa Mohd Noor Sapee (2011). Pembelajaran dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran PrinsipPerakaunan di sekolah menengah. Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi: Universiti Pendidikan SultanIdris.Azwadi Ali, Mohd SA Rahman & Alif Bakar (2013) Financial Literacy andSatisfaction in Malaysia: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Trade,Economics and Finance, Vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 319-324.Azwadi Ali, Mohd Shaari Abd Rahman & Alif Bakar (2015). "Financial satisfaction and the influence of financial literacy in Malaysia." Social Indicators Research, Vol. 120, no.1, pp. 137-156.Bank Negara Malaysia (2015). The Ratio of Household Debt to Gross Domestic Product RoseMarginally to 89.1% in 2015 from 86.7% in 2013. Retrieved from http://bnm.gov.myBank Negara Malaysia (2016). Laporan kestabilan kewangan dan sistem pembayaran. Retrieved from http://www.bnm.gov.my/files/publication/fsps/bm/2016/fs2016_buku.pdf.Barba, A. & Pivetti, M. (2008). Rising household debt: Its causes and macroeconomic implications-along-period analysis. Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 113137.Bell, E. & Lerman, R. I. (2005). Can financial literacy enhance asset building?Opportunity and ownership project. The Urban Institute, Vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1-7.Bensaid, B., Fadila, G., Roslan, M. N. & Yakub, Z. M. Y. (2013). Enduring financial debt: AnIslamic perspective. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 162-170.Bernheim, D. (1995). Do households appreciate their financial vulnerabilities? An analysis of actions, perceptions, and public policy. In: Tax Policy and Economic Growth.American Council for Capital Formation: Washington, D.C.Bernheim, Douglas (1998), Financial Illiteracy, Education and Retirement Saving, in Olivia Mitchell and Sylvester Schieber (eds.), Living with Defined Contribution Pensions,Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 38- 68.Bharat, S. T. & Surendra R. N. (2015). "Financial Literacy in Nepal: A Survey Analysisfrom College Students," NRB Economic Review, Nepal Rastra Bank, Research Department, Vol. 27, no.1,pp. 49-74.Boon, T. H., Yee, H. S. & Ting, H. W. (2011). Financial literacy and personalfinancial planning in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Economics andManagement, Vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 149-168.Britt, S. L., Grable, J. E., Cumbie, J., Cupples, S., Henegar, J., Schindler, K. &Archuleta, K. L. (2011). Student financial counseling: An analysis of a clinical and non-clinicalsample. Journal of Personal Finance, Vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 95- 121.Bryman, A. (2008). Social research methods: Oxford University Press.Campbell, J. (2006), Household finance, Journal of Finance, Vol. 61, pp. 1553-1604.Carpena, F., Cole, S., Shapiro, J. & Zia, B. (2011). Unpacking the causal chain offinancial literacy. World Bank working paper, pp. 5798.Cassidy, J. (2008). The Minsky Moment. Subprime mortgage crisis and possible recession, New Yorker fromhttp://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/02/04/the-minsky-moment.\Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (2011). Teens & Money Survey Findings: Insights into Money Attitudes,Behaviors and Expectations of 16? to 18?year?olds.Chinen, K. & Endo, H. (2012). Effects of Attitude and Background on Students PersonalFinancial ability: A United States Survey. International Journal of Management, Vol. 29, pp.778-791.Chintia Yohana Dwinta (2010). Pengaruh Locus of Control, Financial Knowledge, Income terhadap Financial Management Behavior. Jurnal Bisnis dan Akuntansi, Vol. 12, no. 3,pp. 131-144.Cho, S.H. (2009). Role of Saving Goals in Savings Behavior: Regulatory Focus Approach.Christelis, D., Jappelli, T. & Padula, M. (2010). Cognitive abilities and portfoliochoice. European Economic Review, Vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 18-38.Chua, Y. P. (2014). Kaedah Penyelidikan. Selangor: McGraw Hill.Chua, Y. P. (2012). Book 2-Research Methods, 2nd edition. Shah Alam: McGraw-Hill Education.(Published 18 Januar, 2012) ISBN: 978-967-5771-37-8, number of pages: 329.Chua, Y.P. (2011). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan. Kaedah penyelidikan: Mcgraw Hill Education.Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan. Buku 1. Kaedah penyelidikan.Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.).Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.Cohen, M. (2011). Financial Literacy: A Step for Clients towards Financial Inclusion, GlobalMicrocredit Summit Commissioned. Workshop Paper November, pp. 14-17.Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) (2013). Policy recommendations for advancingK-12 financial education. Transforming the financial lives of a generation of youngAmericans. CFPB.Cooper, D. R. & Schindler, P. S. (2011). Business research methods (11th ed.). New York: McGrawHill/Irwin.Crain, Susan J. (2013). Are Universities Improving Student Financial Literacy? A Studyof General Education Curriculum. Journal of Financial Education. Spring/Summer 2013, pp.1-18.Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. (3??ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitativeand qualitative research (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.Cude, B., Lawrence, F., Lyons, A., Metzger, K., LeJeune, E., Marks, L. & Machtmes,K. (2006). College students and financial literacy: What they know and what we need to learn.Proceedings of the Eastern Family Economics and Resource Management Association, pp.102-109.Cynamon, B. Z. & Fazzari, S. M. (2013). Inequality and household finance during the consumer age.Working Paper, Levy Economics Institute, pp.752Dahlia Ibrahim, Rabitah Harun & Zuraidah Mohamed Isa (2010). A study on financial literacy ofMalaysian degree students. Cross-Cultural Communication, Vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 51-59.Danes, S. M. & Haberman, H. R. (2007). Teen financial knowledge, self-efficacy and behavior: Agendered view. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 48-60.De Meza, D., Irlenbusch, B. & Reyniers, D. (2008). Financial capability: Abehavioural economics perspective. London: Financial Services Authority.Delafrooz, N. & Paim, L. (2011) Determinants of saving behavior and financial problemamong employees in Malaysia. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, pp.222-228.Delafrooz, N., & Paim, L. (2013). Role of financial stress on relationship betweenfinancial problem and financial wellness among Malaysia workers. African Journal of BusinessManagement, Vol. 7, no. 20, pp. 19-66.Dewan Rakyat. (2013) Parlimen Ketiga Belas. Penggal Pertama. Mesyuarat Pertama.Bil. 13.Dowling, N.A., Corney, T., & Hoiles, L. (2009). Financial management practices and money attitudesas determinants of financial problems and dissatisfaction in young male Australian workers.Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 5-13.Economic Planning Unit (2018). Prime Minister Department, Putrajaya. Retrieved August 15,2018 from http://www.epu.gov.my.Falahati, L. & Paim, L. (2012). Gender Differences in Saving Behavior Determinants among UniversityStudents. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, Vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 5848-5854.Faoziah Haji Idris, K. Sarojani Devi Krishnan & Norfiza Azmi (2013). Relationship betweenfinancial literacy and financial distress among youths in Malaysia - An empirical study.Journal of Society, Vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 106117.Fauzi, H., Jamal, A. & Mohd Saifoul, Z. N. (2014). Kaedah Penyelidikan & Analisis Data SPSS.Sintok: Universiti Utara Malaysia.Fidlizan Muhammad, Azila Abdul Razak, Mohd Yahya Mohd Hussin, Fatimah Salwa Abdul Hadi (2015).Kehidupan kelas menengah Malaysia: Satu kajian kes mengenai corak perbelanjaan guru dalam pemilikan aset dan pelaburan kewangan. Malaysian Journal of Society, Vol. 11, no. 11,pp. 1-13.Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1977). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: Anintroduction to theory and research.Fraczek, B. & Klimontowicz, M. (2015). Financial literacy and its influence on you customersdecision factors. Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 62-84.Fraenkel, J. R. & Wallen, N. E. (2008). How to design and evaluate research ineducation (7th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.Gallery, G. & Gallery, N. (2010). Rethinking Financial Literacy in the Aftermath of the GlobalFinancial Crisis. Griffith Law Review, Vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 30-50.Garson G. D. (2012). Hierarchical Linear Modeling: Guide and Applications.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.Gathergood, J. (2012) Self-control, financial literacy and consumer over-indebtedness.Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 590-602.Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E. & Airasian, P. W. (2012). Educational research:Competencies for analysis and applications. Boston: Pearson.Gazi Md. Nurul Islam, Yew, T.S., Nik Mustapha R. Abdullah & Viswanathan, K.K. (2011). SocialCapital, Community Based Management and Fishers Livelihood in Bangladesh. Ocean and CoastalManagement, Vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 73-180.Gerrans, P., Speelman, C. & Campitelli, G. (2014). The relationship between personal financialwellness and financial wellbeing: A structural equation modelling approach. Journal ofFamily and Economic Issues, Vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 145-160.Goi, C.L. & Nee, P.H. (2008), Alarming credit card debts and bankruptcies among the young, Malaysian Finance Association 2008 Conference Proceedings: Strengthening MalaysiasPosition as a Vibrant, Innovative and Competitive Financial Hub, Kuching, Sarawak.Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Aglobal perspective (7th ed.). USA: Prentice Hall.Hanudin Amin, Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman, Stephen Laison Sondoh Jr, & Ang Magdalene Chooi Hwa(2011). Determinants of customers' intention to use Islamic personal financing: The case ofMalaysian Islamic banks. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Vol. 2, no. 1, pp.2242.Harding, J. (2011). Financial circumstances, financial difficulties and academicachievement among first-year undergraduates. Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol.35, no. 4, pp. 483-499.Hastings, J.S., Madrian, B. C. & Skimmyhorn, W. L. (2013). "Financial Literacy,Financial Education, and Economic Outcomes," Annual Review of Economics, Vol. 5, no. 1, pp.347-373.Hennigan, M. (2008). The Credit Crisis: Denial, delusion and the "defunct" American economist whoforesaw the dnouement.Hidayat Syah (2010). Pengantar umum metodologi penelitian pendidikan pendekatan verivikatif.Pekanbaru: Suska Pres.Hilgert, M. A., Hogarth, J. M. & Beverly, S. G. (2003). Household financialmanagement: The connection between knowledge and behavior. Federal Reserve Bulletin,Vol. 87, pp. 309-322.Hisrich, R. D., Peters, P. M., & Shepard, D. A. (2008). Entrepreneurship. Singapore: Mc Graw HillInternational Edition.180Holden, K., Kalish, C., Scheinholtz, L., Dietrich, D. & Novak, B. (2009). Financial Literacy Program Targeted on Pre-School Children: Development and Evaluation. Credit UnionNational Association, pp. 2-46.Holland, J.H., Goodman, D. & Stich, B. (2008). Defined contribution plans emerging in the publicsector - The manifestation of defined contribution and the effects of workplace financial literacy education. Review of Public Personnel Administration, Vol. 28, no. 4, pp.367-384.Hung, A. A., Parker, A. M. & Yoong, J. K. (2009). Defining and measuring financial literacy.Working Paper, RAND Labor and Population.Husniyah Abdul Rahim & M. Fazilah Abdul Samad (2009) The impact of financial management practiceson financial well-being of families in Malaysia. Jurnal Pengguna Malaysia, Vol. 12, pp.27-41.Husniyah Abdul Rahim, Syuhaily Osman, Mohamad Fazli Sabri, Mohd Amim Othman, Ahmad Hariza Hashim (2005) Gelagat perancangan kewangan keluarga di Malaysia. Malaysian Journalof Consumer and Family Economics, Vol. 8, pp. 27-39.Huston, S.J. (2010) Measuring financial literacy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol.44, no. 2, pp. 296 - 316.Hwee J.K., Lin L.H. & Sellapan R.D. (2010) Financial planning and youth:Implications in educating generation Y. The 4E Journal, pp. 18 - 20.Ibrahim, M. E. & Alqaydi, F. R. (2013). Financial literacy, personal financial attitude, and formsof personal debt among residents of the UAE. International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol.5, no. 7, pp. 126.Jabatan Insolvensi Malaysia (2011). Kebankrapan di kalangan penjawat awam.Putrajaya: Jabatan Insolvensi Malaysia.Jabatan Insolvensi Negara (2013). Statistik Bankrup. Retrieved fromhttp://www.insolvensi.gov.my/images/documents/Statistics/Bankrupcy/Statisti k_Bankrap.pdf.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (2015). Dimuat turun pada 22 Jun 2015 daripadahttp://www.statistics.gov.myJabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (2017). Dimuat turun pada Mei 2018 daripadahttp://www.statistics.gov.myJariah, M. (2008). Gender in Everyday Life. Serdang: Universiti Putra Malaysia.Johanson, G. A. & Brooks, G. P. (2010). Initial scale development: Sample size for pilot studies.Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 70, no. 30, pp. 394-400.Joo, S. (2008). Personal financial wellness. Handbook of consumer finance research, New York:Springer, pp. 21-33.Joo, S. & Grable, J.E. (2004). An exploratory framework of the determinants offinancial satisfaction. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 25-50.Kaviyarasu Elangkovan & Ahmed Razman Abdul Latiff (2013). Bankruptcy: A Natural PhenomenaBeing Attacked on Malaysians. International Journal of Humanities and Management Sciences(IJHMS), Vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 2320-4044.Kefela, G. (2011). Implications of Financial Literacy in Developing Countries.African Journal of Business Management, Vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 3699-3705.Khairudin Ali (2011). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kesedaran Menangani MasalahKeberhutangan Serius Di Kalangan Penjawat Awam di Kuala Lumpur.Kim, J., Garman E. T. & Sorhaindo, B. (2003) Relationships among credit counseling clientsfinancial well-being, financial behaviors, financial stressor events, and health. FinancialCounseling and Planning Education, Vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 75-87.Kim, J., & Garman, E. T. (2004). Financial stress, pay satisfaction and workplaceperformance. Compensation & Benefits Review, Vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 69-76.Kim, J., Kwon, J. & Anderson, E. A. (2005). Factors related to retirement confidence: Retirement preparation and workplace financial education. Financial Counseling and Planning,Vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 77-89.Kindleberger, C. P. (1990). Manias, Panics, and Crashes (4th ed.).Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities.Educational and psychological measurement, Vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 607- 610.Kumaran, S. (2013). Financial Literacy, Financial Education: A Road Map to Personal FinancialWell-Being and Prosperity. International research journal of finance and economics, Vol. 108, pp.132-143.Leech, N.L., Barrett, K. C. & Morgan, G. A. (2005). SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use andInterpretation (2nd ed.), p. 76. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assosiates, Publisher.Llewellyn, T. R. (2012). Financial Literacy of College Students and the Need forCompulsory Financial Education.Lusardi, A. & Olivia S. M. (2011a). Financial Literacy Around the World: an Overview.Cambrige University Press, Oktober, 2011, Vol.10, no. 4, pp. 497- 508.Lusardi, A. & Olivia S. M. (2008). Planning and Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare? NBER WorkingPaper 13750.Lusardi, A. & Olivia S. M. (2011b). Financial Literacy and Retirement Planning in the UnitedStates. NBER Working Paper 17108.Lusardi, A. & Tufano. (2009). Debt literacy, financial experiences, andoverindebtedness. TheNational Bureau of Economic Research.Lusardi, A., Mitchell, O. S. & Curto, V. (2010). Financial literacy among the young.The Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 44, no. 2, pp 358-380.Mahdzan, N. S. & Tabiani, S. (2013). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Individual Saving: AnExploratory Study in the Malaysian Context, Transformation. Business and Economic, Vol. 12,no. 1, pp. 41-55.Mandell, L. (2008). The financial literacy of young American adults: Results of the 2008 NationalJump$tart Coalition Survey of High School Seniors and College Students, Washington, DC: Jump$tartCoalition.Mashithoh Ismail (2013) Kesan tret personaliti terhadap prestasi kerja dikalangan wargakerja Kementerian Tenaga, Teknologi Hijau dan Air (KeTTHA - FASS Final Project (Psychology).Faculty of Applied Social Sciences: Open University Malaysia.Maznita Mokhtar & Azman Ismail (2013) Shariah issues in managing household debt: the case ofMalaysia (isu-isu shariah dalam pengurusan pinjaman seisi rumah: kes Malaysia). Jurnal Pengurusan,Vol. 37, pp. 63-76.Md Lazim Mohd Zin, Hadziroh Ibrahim, Ahmad Zafwan Sulaiman (2018). Investigatingthe Determinants of Public Servant Income Management. The East Asian Journal of BusinessManagement, Vol. 8, no.2, pp. 33-41.Meliza Silvi & Norma Yulianti (2013). Sikap Pengelola Keuangan Dan Perilaku PerencanaanInvestasi Keluarga di Surabaya. Journal of Business and Banking, Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 57-68.Miles, J. & Shevlin, M. (2011). Applying Regression and Correlation: A Guide for Studentsand Researchers. California: Sage Publications Ltd.Minsky, H. P. (1974). "The Modeling of Financial Instability: An introduction". Modeling and Simulation. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual PittsburghConference.Minsky, H. P. (May 1992). "The Financial Instability Hypothesis" .Working Paper.Vol. 74, pp. 68.Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Managing risks in defined contribution plans: What does the future hold?Growing Old: Paying for Retirement and Institutional Money Management After the FinancialCrisis.Mohamad Fazli Sabri & MacDonald, M. (2010). Savings behavior and financial problems amongcollege students: The role of financial literacy in Malaysia. Cross-Cultural Communication, Vol. 6,no. 3, pp. 103-110.Mohamad Fazli Sabri & Mumtazah Othman (2010). Financial literacy: Research, education andpolicy implication. Family and Comsumer Sciences Research Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 53-71.Mohamad Fazli Sabri & Teo, T.J. (2014). The Influence of Financial Literacy, Saving Behavior andFinancial Management on Retirement Confidence Among Women Working in The MalaysianPublic Sector. Asian Social Science, Vol. 10, no. 14, pp. 40-51.Mohd Majid Konting (2005). Kaedah penyelidikan pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa danPustaka.Mohd. Majid, Konting (2009). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa danPustaka.Moorthy, M. K., Chelliah, T. D., Chiau, S. S., Lai, C. L., Ng, Z. K., Wong, C. R. & Wong, Y. T.(2012). A study on the retirement planning behavior of working individuals in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, Vol. 1,no. 2, pp. 54-72.Mullock, K. & Turcotte, J. (2012). Financial literacy and retirement saving.Department of Finance.Murphy, J. L. (2013). Psychosocial factors and financial literacy. Social SecurityBulletin, Vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 7381.Nazni Noordin, Zaherawati Zakaria, Mohd Zool Hilmie Mohamed Sawal, Kamarudin Ngah & Zaliha HjHussin (2012). Bankruptcy among young executives in Malaysia. International Conference onEconomics Marketing and Management, Vol. 28, pp. 132-136.Ng, S. T. (2016). Employees Financial Condition towards Intention to Perform: Mediated byFinancial Stress. Master dissertation/thesis, UTAR.Nor Malina Malek & Azrina Husin (2012). Pemilikan Rumah dalam Kalangan Masyarakat BandarBerpendapatan Sederhana dan Rendah di Malaysia.Noraini Idris (2010). Penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill. Northern, J. J.,OBrien, W. H. & Goetz, P. W. (2010). The development, evaluation,and validation of a financial stress scale for undergraduate students. Journal of College StudentDevelopment, Vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 79-92.Norvilitis, J. M., Merwin, M. M., Osberg, T. M., Roehling, P. V., Young, P. & Kamas,M. M. (2006). Personality factors, money attitudes, financial knowledge and credit carddebt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 36, pp. 13951413.Nuraini Abdullah, Mohamad Fazli Sabri, Husniyah Abdul Rahim, Mohd. Amim Othman, AfidaMastura Muhammad Arif & Nurul Farhana Zakaria (2013). Pengurusan Kewangan Dalam KalanganPekerja Muda.Nurul Alyaa Adillah Mokhtar, Mohamad Fazli Sabri, Ahmad Hariza Hashim, Husniyah Abd Rahim, Mohd Amin Othman (2013) Literasi, Sosialisasi, Tingkah Laku dan Kompetensi Kewangan dalam Kalangan Kanak-kanak. Jurnal Pengguna Malaysia, pp. 1-15.Ogilvie, J. (2008). Financial strategy. Oxford: CIMA Publishing.Oluwatayo, I. B. (2008). Explaining inequality and welfare status of households in rural Nigeria: Evidence from Ekiti State. Humanity & Social Science Journal, Vol. 3, no.1, pp. 70-80.Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, International Network of Financial Education. (2005). Supplementary questions: Optional survey questions for the OECD INFEfinancial literacy core questionnaire.185Othman Lebar (2009). Penyelidikan kualitatif: Pengenalan kepada teori dan metod.Tanjung Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.Pallant Julie. (2010). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS (4thed.), Australia: McGraw-Hill International.Pang, F. M. (2009). Boosting Financial Literacy, Benefit from Learning Study.Journal of Boosting Financial Literacy, Vol. 38, pp. 659-677.Poterba, J., Venti, S. & Wise, D. A. (2007). The changing landscape of pensions in the unitedstates. Technical report, National Bureau of Economic Research.Prawitz, A. D., Garman, E. T., Sorhaindo, B., ONeill, B., Kim, J. & Drentea, P.(2006). In Charge financial distress/financial well-being scale: Development, administration,and score interpretation. Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 34-50.Punaji, S. (2010). Metode penelitian pendidikan dan pengembangan. Jakarta: Kencana.Pusat Penyelidikan dan Sumber Pengguna (CRRC). (2012). Dimuat turun daripadahttps://www.insuranceinfo.com.my/help pada Jun 30.Ramlee Ismail, Jamal @ Nordin Yunus & Hariri Kamis. (2011). Analisis data danpentafsiran dengan menggunakan SPSS. Kuala Lumpur: Titisan Ilham.Rath T., Harter, J. & Harter, J.K. (2010). Well-being: The five essential elements.New York, NY: Gallup Press.Reed, M. & Cochrane, D. (2012). Student debt and the class of 2011. The Institute of College Access& Success.Remund, D.L. (2010). Financial literacy explicated: The case for clearer definition in anincreasingly complex economy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 276-295.Robb, C. A. & Woodyard, A. S. (2011). Financial knowledge and best practice behavior.Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 60- 70.Robson, C. (2011). Real world research: A resource for social-scientists andpractitioner- researchers. (3rd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Rosila Abu Zarin, Raziana Abu Zarin & Norbaini Abdul Halim (2008). The Open University Malaysia (OUM) Learning Management System (myLMS): Evaluating the effectiveness ofonline forum discussion for quantitative subjects.Roza Hazli Zakaria, Radiah Abdul Kader, Noor Ismawati Mohd Jaafar & Sabitha Marican(2012) Burgeoning household debt: An Islamic economic perspective. Middle- East Journal ofScientific Research, Vol. 12, no. 9, pp 1182-1189.Rubayah Yakob, Hawati Janor, Nur Ain Khamis (2015). Tahap Literasi Kewangan DalamKalangan Pelajar Universiti Awam: Kajian Di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Financial Literacy Level Amongst Public University Students: Evidence from Universiti Kebangsa.Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, pp. 98-117.Russell, K. & Stramoski, S. (2011). Financial management practices and attitudes of dentalhygienists: A descriptive study. American Dental Hygienists Association, Vol. 85, no. 4, pp.340-347.Rutherford L.G. & Fox, W.S. (2010) Financial wellness of young age 18-30. Family and ConsumerSciences Research Journal 38, no. 4, pp. 468-484.Sacala, D. C. (2016). Multiple linear regression used to analyse the corelation between GDP andsome variables. Revista Romn? de Statistic?-Supliment nr, Vol. 95.Sam, Y.T., Geetha, C. & Mohidin, R. (2012). What Were the Factors that Influence the FinancialManagement Behavior of Undergraduates? International Journal of Business Trends and Technology,Vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 2012. ISSN: 2249-0183.Shaari, N.A., Hasan, N.A., Mohamed, R.K.M.H. & Sabri, M.A.J.M. (2013). Financial Literacy: A StudyAmong the University Students. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, Vol.5, no. 2, pp. 279-299.Shim, S., Barber, B. L., Card, N. A., Xiao, J. J. & Serido, J. (2009). Financialsocialization of first-year college students: The roles of parents, work, and education.Youth Adolescence, Springer.Shim, S., J.J. Xiao, B.L. Barber and A. Lyons, (2009). Pathwaystolife success: Aconceptual model of financial well-being for young adults. Journal of Applied DevelopmentalPsychology, Vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 708-723.Shosh Shahrabani (2012). The Effect of Financial Literacy and Emotions on Intent to ControlPersonal Budget. A Study among Israeli College Students. International Journal of Economics andFinance, Vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 156-163.Siong, T. L., Ahmad Sabry, O. & Yong, T. H. (2013). Penyelidikan Tindakan dalam Pendidikan. KualaLumpur: Freemind Horizons Sdn. Bhd.Siti Rahayu Hussin, Salina Kassim & Nur Aien Jamal (2013) Credit card holders in Malaysia: Customercharacteristics and credit card usage. Journal of Economics and Management, Vol. 7, no. 1, pp.108122.Sitti Khadizah Hail (2013). Kesan pemilihan pelbagai kaedah pengajaran guru terhadappeningkatan minat dan tahap kefahaman pelajar. Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi: UniversitiPendidikan Sultan Idris.Socyberty.com (2012, January 2). Why-do-people-think-work-is-so-important. Retrieved from: http://socyberty.com/work/why-do-people-think-work-is- soimportant/.Subha, M. V. & Priya, S. (2014). The Emerging Role of Financial Literacy Financial Planning. International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 1, no. 5,pp. 400-408.Tabachinick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2001) Using Mutivariate Statistics, (4th ed.)Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, pp. 75.Taft, M. K., Hosein, Z. Z., Mehrizi, S. M. T. & Roshan, A. (2013). The relationbetween financial literacy, financial wellbeing and financialconcerns. International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 63.Thums, S.L., Newman, B.M. & Xiao, J.J. (2008). Credit card debt reduction anddevelopment stages of the lifespan. Journal of Personal Finance, Vol. 6, pp. 86- 107.Tumusiime, D.M., Vedeld, P. & Ssembajjwe, W.G. (2011). Breaking the law? Illegal livelihoods from aProtected Area in Uganda. Forest Policy and Economics, Vol 13, pp. 273283.Van Rooij, M. C., Lusardi, A. & Alessie, R. J. (2012). Financial literacy, retirement planning andhousehold wealth. The Economic Journal, Vol. 122, no. 560, pp. 449-478.Van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A. & Alessie, R. (2011a). Financial literacy and stock marketparticipation. Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 449472.Van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A. & Alessie, R. (2011b). Financial literacy and retirement planning inthe Netherlands. Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 593-608.Van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A. & Alessie, R. (2007). Financial literacy and stock market participation.National Bureau of Economic Research.Volpe, R. B., Chen, H. & Liu, S. (2006). An analysis of the importance of personal finance topicsand the level of knowledge possessed by working adults. Financial Services Review,Vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 81-99.Whitsett, C.H. (2012). High debt, low information: A survey of student loanborrowers. NERA Economic Counsulting on Behalf of Young Invicibles.Xiao, J.J., Tang, C. & Shim, S. (2009). Acting for Happiness: Financial Behavior and LifeSatisfaction of College Students. Social Indicator Research, Vol. 92, no. 53, pp. 53-68.Zafar U. Ahmed, Ishak Ismail, M. Sadiq Sohail, Ibrahim Tabsh & Hasbalaila Alias (2010).Malaysian consumers' credit card usage behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics,Vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 528-544.Zaimah Ramli (2010). Pengaruh pengetahuan, tingkah laku dan pembuatan keputusan kewangan ke atas kesejahteraan kewangan pekerja sektor awam yang berkahwin. Tesis Doktor Falsafah:Universiti Putra Malaysia.Zaimah Ramli (2011) Pengaruh pengetahuan, tingkah laku dan pembuatan keputusan kewangan ke atas kesejahteraan kewangan pekerja dalam keluarga dwi- pendapatan (PhD dissertation).Fakulti Ekologi Manusia: Universiti Putera Malaysia.Zaimah Ramli, Abd Hair Awang, Sarmila Md Sum, Jariah Masud, Sharifah Azizah Haron &Mumtazah Othman (2014). Kesejahteraan kewangan pekerja sektor awam di Malaysia: Kes pekerjakeluarga dwi-pendapatan. Malaysian Journal of Society, Vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 125-133.Zaimah Ramli, Sarmila Md Sum, Azima Abdul Manaf, Suhana Saad, Novel Lyndon, Mohd Yusof Hussain &Sivapalan Selvadurai (2012). Tingkah Laku Kewangan Guru di Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor. MalaysiaJournal of Society and Space, Vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 4248.Zaimah Ramli, Sarmila Md. Sum & Habib Ismail. (2013). Kesejahteraan Kewangan dalam Kalangan GuruWanita. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 129-135.Zainudin, A. B., Meor Ibrahim, K. & Yang, T. M. (2009). Pengaruh Sikap, Minat,Pengajaran Guru, dan Rakan Sebaya terhadap Pencapaian Matematik Pelajar. Skudai: UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia.Zuroni Md Jusoh & Lin, L.Y. (2012) Personal financial knowledge and attitude towardscredit card practices among working adults in Malaysia. InternationalJournal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 176-185.