Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak

<p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam kalangan masyarakat di negeri Perak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah pensampelan bola salji. Seramai 2...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Choong, Foon Yin
Format: thesis
Language:zsm
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7308
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:7308
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection UPSI Digital Repository
language zsm
topic HB Economic Theory
spellingShingle HB Economic Theory
Choong, Foon Yin
Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
description <p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam kalangan masyarakat di negeri Perak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah pensampelan bola salji. Seramai 206 ketua keluarga yang</p><p>membuat perbelanjaan makanan untuk isi rumah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data yang</p><p>diperoleh di analisis menggunakan ujian min, kekerapan, peratusan, korelasi Pearson,</p><p>ujian regresi berbilang dan diproses menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 23. Di samping</p><p>itu, dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan signifikan di antara umur dan pendidikan dengan perbelanjaan makanan. Dapatan daripada analisis regresi berbilang menunjukkan bahawa faktor kesedaran (1 = 0.283, p = 0.000), peribadi (2</p><p>= 0.393, p = 0.000) dan keagamaan (3 = 0.205, p = 0.004) adalah signifikan dan berkaitan secara positif manakala faktor sosial (4 = -0.159, p = 0.028) adalah signifikan dan berkaitan secara negatif dengan perbelanjaan makanan. Sementara itu, hanya faktor media (5 = 0.060, p = 0.487) didapati tidak signifikan. Kesimpulannya, tingkat perbelanjaan makanan di negeri Perak adalah tinggi dan keadaan ini didorong</p><p>oleh banyak faktor seperti kesedaran, peribadi, keagamaan, sosial dan media. Ini</p><p>termasuklah penawaran makanan yang pelbagai dengan harga yang mampu milik, fungsi pihak berwajib mempromosikan makanan, bekalan makanan siap dan tidak siap yang tinggi dan sebagainya. Implikasi kajian mengetengahkan kepentingan perancangan perbelanjaan terutamanya kepada setiap ketua keluarga. Hal ini penting</p><p>bagi memastikan masyarakat di negeri Perak mempunyai pengetahuan yang</p><p>mencukupi tentang pemilihan makanan yang baik untuk kesihatan.</p>
format thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level Master's degree
author Choong, Foon Yin
author_facet Choong, Foon Yin
author_sort Choong, Foon Yin
title Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
title_short Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
title_full Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
title_fullStr Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
title_full_unstemmed Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak
title_sort analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di negeri perak
granting_institution Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi
publishDate 2021
url https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7308
_version_ 1747833377401077760
spelling oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:73082022-08-12 Analisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam masyarakat di Negeri Perak 2021 Choong, Foon Yin HB Economic Theory <p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbelanjaan makanan dalam kalangan masyarakat di negeri Perak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kaedah pensampelan bola salji. Seramai 206 ketua keluarga yang</p><p>membuat perbelanjaan makanan untuk isi rumah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data yang</p><p>diperoleh di analisis menggunakan ujian min, kekerapan, peratusan, korelasi Pearson,</p><p>ujian regresi berbilang dan diproses menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 23. Di samping</p><p>itu, dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan signifikan di antara umur dan pendidikan dengan perbelanjaan makanan. Dapatan daripada analisis regresi berbilang menunjukkan bahawa faktor kesedaran (1 = 0.283, p = 0.000), peribadi (2</p><p>= 0.393, p = 0.000) dan keagamaan (3 = 0.205, p = 0.004) adalah signifikan dan berkaitan secara positif manakala faktor sosial (4 = -0.159, p = 0.028) adalah signifikan dan berkaitan secara negatif dengan perbelanjaan makanan. Sementara itu, hanya faktor media (5 = 0.060, p = 0.487) didapati tidak signifikan. Kesimpulannya, tingkat perbelanjaan makanan di negeri Perak adalah tinggi dan keadaan ini didorong</p><p>oleh banyak faktor seperti kesedaran, peribadi, keagamaan, sosial dan media. Ini</p><p>termasuklah penawaran makanan yang pelbagai dengan harga yang mampu milik, fungsi pihak berwajib mempromosikan makanan, bekalan makanan siap dan tidak siap yang tinggi dan sebagainya. Implikasi kajian mengetengahkan kepentingan perancangan perbelanjaan terutamanya kepada setiap ketua keluarga. Hal ini penting</p><p>bagi memastikan masyarakat di negeri Perak mempunyai pengetahuan yang</p><p>mencukupi tentang pemilihan makanan yang baik untuk kesihatan.</p> 2021 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7308 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7308 text zsm closedAccess Masters Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Pengurusan dan Ekonomi <p>Aaker, D. (2000). Building Strong Brands. The Free Press, New York.</p><p></p><p>Ab Rahman, N. H., & Wahid, H. (2016). Pola perbelanjaan makanan asasi golongan</p><p>miskin: kajian di Negeri Selangor. Prosiding Seminar Pengajian Islam (SEPIS)</p><p>2016, 128136.</p><p>http://www.ukm.my/hairun/kertas%20kerja/sefis%202016%20haslina.pdf</p><p></p><p>Abd Razak, S. M. (2014). Faktor dan implikasi tiada jaminan kedapatan makanan dalam kalangan mahasiswa yang menerima bantuan kewangan di institusi</p><p>pengajian tinggi awam (IPTA). Masters Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/39726/1/FEM%202014%206%20edit.pdf</p><p></p><p>Abd. Hadi, F. S., Mahjom, N., Muhammad, F., Mohd Hussin, M. Y., Zulkifli, N.,</p><p>Ramli, N. R., & Ahmad, M. A. (2016). Analisis sumber perbelanjaan perkahwinan dalam kalangan graduan. Management Research Journal, 5, 22-31.</p><p>https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/index.php/MRJ/article/view/1511</p><p></p><p>Abd. Talib, R., Lim, S. H., Fakhrurazi, H., Buhari, S. S., & Poh, B. K. (2013). Penilaian media bercetak untuk pendidikan pemakanan kanak-kanak berlebihan berat badan dan obes. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 11(2), 5562. http://ejournal.ukm.my/jskm/article/view/5337</p><p></p><p>Abdulah, F. (2017, Mac 16). Semua pihak perlu jaya matlamat kempen mencegah obesiti. Utusan Borneo Online.</p><p>https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2017/03/16/semua-pihak-perlu-jaya-</p><p>matlamat-kempen-mencegah-obesiti</p><p></p><p>Abdul Karim, N. A.-H., Rambeli@Ramli, N., Hashim, A., Hashim, E., & Mohd Kornine, N. H. (2017). Analisis perbelanjaan asas bulanan penjawat awam di Daerah Larut Matang dan Selama, Negeri Perak. Management Research Journal,</p><p>7(1), 125138.</p><p>https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/index.php/MRJ/article/view/1402/1011</p><p></p><p>Abdullah, M. A., & Ali, N. (2011). Amalan pemakanan dalam kalangan pelajar universiti dan implikasinya terhadap pembelajaran. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 14, 5968.</p><p></p><p>Abdullah, N. (2017, Oktober 5). Tangani obesiti melalui pendidikan sains. Berita Harian Online.</p><p>https://www.bharian.com.my/rencana/komentar/2017/10/333658/tangani-</p><p>obesiti-melalui-pendidikan-sains</p><p></p><p>Abdullah, R. (2018, November 7). HRPB bantu pesakit atasi masalah obesiti. Utusan</p><p>Online. http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/wilayah/perak/hrpb-bantu-pesakit-</p><p>atasi-masalah-obesiti-1.782357</p><p></p><p>Abuelfatah, K. (2014). Effects of dietary Linseed Based N3 Fatty Acids on growth performance Fatty Acid profile meat quality and Rumen Mucosal Morphology of Crossbred Boer Goats under intensive condition. Thesis Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Agresti A. (1990). Categorical Data Analysis. John Wiley and Sons.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Farid Qoureshm, N. S., Zulazmi, N. I. L., & Ghani, M. F. A. (2019). Perbelanjaan latihan di sekolah menengah sekitar Shah Alam, Selangor. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 6(1), 5982.</p><p>http://mjs.um.edu.my/index.php/JUPIDI/article/view/15856</p><p></p><p>Ahmad, A. (2010). Pentaksiran pembelajaran. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad, I. (2018, April 6). Pesakit obesiti meningkat. Sinar Harian.</p><p>https://www.sinarharian.com.my/edisi/perak/pesakit-obesiti-meningkat-</p><p>1.818779</p><p></p><p>Ahmad, J., Wahab, S., Hamid, A., & Pardi, M. (2012, September 7). Piramid Makanan Malaysia. Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. http://www.myhealth.gov.my/piramid-makanan-malaysia/</p><p></p><p>Ajzen, I. (1991). Organizational behavior and human decision process. Science Direct, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T</p><p></p><p>Allen, M. (2017). The SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods.</p><p>Newbury Park, California: SAGE Publications.</p><p></p><p>Amri, A. (2015, August 17). Kesan nutrien terhadap folikel ovari lembu pembiak</p><p>Kedah-Kelantan. E-buletin Teknologi Mardi.</p><p>http://ebuletin.mardi.gov.my/index.php/penerbitan/86-2015/bil-8-2015/399-</p><p>2015-08-17</p><p></p><p>Anderson, D. R., Sweeney, D. J., Williams, T. A., Camm, J. D., & Cochran, J. J. (2017).</p><p>Essentials of statistics for business and economics (8th ed.). Massachusetts,</p><p>United States: Cengage Learning.</p><p></p><p>Ang, K. H. (2016). Pengenalan rangkakerja metodologi dalam kajian penyelidikan: satu kajian kes. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 1723. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v1i4.30</p><p></p><p>Arikunto, S. (2010). Prosedur penelitian suatu pendekatan praktek (14th ed.), Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.</p><p></p><p>Aruan, D. T. H., & Wirdania, L. (2020). You are what you wear: Examining the multidimensionality of religiosity and its influence on attitudes and intention to</p><p>buy Muslim fashion clothing. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 24(1), 121136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-04-</p><p>2019-0069</p><p></p><p>Asamoah, E. S., & Chovancova, M. (2011). The influence of price endings on consumer behavior: An application of the psychology of perception. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 59(7), 2937.</p><p>https://acta.mendelu.cz/media/pdf/actaun_2011059070029.pdf</p><p></p><p>Audemard, J. (2020). Objectifying contextual effects. The use of snowball sampling in</p><p>political sociology. Bulletin of Sociological Methodology, 145, 3060.</p><p>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0759106319888703</p><p></p><p>Australian Medical Association. (2011, November 30). Traffic Light Labeling: Making</p><p>Healthy Food Choices Easier for Australians. Barton, Australian Capital</p><p>Territory: Australian Medical Association. https://ama.com.au/article/traffic-</p><p>light-food-labelling</p><p></p><p>Azeman, A. R., Mohd Raduan, N. F., & Othman, N. F. (2016). Pemilihan makanan di</p><p>kalangan pelajar Kolej Universiti Islam Melaka: satu tinjauan. Jurnal Hospitaliti Dan Jaringan, 1, 7180.</p><p>https://journal.kuim.edu.my/index.php/JHN/article/view/342/292</p><p></p><p>Aziz, W. A., Mamat, W. M. A. I. and Che Ku Hitam, C. K. N. H. & Ibrahim, M. Y. (2017). Tahap penghayatan agama dan amalan penggunaan lestari pengguna wanita di Kuala Terengganu. The International Seminar on Islamic Jurisprudence in Contemporary Society, 174182.</p><p>http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/id/eprint/1561</p><p></p><p>Badrie, N., Gobin, A., Dookeran, S., & Duncan, R. (2006). consumer awareness and perception to food safety hazards in Trinidad, West Indies. Food Control, 17(5), 370-377.</p><p></p><p>Badun, C., Evers, S. E., & Hooper, M. (1995). Food security and nutritional concerns of parents in an economically disadvantaged community. Journal of the Canadian Dietetic Association, 56, 7580.</p><p></p><p>Baharudin, N. N., Shahar, S., Md. Zainuddin, Z. (2017). dietary and lifestyle factors and its risk to kidney stone disease: A case control study at UKM Medical Centre. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 15(1), 113-130.</p><p></p><p>Baker, P. & Friel, S. (2016). Food systems transformations, ultraprocessed food markets and the nutrition transition in Asia. Globalization and Health, 12(80).</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-016-0223-3</p><p></p><p>Baskaran, S., Ayob, S. A., Ng, C. H., & Mahadi, N. (2017). Understanding purchase intention of ready-to-eat food among Malaysian Urbanites: A proposed</p><p>framework. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(11), 566579. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i11/3496</p><p></p><p>Baskerville, P. (2011, December 14). What are expenses in accounting? Saylor Academy. https://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/BUS103-</p><p>EXPENSES.pdf</p><p></p><p>Berty, T. T. S. (2019, Februari 23). 5 negara dengan tingkat kelaparan terparah di dunia. Liputan 6. https://www.liputan6.com/global/read/3902361/5-negara-dengan-</p><p>tingkat-kelaparan-terparah-di-dunia</p><p></p><p>Birari, A., & Patil, U. (2014). Spending and saving habits of youth in the city of</p><p>Aurangabad. The SIJ Transactions on Industrial, Financial and Business</p><p>Management (IFBM), 2(3), 158165.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.9756/SIJASREE/V4I5/0203230101</p><p></p><p>Bolarinwa, O. A. (2015). Principles and methods of validity and reliability testing of</p><p>questionnaires used in social and health science researches. Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, 22(4), 195201. https://doi.org/10.4103/1117-</p><p>1936.173959</p><p></p><p>Bouis, H., & Hunt, J. (1999). Linking food and nutrition security: Past lessons and future opportunities. International Food Policy Research Institute.</p><p>http://ebrary.ifpri.org/utils/getfile/collection/p15738coll5/id/2676/filename/2677</p><p>.pdf</p><p></p><p>Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2005). Quantitative data Analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A</p><p>guide for social scientists. Psychology Press.</p><p></p><p>Bulsara, H.P & Trivedi, K.G. (2016). An exploratory study of factors related to consumer behaviour towards purchase of fruits and vegetables from different retail formats. Journal of Research in Marketing, 6(1), 397-406.</p><p></p><p>Celnik, D., Gillespie, L., & Lean, M.E.J. (2012). Time-scarcity, ready meals, Ill-health</p><p>and the obesity epidemic-review. Trends Food Science Technology, 27(1), 4-11</p><p></p><p>Central Bureau of Statistics. (2011). Nepal living standard survey.</p><p>https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/1000</p><p></p><p>Chan, Y. T., Safii, N. S., & Chan, W. L. (2017). Pengaruh sosial dan multimedia terhadap pilihan snek kegemaran atlet ketahanan. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan</p><p>Malaysia, 15(2), 145151. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bda9/2afdaf5925042d1c6277fd7f8f91a1c74519</p><p>.pdf</p><p></p><p>Che Soh, N. (2018, May 9). Obesiti di Malaysia meningkat. Utusan Online.</p><p>https://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/forum/obesiti-di-malaysia-meningkat-</p><p>1.669069</p><p></p><p>Cheung, L. T. F., Chan, R. & Ko, G. T. C., & Lau, E. S. H. (2108). Diet quality is</p><p>inversely associated with obesity in chinese adults with Type 2 Diabetes.</p><p>Nutrition Journal, 17(1), 63.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2011). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Kaedah penyelidikan. Mcgraw-</p><p>Hill Education.</p><p></p><p>Chua, Y. P. (2013). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan buku 3: Asas statistik penyelidikan: Analisis. McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Chua. (2005). Dasar Pemakanan Kebangsaan Malaysia. Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2.</p><p></p><p>Cliff, N. (1987). Analyzing multivariate data. Harcourt College Pub.</p><p></p><p>Coakes, S. J. (2005). SPSS version 12.0 for windows analysis without anguish.</p><p>Australia: National Library of Australia.</p><p></p><p>Colorado Department of Agriculture, Colorado Department of Public Health &</p><p>Environment, & Colorado Farmers Market Association. (2021). Ready-to-eat.</p><p>Colorado farm to market. http://cofarmtomarket.com/prepared-foods/ready-toeat/</p><p></p><p>Connolly, A., & Davison, L. (1996). How does design affect decision at point of scale?</p><p>Journal of Brand Management, 4(2), 100-107.</p><p></p><p>Costa, A. I. A., Schoolmeester, D., Dekker, M., & Jongen, W. M. F. (2007). To cook or not to cook: a means-end study of motives for choice of meal solutions. Food</p><p>Quall Prefer, 18(1), 77-88.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). California, United States: SAGE Publications, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Delgado Ballester, E. & Munuera Aleman, J. L. (2005). Does brand trust matter to brand equity. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 14(3), 187-196.</p><p></p><p>Dickson, P.R., & Sawyer, A.G. (1985). Point of purchase behavior and price perceptions of supermarket shoppers. Marketing Science Institute Working Paper Series, 86-102.</p><p></p><p>Dodge, Y. (2008). The Concise Encyclopedia of Statistics. Springer Science + Business</p><p>Media.</p><p></p><p>Dubois, L., & Girard, M. (2001). Social position and nutrition: A gradient relationship</p><p>in Canada and the USA. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 55, 36673.</p><p></p><p>Duesenberry, J. S. (1951). Income, saving and the theory of consumer behavior. The Economic Journal, 61(241), 131-134.</p><p></p><p>Endut, W., Ahmad, F., & Mod Asri, N. (2007). Gelagat permintaan pengguna terhadap makanan luar: kajian kes di Ipoh, Klang dan Seremban. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 10(1), 8597.</p><p>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288592487_Gelagat_Permintaan_Pen</p><p>gguna_Terhadap_Makanan_Luar_Kajian_Kes_di_Ipoh_Klang_Fan_Seremban</p><p></p><p>Er, A.C., Ahmad, H., Mohamed Idris, N. F., Jusoh, H., Ramli, Z., Md Sum, S., Sahazali, N. (2014). Analisis faktor kepuasan pelancong terhadap tarikan pelancongan warisan di Melaka. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space, 10(8), 72-86.</p><p></p><p>Esch, F.R., Langner, T., Schmitt, B.H., & Geus, P. (2006). Are brands forever? How brand knowledge and relationships affect current and future purchases. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 15(2), 98-105.</p><p></p><p>Everitt, B. S., Skrondal, A. (2010). The Cambridge dictionary of statistics, Cambridge University Press.</p><p></p><p>Evers, S. E., Hooper, M. D. (1995). Dietary intake and Anthropometric Status of 7 to 9 year old children in economically disadvantaged communities in Ontario. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 14(6): 595603.</p><p></p><p>Farrag, D.A. and Hassan, M. (2015). The influence of religiosity on Egyptian Muslim youths attitude towards fashion, Journal of Islamic Marketing, 6(1), 95-108.</p><p></p><p>Fatimah. (2017, March 16). Semua pihak perlu jaya matlamat kempen mencegah obesiti. Utusan Borneo Online.</p><p>https://www.utusanborneo.com.my/2017/03/16/semua-pihak-perlu-jaya-</p><p>matlamat-kempen-mencegah-obesiti</p><p></p><p>Fisher, I. (1930). The theory of interest, as determined by impatience to spend income and opportunity to invest it. New York: Macmillan.</p><p></p><p>Fortin, N. D. (2011). Food regulation: law, science, policy and practice. New Jersey, United States: John Wiley & Sons, 35.</p><p></p><p>Fraenkel, J. R. & Wallen, N. E. (1996). How to design and evaluate research. USA:</p><p>Mc. Fraw-Hill Inc.</p><p></p><p>Francis-Tan, A., & Mialon, H. M. (2015). A diamond is forever and other fairy tales:</p><p>the relationship between wedding expenses and marriage duration. Economic Inquiry, 4(53), 19191930.</p><p>https://www.csus.edu/faculty/m/fred.molitor/docs/wedding%20expenses%20an</p><p>d%20marriage%20duration1.pdf</p><p></p><p>Friedman, M. (1957). A Theory of the consumption function. New Jersey, United States: Princeton University Press</p><p></p><p>Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E, & Airasian, P. W. (2014). Educational research competencies for analysis and application (10th ed.). Noida: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Ghadirian, P. & Shatenstein, B. (1996). Nutrient patterns, nutritional adequacy, and comparisons with nutrition recommendations among French-Canadian adults in Montreal. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 15, 25563.</p><p></p><p>Gillham, B. (2000). Developing a Questionnaire (Real World Research) (1st ed.).</p><p>Continuum, Paston PrePres Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2016). Statistics for the behavioral sciences (10th ed.). Massachusetts, United States: Cengage Learning.</p><p></p><p>Gunarathne, S., Wickramasinghe, N., Agampodi, T., Prasanna, I., & Agampodi, S.</p><p>(2021). Household food expenditure share during pregnancy: evidence from rural Sri Lanka. Current Developments in Nutrition, 5(2), 753.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_050</p><p></p><p>Gupta, B. N. (2020). Statistics. India: SBPD Publications.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate data</p><p>analysis (7th ed.), London: Pearson Education. Haji Omar, A. (2014). Pantang larang dalam kalangan orang Melayu: Analisis dari perspektif teori SPB4K, Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, 7(1), 76-</p><p>97.</p><p></p><p>Hamelin, A. M., Beaudry, M., Habicht, J. P. (2002). Characterization of household food insecurity in Quebec: Food and feelings. Social Science & Medicine, 54, 11932.</p><p></p><p>Hamizah, B. (2018, Oktober 5). Pilih pemakanan seimbang kekal gaya hidup sihat.</p><p>Metro Harian. https://www.hmetro.com.my/hati/2018/10/383078/pilih-</p><p>pemakanan-seimbang-kekal-gaya-hidup-sihat</p><p></p><p>Hamzah, A. (2010). Kaedah kualitatif dalam penyelidikan sosiobudaya. Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia, 6(1), 110.</p><p>http://www.myjurnal.my/filebank/published_article/14276/Article1JPMM2004.</p><p>pdf</p><p></p><p>Hamzah, M. R. (2013). Pemakanan parenteral: Implikasi terhadap status pemakanan pesakit di NICU, HWKKS. Thesis Sarjana Muda, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.</p><p></p><p>Haningsih, A. (2013). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam</p><p>pengambilan keputusan pembelian pada pusat perbelanjaan pasar raya di Kecamatan Kandis. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, 75.</p><p>http://Repository.Uin-Suska.Ac.Id/1929/1/2013_2013258men.Pdf</p><p></p><p>Hans, C.M. & Trijp, P. (1996). Why switch? Product category level exploitation for true variety seeking behaviour. American Journal of Marketing Research, 32(3), 105-116.</p><p></p><p>Haron, Z. & Husain, S. (2009). Persepsi mahasiswa spi terhadap amalan gaya hidup sihat menurut Islam dalam aspek penjagaan kesihatan dan pemakanan. Phd</p><p>dissertation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institutional Repository, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Harsha, V.G., & Amulya, M. (2017). Verbal impact of packing on consumer buying</p><p>behavior of ready-to-serve fruit beverages. International Journal of Business and</p><p>Management Invention, 6(8), 15-21.</p><p></p><p>Hawa, S., Kanani, H., Patel, M., Taneja, N., Maru, P., Kaliwala, S., Patel, S. (2014). A study on consumer purchase intention towards ready-to-eat food in Ahmedabad. Asian Journal of Management Research, 5(2), 202-209.</p><p></p><p>Haws, K.L., Rebecca, W.R., & Kevin L.S. (2017). Healthy diets make empty wallets:</p><p>The healthy = expensive intuition. Journal of Consumer Research, 43(6), 992-</p><p>1007.</p><p></p><p>Hazali, N., Osman, S., Masri, M., & Mohd Fadzlan, F. N. (2013). Functional foods</p><p>innovation: High calorie liquid formulations and its acceptability among IIUM Kuantan students. Malaysian Journal of Science, 32(2), 15-21.</p><p></p><p>Henderson, J., Mamerow, L., Taylor, A.W., Ward, P.R., Meyer, S.B. & Coveney, J. (2013). The importance placed on the monitoring of food safety and quality by Australian consumer. Journal of Law, 2(2), 99-114.</p><p></p><p>Henson, S., & Northen, J. (2000). Consumer assessment of the safety of beef at the point of purchase: A Pan-European study. Journal of Agricultural Economics,</p><p>51(1), 90-105.</p><p></p><p>Hersey, J.C., Wohlgenant, K.C., & Arsenault, M.K. (2013). Effects of front-of-package and shelf nutrition labeling systems on consumers. Nutrition Reviews, 71(1), 1-</p><p>14.</p><p></p><p>Ho, M. Y. J. (2020, September 15). Semarakkan hubungan antara kaum. Malaysia Kini.</p><p>https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/542668</p><p></p><p>Hogan, L. (2018, December 12). Food demand in Australia: Trends and issues 2018.</p><p>Canberra: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and</p><p>Sciences. https://www.agriculture.gov.au/abares/research-topics/food-</p><p>demand/trends-and-issues-2018</p><p></p><p>Horton, S., Campbell, C. (1990). Do the poor pay more for food? Food Market Commentary, 11, 339.</p><p></p><p>Hou, J. F. (2013). Wo guo zhong bu nong cun jie hun xiao fei bian qian yan jiu. Jurnal Nong Cun Jing Ji, 9, 93-97.</p><p></p><p>Howard, S., Adams, J., & White, M. (2012). Nutritional content of supermarket ready meals and recipes by television chefs in the United Kingdom: Cross sectional study. British Medical Journal, 345, 1- 10.</p><p></p><p>Hussain, N. (2015). Sekuriti makanan dan pemakanan dalam kalangan pelajar di</p><p>institusi pengajian tinggi sekitar Kota Kinabalu. Thesis Ijazah Sarjana Muda.</p><p>Universiti Malaysia Sabah. http://eprints.ums.edu.my/14669/</p><p></p><p>Hutchinson, J., Rippin, H. L., Jewell, J., Breda, J. J., & Cade, J. E. (2017). Comparison</p><p>of high and low Trans-Fatty Acid consumers: Analyses of UK national diet and</p><p>nutrition surveys before and after product reformulation. Public Health Nutrition, 21(3), 465479.</p><p></p><p>Ibrahim, M. F. (2020). Perbandingan agihan zakat sebagai alat kewangan sosial islam bagi membantu golongan Al-Gharimin oleh Lzs dan Baitulmal Maiwp.</p><p>International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Research, 3(2), 197</p><p>209. https://ijiefer.kuis.edu.my/ircief/article/view/38</p><p></p><p>Iranagh, J. A. (2015). A study on effectiveness of health education intervention based on health</p><p>belief model among elderly women in Urmia, Iran. Thesis Doctor of Philosophy. Universiti Putra</p><p>Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, N. W. (2009). Pengenalan kepada ekonomi. Malaysia: Arah Pendidikan Sdn Bhd, 49.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, R., Nordin Yunus, J., & Kamis, H. (2014). Analisis data kuantitatif. Kuala Lumpur: Kaisar</p><p>Media Kreatif.</p><p></p><p>Ismail. (2018). Tanggungjawab mengawal makan. Utusan Online.</p><p>http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/utama/tanggungjawab-mengawal-makan- 1.610085</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2017). Laporan penyiasatan perbelanjaan isi rumah 2016.</p><p>https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=323&bu</p><p>l_id=WnZvZWNVeDYxKzJjZ3RlUVVYU2s2Zz09&menu_id=amVoWU54U Tl0a21NWmdhMjFMMWcyZz09</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2020). Laporan penyiasatan perbelanjaan isi rumah 2019.</p><p>https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=323&bu</p><p>l_id=c3JpRzRqeTNPamMxL1FpTkNBNUVBQT09&menu_id=amVoWU54U Tl0a21NWmdhMjFMMWcyZz09</p><p></p><p>Jackson, C. (2013). Men at work, labour, masculinities, development. Abingdon, United Kingdom:</p><p>Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Jacobs Starkey, L, Gray-Donald, K., Kuhnlein, H. V. (1999). Nutrient intake of food bank users is</p><p>related to frequency of food bank use, household size, smoking, education and country of birth.</p><p>Journal of Nutrition, 129, 8839.</p><p></p><p>Jaya, S. B., & Chua, Y. P. (2019). Tahap kompetensi dan hubungan bimbingan rakan peningkatan</p><p>sekolah terhadap kompetensi kepimpinan pemimpin sekolah di negeri Sarawak. Jurnal Kepimpinan</p><p>Pendidikan, 6(2), 1643.</p><p></p><p>Jones, M. O., & Long, L. (2017). Comfort food: Meanings and memories. Mississippi, United States:</p><p>University Press of Mississippi.</p><p></p><p>Kardes, F.R., Cronley, M.L., Kellaris, J.J., & Posavac, S.S. (2004). The role of selective</p><p>information processing in price quality inference. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(2), 368-374.</p><p></p><p>Karuppusamy, A. & Arjunan, C. (2012). A study on consumers buying behavior towards instant food</p><p>products in Coimbatore. Namex International Journal of Management Research, 2(2), 23-37.</p><p></p><p>Kelle , K.L. (1998). Strategic brand management: Building, measuring, and managing ity. New Jersey:</p><p>Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. (2008). Garis panduan pemberian makanan bayi dan kanak-kanak kecil.</p><p>Bahagian Pemakanan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia.</p><p>http://nutrition.moh.gov.my/pemakanan-bayi-dan-kanak-kanak-kecil/</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. (2010). Panduan Diet Malaysia. Bahagian Pemakanan Kementerian</p><p>Kesihatan Malaysia, Putrajaya.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. (2015). Non-communicable diseases, risk factors and other </p><p>health problems (MOH/S/IKU/52.15(RR)).</p><p>https://www.moh.gov.my/moh/resources/nhmsreport2015vol2.pdf</p><p></p><p>Keynes, J. M. (1936). The general theory of employment, interest and money. New York: Harcourt</p><p>Brace Jovanovich.</p><p></p><p>Khan, M.N. & Kirmani, M.D. (2018), Role of religiosity in purchase of green products by Muslim</p><p>students: Empirical evidences from India, Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(3), 504-526.</p><p></p><p>Kindt, M., Mazzaracchio, P., & Barbiroli, G. (2008). Quality factors and grades for the</p><p>classification and standardization of complex ready pasta meals. International Journal Food Science</p><p>Technology, 43, 1645-1656.</p><p></p><p>Kirkpatrick, S., & Tarasuk, V. (2003). The relationship between low income and household food</p><p>expenditure patterns in Canada. Public Health Nutrition, 6(6), 589597.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2003517</p><p></p><p>Klaus, G. G. (2005). Food quality and safety: Consumer perception and demand. European Review of</p><p>Agricultural Economics, 32(3), 369391. http://erae.oupjournals.org/</p><p></p><p>Knorr, D., Khoo, C. S. H. & Augustin, M. A. (2018). Food for an urban planet: Challenges and</p><p>research opportunities. Nutrition and Food Science Technology, 4, 73.</p><p></p><p>Kotler, P. & Armstrong, G. (1996). Principles of marketing. New Delhi : Prentice-Hall of India.</p><p></p><p>Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2010). Principles of marketing. New Jersey: Pearson Education.</p><p></p><p>Kotzekidou, P. (2016). Food hygiene and toxicology in ready-to-eat foods.</p><p>Massachusetts, United States: Academic Press.</p><p></p><p>Kubendran, V., & Vanniarajan, T. (2005). Comparative analysis of rural and urban consumers on milk</p><p>consumption. Indian Journal of Marketing, 35(12), 27-30.</p><p></p><p>Kumar, A., Thapa, G., Mishra, A. K., & Joshi, P. K. (2020). Assessing food and nutrition security</p><p>in Nepal: Evidence from diet diversity and food expenditure patterns. Food Security (2020), 12,</p><p>327354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-</p><p>019-01004-y</p><p></p><p>Kumar, J., & Shinde, V. (2016). A comparative study of mean value analysis and convolution</p><p>algorithm for queueing networks. International Journal of Computational Intelligence and</p><p>Informatics, 6(1), 817.</p><p></p><p>Kwak, S. K., & Kim, J. H. (2017). Statistical data preparation: Management of missing values and</p><p>outliers. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 70(4), 407411.</p><p></p><p>Kwame Sundaram, J., Tan, Z. G., & Khalidi, J. R. (2019). Achieving food security for all </p><p>malaysians. Khazanah Research Institute, 767.</p><p>http://www.krinstitute.org/assets/contentMS/img/template/editor/Discussion%2</p><p>0Paper_Achieving%20Food%20Security%20for%20all%20Malaysians.pdf</p><p></p><p>Lampila, P., & Lahteenmaki, L. (2007). Consumers attitudes towards high pressure freezing of</p><p>food. British Food Journal, 109(10), 838-851.</p><p></p><p>Law, L. S. (2013). Factors associated with body weight status among 15-17 year old school-going</p><p>adolescents In Sibu, Malaysia. Masters Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p>http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38651</p><p></p><p>Lee, M., & Lou, Y. (1996). Consumer reliance on intrinsic and extrinsic cues in product</p><p>evaluations: A conjoint approach. Journal of Applied Business Research. 12(1), 21-30.</p><p></p><p>Levine, D. M., Krehbiel, T. C., Berenson, M. L. (2013). Basic vocabulary of statistics. business</p><p>statistics : a first course (6th ed.). England: Penerbitan Pearson, 33-34.</p><p></p><p>Li, M.L, & Green, R.D. (2011). A mediating influence on customer loyalty: the role of perceived</p><p>value. Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 1(7), 1-12.</p><p></p><p>Libbey, J.E., Sanchez, J. M., Doty, D. J., Sim, J. T., Cusick, M. F., Cox, J. E., Fujinami,</p><p>R. S. (2018). Variations in diet cause alterations in Microbiota and Metabolites that follow</p><p>changes in disease severity in a Multiple Sclerosis Model. Beneficial Microbes, 9(3), 495513.</p><p></p><p>Lim C. H. (2007). Penyelidikan pendidikan: Pendekatan kuantiatif dan kualitatif.</p><p>Selangor, Malaysia: McGraw- Hill.</p><p></p><p>Lim, W. Y. (2013). Pengaruh saiz hidangan dan pengambilan tenaga daripada makanan terhadap rasa</p><p>kekenyangan di kalangan pelajar sekolah sains makanan dan pemakanan. Universiti Malaysia Sabah.</p><p>http://eprints.ums.edu.my/9852/</p><p></p><p>Lindstrom, D. (2010). Schaums easy outline of statistics. McGraw-Hill Education.</p><p></p><p>Lustia, L., Noer, F., & Dewi, R. (2016). Trend pemakaian hijab ibu-ibu di pusat perbelanjaan Kota</p><p>Banda Aceh. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, 1(1), </p><p> 93101. http://www.jim.unsyiah.ac.id/pkk/article/view/573</p><p></p><p>Maheswaran, D. (1994). Country of origin as a stereotype: Effects of consumer expertise and</p><p>attribute strength on product evaluations. Journal of Consumer</p><p>Marketing, 21(2), 354-365.</p><p></p><p>Majmaal-Lughah al-Arabiyyah. (1992). al-Mujam al-Wajiz. al-Qahirah: Wizarat al-</p><p>Tarbiyyah wa alTalim.</p><p></p><p>Malhotra, N. & Birks, D. F. (2007). Marketing research: An applied approach (3rd ed.). Harlow, UK:</p><p>Pearson Education, 835</p><p></p><p>Maller, C.J. (2015). Understanding health through social practices: Performance and materiality in</p><p>everyday life. Social Heal Illn, 37, 5266.</p><p></p><p>Man, S. & Yahya, Z. A. (2014). Halalkah makanan kita? : Bagaimana mencarinya di pasaran. Kuala</p><p>Lumpur: PTS Islamika, 4.</p><p></p><p>Marican, S. 2005. Kaedah penyelidikan sains sosial. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Pearson Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Marquis, M. & Manceau, M. (2007). Individual factors determining the food behaviours of single men</p><p>living in apartments in Montreal as revealed by photographs and interviews. Journal of Youth</p><p>Studies, 10, 305316.</p><p></p><p>Marsono, Y. (2008). Prospek pengembangan makanan fungsional. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Dan Gizi,</p><p>7(1), 1927. https://doi.org/10.33508/jtpg.v7i1.147</p><p></p><p>Mat Teh, K. S. (2015, April 20). Kaedah persampelan. http://www.slide</p><p>share.net/wmkfirdaus/pensampelan</p><p></p><p>Mccracken, J.C., & Mackln, M.C. (1998). The role of brand names and visual cues in enhancing memory</p><p>for consumer-packaged goods. Marketing Letters, 9(2), 209-226.</p><p></p><p>McIntyre L, Raine K, Glanville T, Dayle J, Workman T, Anderson B. (2001). Food insecurity of</p><p>low-income lone mothers and their children in Atlantic Canada. Canada Journal of Public Health,</p><p>93(6):411-415.</p><p></p><p>McQuitty, S., Finn, A. & Wiley, J.B. (2000). Systematically varying consumer satisfaction and its</p><p>implications for product choice. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 24(10), 1-16.</p><p></p><p>Modigliani F. & Ando A. K. (1957). Tests of the life cycle hypothesis of savings: Comments and</p><p>suggestions. Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics, 19(2), 99-124.</p><p></p><p>Mohad, A. H., Mohd Mokhtar, R. A., & Omar, N. (2018). The religious practices of deaf muslims in</p><p>Malaysia: A case study at the special education school. Journal of Islamic Studies in Indonesia</p><p>and Southeast Asia, 3(1), 5164. https://doi.org/10.2121/incita-jisisea.v3i1.967.g865</p><p></p><p>Mohamed Radzi, C. W. J. W. (2001). Konsep kesihatan melalui pemakanan:</p><p>Pendekatan Islam dan Sains. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication, 14-19.</p><p></p><p>Mohamed Radzi, N. A. (2015, July 21). Rasai Kelazatan Makanan Tradisional Cina Halal Di </p><p> Perak. Berita Harian.</p><p>https://www.bharian.com.my/taxonomy/term/61/2015/07/69269/rasai-</p><p>kelazatan-makanan-tradisional-cina-halal-di-perak</p><p></p><p>Mohamed, K. S. (2021, January 7). Hunt For Best Perak Food Hunter Video Begins.</p><p>Bernama. https://www.bernama.com/en/news.php?id=1919661</p><p></p><p>Mohd Najib, A. G. (1999). Penyelidikan pendidikan (1st ed.). Skudai, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Najib, A. G. (2003). Reka bentuk tinjauan soal selidik pendidikan (1st ed.).</p><p>Skudai, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Zain, N., Chelliah, K. K., Seriramulu, V., & Arasaratnam, S. (2017). Hubungan ketumpatan</p><p>mineral tulang terhadap pengambilan pemakanan dan peramal kanser payudara di kalangan wanita</p><p>malaysia yang belum dan telah putus haid. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 15(2), 137-144.</p><p></p><p>Morwitz, V.G., & Fitzsimons, G.J. (1996). The effect of measuring intent on brand level purchase</p><p>behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 23(1), 1-11.</p><p></p><p>Muhammad, F., Abdul Razak, A., Mohd Hussin, M. Y., & Abdul Hadi, F. S. (2015). Kehidupan kelas</p><p>menengah Malaysia: Satu kajian kes mengenai corak perbelanjaan guru dalam pemilikan aset dan</p><p>pelaburan kewangan. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 11(11), 113.</p><p>http://ejournal.ukm.my/gmjss/article/view/18895</p><p></p><p>Muhammad, M. F. (2016, December 31). Makanan Popular Di Negeri Perak. Orang Perak.</p><p>https://www.orangperak.com/makanan-popular-di-negeri-perak.html</p><p></p><p>Muhammad, S., Sherif, S., & Gheblawi, M. (2010). Consumers attitudes and perceptions of food</p><p>safety in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Food Distribution Research, 41(2), 73-85.</p><p></p><p>Musa, N. (2019). Malaysia catat rekod penduduk tergemuk paling tinggi Asia. Sinar Harian.</p><p>https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/57154/BERITA/Nasional/Malaysia-</p><p>catat-rekod-penduduk-tergemuk-paling-tinggi-Asia</p><p></p><p>Nabil, J., & Imed, Z. (2010). The Impact of label perception on the consumers purchase intention:</p><p>An application on food products. IBIMA Business Review, 2, 2-14.</p><p></p><p>Narang, R. (2006). A study on branded foods. Indian Journal of Marketing, 36(11), 3- 9.</p><p></p><p>Nazim Razul, A. (2016). Growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens supplemented with</p><p>different oil sources. Thesis of Degree of Doctor of</p><p>Philosophy, Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Nondzor, H.E., & Tawiah, Y.S. (2015). Consumer perception and preference of fast food: A study of</p><p>tertiary students. Science Journal of Business and Management, 3(1), 43-49.</p><p></p><p>Noorazam, N. (2016, August 29). Masih ramai rakyat Malaysia terbeban dengan kos harga makanan</p><p>tinggi. Astro Awani. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-</p><p>bisnes/masih-ramai-rakyat-malaysia-terbeban-dengan-kos-harga-makanan- tinggi-115437?amp=1</p><p></p><p>Norazaman, N. E. (2016). Different energy and protein ratio in need formulation of village chicken</p><p>based on alternative feedstuffs under two management systems. Thesis Degree of Master, University</p><p>Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Olson, J.C. (1977). Consumer response to price: An attitudinal information processing perspective.</p><p>Chicago: American Marketing Association, 73-86.</p><p></p><p>Onozaka, Y., Melbye, E.L., Skuland, A.V., & Hansen, H. (2014). Consumer intentions to buy</p><p>front-of-pack nutrition labeled food products: The moderating effects of personality differences.</p><p>Journal of Food Products Marketing, 20(4), 390-407.</p><p></p><p>Oostenbach, L. H., Lamb, K. E., Dangerfield, F., Poelman, M. P., Kremers, S., & Thornton, L.</p><p>(2020). The role of dwelling type on food expenditure: A cross- sectional analysis of the 20152016</p><p>Australian household expenditure survey. Public Health Nutrition, 112.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980020002785</p><p></p><p>Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS survival manual: A step-by-step guide to data analysis using SPSS for</p><p>windows (10th ed.). New York: Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Pallant, J. (2005) SPSS survival manual. A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for</p><p>windows (2nd ed.). New York: Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V., & Berry, L. (1996). The behavioral consequences of service quality.</p><p>Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31-46.</p><p></p><p>Peckenpaugh, N. J., & Poleman, C. M. (1999). Nutrition essentials and diet therapy.</p><p>Philadelphia: Saunders Publication.</p><p></p><p>Phuah, K. E. (2006). Pemakanan. Kuala Lumpur. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Prasad, C.J.S. & Aryasri, A.R. (2008). Study of customer relationship marketing practices in</p><p>organised retailing in food and grocery sector in India: An empirical analysis. Journal of Business</p><p>Perspective, 12(4), 33-43.</p><p></p><p>Priyadarshini, V. (2015). Purchasing practice of the consumers towards ready to eat food products.</p><p>Asian Journal of Home Science, 10(2), 290-295.</p><p></p><p>Putra, A. S., Tong, G., & Pribadi, D. O. (2020). Spatial analysis of socio-economic driving</p><p>factors of food expenditure variation between provinces in</p><p>Indonesia. Sustainability, 12(4), 1638. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041638</p><p></p><p>Raf, M. (2012). Pengaruh faktor-faktor memotivasi konsumen berbelanja terhadap keputusan konsumen</p><p>berbelanja di pasar modern Kota Jambi. Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Jambi,</p><p>1(1), 63-75.</p><p></p><p>Rahman, M. L., Salam, M. A., Ahsan, M. E., M., Hossain, S. & Hossain, M. A. (2017). Protein-sparing</p><p>ability of carbohydrates from different sources in diets for fry of stinging Catfish Heteropneustes</p><p>Fossilis. Sains Malaysiana, 46(2): 239244.</p><p></p><p>Rahman, M. S. (2011). Food and nutrition: Links and gaps between tradition and evidence based</p><p>Science, Revelation and Science, 1(1), 22-31.</p><p></p><p>Rambeli@Ramli, N., Hashim, E., Romli, N., Che Leh, F., & Mohd Bakri, S. (2017). Pengaruh pemboleh</p><p>ubah makroekonomi terhadap perbelanjaan penjagaan kesihatan di Malaysia. Management Research</p><p>Journal. 7(1), 112124.</p><p></p><p>Ramli, M. A. & Jamaludin, M. A. (2016). Budaya makanan dan pemakanan halal dalam kalangan</p><p>masyarakat Melayu menurut perspektif Islam. Penyelidikan Tentang Makanan: Perspektif Nabawi dan</p><p>Saintifik, 195-206.</p><p></p><p>Rao, A.R., & Olson, E.M. (1990). Information examination as a function of information type and</p><p>dimension of consumer expertise: Some exploratory findings. Advances in Consumer Research, 17(1),</p><p>361-366.</p><p></p><p>Reid, S., Lloyd, K. &Obrien, W. (2017). Womens perspectives on liveability in vertical</p><p>communities: A feminist materialist approach. Australia Plan, 54, 1623.</p><p></p><p>Retenam, N. J., & Hutagalung, F. D. (2018). Level of knowledge about eating disorder among female</p><p>students in Bachelor of Counselling at Faculty of Education, University of Malaya. Qualitative and</p><p>Quantitative Research Review, 3(1), 209- 220.</p><p></p><p>Rezaei, B. (2014). Study the impact of packaging on consumers' purchasing intentions with regard to</p><p>consumer perception of product quality mediating effect (Case study: The dates in Shiraz), Master's</p><p>Thesis, Semnan University, Faculty Of Humanities, 862-874.</p><p></p><p>Roda Harun, K. W. (2015). Pengaruh pengetahuan, sikap, amalan dalam pemakanan dan aktiviti fizikal</p><p>terhadap status kesihatan guru pelatih IPGM. Post-Doctoral Thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.</p><p>http://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19753</p><p></p><p>Rohm, A.J. & Swaminathan, V. (2004). A typology of shoppers based on shopping motivations. Journal</p><p>of Business Research, 57(7), 748-757.</p><p></p><p>Rounds, J., Schlegel, J., Lane, T., Higa, J., Kissler, B., Culpepper, W., Willi. (2013). Multistate</p><p>outbreak of Salmonella Chester Infections associated with frozen meals--18 states, 2010. </p><p>The Free Library.</p><p>https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Multistate+outbreak+of+Salmonella+Chester+I</p><p>nfections+Associated+with...-a0356908001</p><p></p><p>Royo, M. A. & Mahmood, H. (2011). Faktor-faktor kelemahan yang mempengaruhi pencapaian cemerlang</p><p>dalam mata pelajaran Reka Cipta. Journal of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 2, 145-174.</p><p></p><p>Ruel, M. T., & Menon, P. (2002). Child feeding practices are associated with child nutritional</p><p>status in Latin America: Innovative uses of the demographic and health surveys. The Journal of</p><p>Nutrition, 132(6), 11801187.</p><p></p><p>Sacks, G., Rayner, M., & Swinburn, B. (2009). Impact of front of pack traffic light nutrition</p><p>labeling on consumer food purchases in the UK. Health Promotion International, 24(4), 344-353.</p><p></p><p>Saleh, N. (2013). kesedaran terhadap amalan pemakanan seimbang dalam kalangan pelajar politeknik</p><p>Merlimau, Melaka: Satu tinjauan. Masters Thesis, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.</p><p>http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/5351/</p><p></p><p>Sandanasamy, K. S. (2016). Disordered eating among urban & rural secondary school children in</p><p>Selangor, Malaysia. Eating disorders in children. Annual Review of Eating Disorders 2016, 131.</p><p></p><p>Santoso, A. (2011). Serat pangan (dietary fiber) dan manfaatnya bagi kesehatan. Magistra, 23,</p><p>3540. http://fmipa.umri.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Pinki-</p><p>A-Serat-dan-manfaatnya-bg-kesehatan-74-129-1-SM.pdf</p><p></p><p>Schwingshackl, L., Bogensberger, B., & Hoffmann, G. (2017). Diet quality as assessed by the healthy</p><p>eating index, alternate healthy eating index, dietary approaches to stop hypertension score, and</p><p>health outcomes: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Journal of</p><p>Nutritions And Dietetics, 118(1):74- 100.</p><p></p><p>Selvarajn, P. R. M. (2012). Consumer attitudes towards ready-to-eat packed food items. The Seventh</p><p>International Research Conference on Management And Finance, 322-332.</p><p></p><p>Seman, A. P. A, & Ahmad, A. (2017, April). Pola perbelanjaan dalam kalangan mahasiswa: Satu kajian</p><p>perbandingan antara IPTA dan IPTS [Paper Presentation]. International Conference on Global</p><p>Education V "Global Education, Common Wealth, and Cultural Diversity, Bangi, Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Setiausaha Kerajaan Negeri Perak. (2017, August 22). DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak Rasmi CPPC.</p><p>Berita Utama. https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/berita-</p><p>utama/864-dymm-paduka-seri-sultan-perak-rasmi-cppc-22-ogos-2017</p><p></p><p>Shapawi, R., Abdul Nasri, N. & Muhd Shaleh, S. R. (2017). Green water meal as protein and</p><p>carotenoid sources in grow-out diets for pacific white shrimp,</p><p>Litopenaeus Vannamei. Sains Malaysiana, 46(12), 2281-2289.</p><p></p><p>Shove, E., Pantzar, M. & Watson, M. (2012). The dynamics of social practice:</p><p>Everyday life and how it changes. London: SAGE Publication.</p><p></p><p>Simeon, D. T., Patterson, A. W. (1996). Use of food expenditure data to estimate household nutrient</p><p>accessibility. West Indian Medical Journal, 45, 257.</p><p></p><p>Simmonds, G., & Spence, C. (2017). Thinking inside the box: How seeing products on or through, the</p><p>packaging influences consumer perceptions and purchase behavior. Food Quality and Preference,</p><p>340-351.</p><p></p><p>Siu, N., & Wong, Y. (2002). The impact of product-related factors on perceived product safety.</p><p>Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 20(3), 185-194.</p><p></p><p>Steenkamp, J.B.E., & Dekimpe, M.G. (1997). The increasing power of store brands: building loyalty</p><p>and market share. Long Range Planning, 30(6), 917-930.</p><p></p><p>Subramaniam, S. (2008). Pengajian Perniagaan 1. Malaysia: Arah Pendidikan Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Sukardi. (2010). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan. Jakarta: Penerbitan Bumi Aksara, 53-54.</p><p></p><p>Sung, Y., Kim, J., & Jung, J. (2010). The predictive roles of brand personality on brand trust and</p><p>brand affect: A study of korean consumers. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 22(5),</p><p>5-17</p><p></p><p>Suriani. (2014). Makanan ringan (snek). Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia.</p><p>http://www.myhealth.gov.my/makanan-ringan-snek/</p><p></p><p>Sweeny, J.C., Soutar, G.N., & Johnson, L.W. (1999). The role of perceived risk in the quality-value</p><p>relationship: A study in a retail environment. Journal of Retailing, 20(2), 271-280.</p><p></p><p>Swinyard, W.R. (1993). The effects of mood, involvement and quality of store experience on shopping</p><p>intentions. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 271- 280.</p><p></p><p>Syed Mehmood Shah, Muhammad Adeel, Faisal Hanif, & Mohsin Khan. (2016). The impact of brand equity</p><p>on purchase intensions with moderating role of subjective norms. Universal Journal of Industrial</p><p>and Business Management, 4(1), 18- 24.</p><p></p><p>Tarasuk, V. S. (2001). Household food insecurity with hunger is associated with womens food</p><p>intakes, health, and household circumstances. Journal of Nutrition, 131, 26702676.</p><p></p><p>Travers, K. D. (1996). The social organization of nutritional inequities. Social Science &</p><p>Medicine, 43, 54353.</p><p></p><p>Travers, K. D. (1997). Availability and cost of heart healthy diet changes in Nova Scotia.</p><p>Journal of the Canadian Dietetic Association, 58, 17683.</p><p></p><p>Trichopoulou, A., Kanellou, A., Lagiou, P., Zintzaras, E., & DAFNE I Group (1996). Integration of</p><p>nutritional data based on household budget surveys in European countries. Proceedings of the</p><p>Nutrition Society, 55, 699704.</p><p></p><p>Trochim, W. M. K. (2020). Research methods knowledge base. Conjoint.ly, Sydney, Australia.</p><p></p><p>Tull, A. (1997). Food and nutrition (3rd ed.), New York: Oxford University Press.</p><p></p><p>Turner, R. N., (1984), Naturopathic medicine: Treating the whole person. England:</p><p>Thorsons, 18.</p><p></p><p>Urbany, J.E, Dickson, P.R., & Kalapurakal, R. (1996). Price search in the retail grocery market.</p><p>Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 91-104.</p><p></p><p>US Food and Drugs Administration. (2020, April 1). Food and drugs. US Department of Health </p><p> and Human Services.</p><p>https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=117. 3</p><p></p><p>USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service. (2014). Chart of Ready-to-Eat (RTE) vs. Not RTE (NRTE)</p><p>products: Resource 1. United States Department of Agriculture.</p><p>https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/ebb99e17-40f9-4528-ac0f-</p><p>0b7331d871d6/Resource_1.pdf?MOD=AJPERES</p><p></p><p>Veale, R., & Quester, P. (2009). Do consumer expectations match experience: Predicting the</p><p>influence of price and country of origin on perceptions of product quality. International business</p><p>Review, 18(2), 134-144.</p><p></p><p>Vetter, T. R. (2017). Fundamentals of research data and variables: The devil is in the details.</p><p>National Library of Medicine USA, 125(4), 13751380.</p><p></p><p>Vijayabaskar, M., & Sundaram, N. (2012). A study on purchasing attitude towards ready-to-eat/cook</p><p>products by health-conscious consumers in Southern India with respect to tier-i cities.</p><p>International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(4), 417-436.</p><p></p><p>Vincent, N. (2006). A study on brand consciousness among children and its effect on family buying</p><p>behaviour in Bangalore city. Indian Journal of Marketing, 36(1), 12-18.</p><p></p><p>Wandel, M. (1997). Food labeling from a consumer perspective. British Food Journal, 99(6), 212219.</p><p>https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709710181559</p><p></p><p>Widyaningrum, S. (2012). Hubungan antara konsumsi makanan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia.</p><p>Jember: Falkutas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Jember.</p><p></p><p>Wilson, T.D., & Brekke, N. (1994). Mental contamination and mental correction: Unwanted influences</p><p>on judgements and evaluations. Psychological Bulletin,</p><p>116(1), 117-142.</p><p></p><p>Wong, K. L., Ong, S. F., & Kuek, T. Y. (2012). Constructing a survey questionnaire to collect data</p><p>on service quality of business academics. European Journal of Social Sciences, 29(2), 209221.</p><p></p><p>Wooldridge, J. M., Wadud, M., & Lye, J. (2016). Introductory econometrics: Asia pacific edition</p><p>with online study tools 12 months. Cengage AU.</p><p></p><p>Xia et al. (2015). Effects of dietary protein level on growth and ammonia excretion of Leopard</p><p>Coral Grouper, Plectropomus Leopardus (Lacepede, 1802). Sains Malaysiana, 44(4), 537543.</p><p></p><p>Yahya, A., Hashim, S., Yusof Boob, J. R., & Hamdan, A. R. (2007). Menguasai penyelidikan dalam</p><p>pendidikan: Teori, analisis dan interpretasi data. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Profesional.</p><p></p><p>Yin, Robert K and Veale (2007). Investigating the simultaneous influence of intrinsic and extrinsic</p><p>cues: An examination of the interaction between country of origin, price and selected sensory.</p><p>Strategic Management Journal, 14(1), 68-75.</p><p></p><p>Yusof Saari, M. (2016). Pengaruh harga makanan ke atas sara hidup. Institute of Agricultural and</p><p>Food Policy Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Zeithaml, V.A. (1982). Consumer response to in-store price information environments.</p><p>Journal of Consumer Research, 8(4), 357-69.</p><p></p><p>Zeithaml, V.A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality and value: A means-end model and</p><p>synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22.</p><p></p><p>Zhen, C., & Zheng, X. (2017). The impact of NuVal shelf nutrition labels on food purchase. Working</p><p>Paper.</p><p></p><p>Zul, S. F., Kusumawati, R., & Dewi, R. (2020). Effect of promotion strategy on KFC lampung purchase</p><p>decisions with purchase intention as mediating variable. Journal of Islamic Economic </p><p>Scholar, 1(2), 209217.</p><p>http://202.0.92.5/febi/games/article/view/1268</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p>