Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia

<p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menilai keberkesanan program pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di politeknik premier di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penilaian program CIPP oleh Stufflebeam daripada dimensi konteks, input, proses dan produk. Persampelan rawak berstrata...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin
Format:	thesis
Language:	zsm
Published:	2019
Subjects:	LC Special aspects of education
Online Access:	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7619
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:7619
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
collection	UPSI Digital Repository
language	zsm
topic	LC Special aspects of education
spellingShingle	LC Special aspects of education Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
description	<p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menilai keberkesanan program pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di politeknik premier di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penilaian program CIPP oleh Stufflebeam daripada dimensi konteks, input, proses dan produk. Persampelan rawak berstrata berdasar jenis politeknik, bidang pengajian serta kategori responden. Tiga politeknik premier, tiga bidang dan tiga kategori responden yang terdiri daripada pentadbir, pensyarah dan pelajar. Berdasarkan jadual penentuan saiz sampel Krejcie dan Morgan, seramai 38 pentadbir, 250 pensyarah dan 580 pelajar telah dipilih. Kajian ini menggunakan instrumen yang terdiri daripada soal selidik, protokol temubual dan analisis dokumen. Data kuantitatif menunjukkan responden sangat bersetuju (M=3.89; SP=0.67) bahawa pelaksanaan OBE di politeknik premier adalah berkesan. Responden juga yakin bahawa pentadbir telah memberi komitmen (M=4.15; SP=0.70), telah membuat perancangan (M=3.76; SP=0.77) dan pensyarah bersedia dari segi pengetahuan (M=3.7; SP=0.78), kemahiran (M=3.74; SP=0.81) dan berkeyakinan untuk melaksanakan OBE di politeknik (M=3.81; SP=0.83). Responden juga bersetuju bahawa terdapatnya interaksi rakan (M=4.01; SP=0.63), interaksi pensyarah (M=3.84; SP=0.66). Responden juga berpuas hati dengan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (M=4.01; SP=0.59), proses penilaian (M=3.90; SP=0.70) dan aktiviti penambahbaikan kualiti berterusan (M=4.06; SP=0.70). Dari aspek produk pula, responden bersetuju dengan hasil pencapaian pelajar dari aspek pengetahuan (M=3.86; SP=0.55) dan kemahiran generik (M=3.89; SP=0.67). Namun responden hampir tidak pasti terhadap kelengkapan infrastruktur (M=3.59; SP=0.86) yang disediakan oleh politeknik dan kemahiran praktikal (M=3.59; SP=0.48) pelajar. Analisis regresi mendapati kemudahan sumber dan infrastruktur (=0.36; p=0.000) serta komitmen pentadbir (=0.36; p=0.000) merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi elemen proses. Beberapa kelemahan yang kritikal didapati daripada temubual iaitu dari aspek pentadbiran, kurikulum dan keupayaan pelajar. Kesimpulan kajian ini adalah responden bersetuju bahawa pelaksanaan OBE di politeknik premier telah dijalankan dengan efektif namun kelemahan yang kritikal perlu diberikan perhatian. Implikasi kajian adalah penghasilan kerangka baharu dengan elemen-elemen terkini seperti kurikulum berteraskan industri, kepimpinan transformasi, efikasi kendiri, literasi teknologi terkini dan pemantauan berterusan yang perlu diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualiti politeknik premier di Malaysia.</p><p></p>
format	thesis
qualification_name
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin
author_facet	Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin
author_sort	Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin
title	Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
title_short	Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
title_full	Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
title_fullStr	Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia
title_sort	penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (obe) di politeknik premier di malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
granting_department	Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional
publishDate	2019
url	https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7619
_version_	1776104526121533440
spelling	oai:ir.upsi.edu.my:76192022-10-31 Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia 2019 Zainatuliza Zainal Abidin LC Special aspects of education <p>Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menilai keberkesanan program pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di politeknik premier di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penilaian program CIPP oleh Stufflebeam daripada dimensi konteks, input, proses dan produk. Persampelan rawak berstrata berdasar jenis politeknik, bidang pengajian serta kategori responden. Tiga politeknik premier, tiga bidang dan tiga kategori responden yang terdiri daripada pentadbir, pensyarah dan pelajar. Berdasarkan jadual penentuan saiz sampel Krejcie dan Morgan, seramai 38 pentadbir, 250 pensyarah dan 580 pelajar telah dipilih. Kajian ini menggunakan instrumen yang terdiri daripada soal selidik, protokol temubual dan analisis dokumen. Data kuantitatif menunjukkan responden sangat bersetuju (M=3.89; SP=0.67) bahawa pelaksanaan OBE di politeknik premier adalah berkesan. Responden juga yakin bahawa pentadbir telah memberi komitmen (M=4.15; SP=0.70), telah membuat perancangan (M=3.76; SP=0.77) dan pensyarah bersedia dari segi pengetahuan (M=3.7; SP=0.78), kemahiran (M=3.74; SP=0.81) dan berkeyakinan untuk melaksanakan OBE di politeknik (M=3.81; SP=0.83). Responden juga bersetuju bahawa terdapatnya interaksi rakan (M=4.01; SP=0.63), interaksi pensyarah (M=3.84; SP=0.66). Responden juga berpuas hati dengan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (M=4.01; SP=0.59), proses penilaian (M=3.90; SP=0.70) dan aktiviti penambahbaikan kualiti berterusan (M=4.06; SP=0.70). Dari aspek produk pula, responden bersetuju dengan hasil pencapaian pelajar dari aspek pengetahuan (M=3.86; SP=0.55) dan kemahiran generik (M=3.89; SP=0.67). Namun responden hampir tidak pasti terhadap kelengkapan infrastruktur (M=3.59; SP=0.86) yang disediakan oleh politeknik dan kemahiran praktikal (M=3.59; SP=0.48) pelajar. Analisis regresi mendapati kemudahan sumber dan infrastruktur (=0.36; p=0.000) serta komitmen pentadbir (=0.36; p=0.000) merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi elemen proses. Beberapa kelemahan yang kritikal didapati daripada temubual iaitu dari aspek pentadbiran, kurikulum dan keupayaan pelajar. Kesimpulan kajian ini adalah responden bersetuju bahawa pelaksanaan OBE di politeknik premier telah dijalankan dengan efektif namun kelemahan yang kritikal perlu diberikan perhatian. Implikasi kajian adalah penghasilan kerangka baharu dengan elemen-elemen terkini seperti kurikulum berteraskan industri, kepimpinan transformasi, efikasi kendiri, literasi teknologi terkini dan pemantauan berterusan yang perlu diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualiti politeknik premier di Malaysia.</p><p></p> 2019 thesis https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7619 https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=7619 text zsm closedAccess Doctoral Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional <p>Abd. Murad, S. (2003). Proses penganalisisan data kajian kes secara kualitatif. Kertas kerja dalam Seminar Penyelidikan Kualitatif: Teori dan Praktis. Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Abd. Razak, A. (2002). Pemahaman konsep dalam proses elektrolisis bagi mata pelajaran sains teras KBSM Tingkatan Empat. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Aziz, A.T. (2000). Pedagogi bahasa Melayu: Prinsip, kaedah dan teknik. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall Inc.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Karim, Y. (2002). Pemahaman konsep asasjadual berkala bagi mata pelajaran sains Tingkatan Empat. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Rahman, A. (2007). Unity and Educationin Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Abdullah, M. L., & Kamaludin, A. S. (2007). The perceptions of Malaysian undergraduate students about a set of generic skills. Journal of Institutional Research South East Asia, 5(1), 15-25.</p><p></p><p>Abdullah Sani, Y., Abdul Rashid, M. & Abd Ghani, A. (2007). Guru Sebagai Pemimpin.Kuala Lumpur: PTS Professional.</p><p></p><p>Abdullah, Shahrir & Norhamidi, Muhamad & Rahmat, Riza & Deras, Baba & Kofli, Noorhisham & Mardina, Abdullah & Mohd Tahir, Mazlan & Muchtar, Andanastuti (2009). Penilaian ObjektifDan Hasil Program Pendidikan Berasaskan Hasil (Obe): Soal Selidik Majikan lndustri Dan Alumni. ASEAN Journal of Teaching & Learning in Higher Education.</p><p></p><p>Abdul Shukor, A. (1998). Fokus Pengurusan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Abet, (2003). Presentation Materials. 2nd ABET International Faculty Workshop on Continuous Program Improvement held at theNational University Singapore (NUS).</p><p></p><p>Abet Website, (2009). http://www.abet.org</p><p></p><p>Abu Bakar, N. (1994). Reformasi pendidikan dalam menghadapi cabaran 2020. Kuala Lumpur: Cetaktama Press.</p><p></p><p>Abu Bakar, N. (1996). Asas penilaian pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Abu, B., Johan, 0., Syed Mansor, S.M.S. & Jaafar, H. (2007). Kepelbagaian Gaya Pembelajaran Dan Kemahiran Belajar Pelajar Universiti Di Fakulti Pendidikan, UTM Johar. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia: VOT 7188</p><p></p><p>Abu Hassan, K. & Meor Ibrahim, K. (1998). Kaedah pengajaran Kimia KBSM. Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Abu Zahari, A. B. (1987). Memahami psikologi pembelajaran. Petaling Jaya: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) (2012). Criteria for AccreditatingEngineering Programs.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Atori H. (1990). Pentadbiran awam asas pemikiran dan falsafah. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Muhaimimin, M., Jamaluddin, H. & Baharuddin, A. (2008). Kelemahan Penguasaan Kemahiran Di Kalangan Pelajar: Pedagogi dan Teknologi Sebagai Pendekatan Penyelesaian. Fakulti Pendidikan UTM, Sekudai, Johar</p><p></p><p>Ahmad Suhaimi, 0. (2006). Perancangan Sumber Manusia mahir dalam Rencah Pertanian dan industri asas tani. Konvensyen Pendidikan Pertanian Kebangsaan. Anjuran Jabatan Pendidikan Teknikal, KPM. Hotel Eastin, Petaling Jaya, 20-23 Mac.</p><p></p><p>Airasian, P. W. (2000). Assessment in the classroom: A concise approach (2nd ed.).Boston: Mc Graw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Airasian, P. W. (2001). Classroom assessment: Concepts and applications (4th ed.).Boston:Mc Graw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Aitken, J. E. (2000). In-service training for teachers in New Zealand schools. Education Review Office: 1.</p><p></p><p>Akbar, S. & Jarnawi A. D. (2014). Pembelajaran Matematika. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka</p><p></p><p>Albrecht, K. (2001). The True Information Survival Skill. Training and Development. Feb.24-30.</p><p></p><p>Alderson, J.C. (1984). Reading in a foreign language: A reading problem or a language problem? New York: Longman.</p><p></p><p>Allan, J. & Clarke, K. (2007). Nurturing supportive learning environments in higher education through the teaching of study skills: To embed or not to embed? International Journal of Teaching and Leaming in Higher Education 19(1): 64-76</p><p></p><p>Allen, J. (2004). The impact of student learning outcomes assessment on technical and professional communication programs. Technical communication quarterly, 13(1), 93-108.</p><p></p><p>Ali, Y., Abdul Rashid, A.K., Abdullah, M. & Anuar, N. (2005). Pengajaran Kursus Fakulti Kfl 133 Pengenalan Kepada Kejuruteraan Menggunakan Kaedah OBE-Satu Analisis Penyampaian Dan Penilaian.Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Seminar Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Berkesan 2005</p><p></p><p>Alias, B. (1999). Statistik Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan dan Sains Sosial. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Alias Mat Saad. (2010). Penilaian pelaksanaan kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Politeknik Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia. Tesis Dr. Falsafah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Alkan, F. & Erdem E. (2012). The relationship between teacher self efficacy and competency perceptions of chemistry teacher candidates. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 47 (1927-1932). Elsevier. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82367602.pdf</p><p></p><p>Aikin, M. C. (1969). Evaluation theory development. Evaluation Comment, 2, 2-7.</p><p></p><p>Alligood, M.R. & Marriner. T.A. (Eds) (2002). Nursing theory utilization and application.2nd Philadelphia, Mosby. Schmieding: New Jersey. http://www.uri.edu/nursing/schmieding/orlando/chapters/chapters.html [13 Mac 2003]</p><p></p><p>Alter, K. (1998). Elestrical construction management specialization program. ASC Proceeding of the Central Connecticut State. Purdue University: Indiana. http://asceditor.unl.edu/archives/l998/a1ter98.htm [12 Julai 2002]</p><p></p><p>Alwisol. (2006). Psikologi Kepribadian. Malang: UMM Press</p><p></p><p>Amiruddin, A. M. (2009). Menilai Perhubungan Di Antara Hasil Pembelajaran Kursus dan Hasil Pembelajran Program Dari Perspektif Pelajar. Jurnal Teknologi, 51(E), 1-18.</p><p></p><p>Amiza Y., Noremy C.A., & Fadzlida S. (2010). Kesediaan pensyarah dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran (P&P) menggunakan pendekatan Outcome Based Education (OBE) di Politeknik Port Dickson. Seminar Pendidikan Politeknik Port Dickson 2010.Port Dickson: Politeknik Port Dickson.</p><p></p><p>Andreani, F., & Petrik, A. (2016). Employee performance as the impact of transformational leadership and job satisfaction in PT Anugrah Baru Denpasar. Jurua! Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 18(1), 25-32.</p><p></p><p>Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching and assessing: A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of educational objectives. Complete Edition, New York. Longman.</p><p></p><p>Anderson, L.W., Krathwohl, D.R., Airasian, P.W., Cruikshank, K.A., Mayer, R.E., Pintrich, P.R., Raths, J., and Wittrock, M.C. (2001). A Taxonomy for Leaming, Teaching and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Longman, New York.</p><p></p><p>Anita, W. (2004). Educational Psychology. 9th Edition. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey : Prentice-Hall, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Aravind, C.V., Rajparthiban, Gilbert Thio. (2008). Industrial Placements through Internet Based Co-operative system. Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference on University Leaming and Teaching, Malaysia 20-21 Oct 2008.</p><p></p><p>Aravind, C.V., & Rajparthiban, R. (2011). A dynamic approach to outcomes based education in engineering curriculum, Proceedings of the IETEC' 11 Conference. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: IETEC.</p><p></p><p>Ary, D. (1985). Introduction to Research in Education. New York: Rinehart and Winston.</p><p></p><p>Asnul D., M., Ruhizan, M. Y., Kamalularifin, S., & Muhammad Khair, N. (2013). Strategi Kelasterian Pembangunan Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional (PTV). Paper presented at the 2nd International Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education (ISQAE 2013), KSL Hotel & Resort, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Asseo, I., Johnson, M., Nilsson, B., Chalapathy, N., and Costello, T.J. (2016). The Internet of Things: Riding the Wave in Higher Education, Retrieved July 8, 2017 from https://er.educause.edu/articles/2016/6/the-intemet-of-thingsriding-the-wave-in higher-education</p><p></p><p>Astin, A. W. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education.Journal of College Student Personnel, 25(4), 297-308.</p><p></p><p>Astin, A W. (1985). Achieving educational excellence. San Fransisco: Jersey - Bass.</p><p></p><p>ATEEC (Advanced Technology Environmental Education Center) (2000). Teaching for Contextual learning. http://www.ateec.org/ curric/ ctlinfo.cfm</p><p></p><p>Ausubel, D. (1963). The psychology of meaningful verbal learning. New York: Grune & Stratton</p><p></p><p>Ausubel, D.P. (1968). Educational Psychology: A Cognitive View, New York, NY, Holt.</p><p></p><p>Azami Z. (2008). A Gap Study Between Employers' Perception and Expectation ofEngineering Graduates in Malaysia, 5thWSEAS I IASME International Conferenceon Engineering Education (EE'08), Heraklion, Greece.</p><p></p><p>Azhar, M., Ab. Hafiz, A. & Sulaiman Shakib, M.N. (2004). Masalah pembelajaran penterjemahan teks bahasa Arab kepada Bahasa Melayu di kalangan pelajar Melayu. Prosiding Program Seminar Kebangsaan Pengajaran Bahasa. Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, 8-9 Oktober, 2004.</p><p></p><p>Aziz, A.A., Megat Mohd Noor, M.J. & Jaafar M. S. (2005). A Malaysian Outcome-based Engineering Education Model. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2(1) January.</p><p></p><p>Azizah S. (2003). Pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran kontekstual Fizik dalam bilik darjah di Sekolah Menengah Teknik Kajang. Projek Penyelidikan Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Azizi Y., Jamaluddin, R. & Shahrin H. (2005). Sejauhmanakah model Stu.ffeebeam boleh membantu dalam penilaian program pembelajaran? Johor. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Azizi Y. (1999). Keberkesanan pelaksanaan program Kemahiran Hidup di sekolah-sekolah menengah Malaysia. Tesis Dr. Falsafah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Azizi, Y., Johari, S., Yusof, B. & Rosian, A.M. (2001). The uses of CIPP model as a tool evaluation: How effective on evaluating the technical drawing. Prosiding International Conference on Technology and Vocational - Technical Education: Globalization and Future Trends, him 465-469.</p><p></p><p>Azlan A.L. (1999). Pelaksanaan pengajaran Teknologi Kejuruteraan di sekolah akademik zon selatan Semenanjung Malaysia. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Azizi Y., Shahrin H., Jamaludin R., Yusof B., dan Abdul Rahim H. (2006). Menguasai Penyelidikan Dalam Pendidikan: Teori, Analisis dan lnterpretasi data. (1st ed). Wangsa Melawati, Kuala Lumpur: PTS Professional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Azlin A. Y., Shahrin H., Jamaludin R., Yusof B. & Abdul Rahim H. (2007). Menguasai penyelidikan dalam pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Professional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.a Abu Bakar. 2012. Psikologi Industri dan Pengurusan Sumber Manusia. Malaysia: UMT.</p><p></p><p>Babbie, E. (1992). The Practice of Social Research. California: Wardsworth Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan (2006). Kajian Perlaksanaan Mata Pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan dan Teknologi Kejuruteraan di sekolah Menengah Akademik. Ringkasan Eksekutif Kajian-Kajian, Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan 2000-2004, 166-175. Putrajaya: Kementarian Pelajaran Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ballantine, J. A., Duff, A., & McCourt Larres, P. (2008). Accounting and business students' approaches to learning: A longitudinal study. Journal of Accounting Education, 26, 188-201.</p><p></p><p>Ballantine, J. & Larres, M.P. (2007). Cooperative learning: A pedagogy to improve students' generic skills?. Journal Education and Training 49(2): 126-137.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A. (1986). Social.foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A. (1994). "Self-efficacy," In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior, New York: Academic Press, vol. 4, pp. 71-81, 1994.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.</p><p></p><p>Bandura, A., (1998). Self-efficacy. Encyclopedia of human behavior, 4(1994), 1-65. doi:10.1002/97804704792l 6.corpsy0836.</p><p></p><p>Barr, R.E., Krueger, T.J. & Aanstoos, T.A. (2006). Continuos Outcomes Assessment in an introduction to Mechanical Engineering Course. 361h,ASEE/IEEE Frontiers In Education Conference, S1 E-9-S1E-14.</p><p></p><p>Basri, H. B. (2004). Towards Implementing Outcome-Based Education at UKM,.Conference on Engineering Education . Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Baum, S. M., Olenchak, F. R., & Owen, S. V. (1998). Gifted Students with Attention Deficits: Fact and/or Fiction? Or, Can We See the Forest for the Trees? Gifted Child Quarterly, 42, 96-104. doi:10.l 177/001698629804200204</p><p></p><p>Bedeian A.G. (1986). Management. New York: CBS College Publishing, The Dryden Press.</p><p></p><p>Bedi, A., Chen, N., Robertson, W., & Kelly, B. T. (2008). The management of labral tears and femoroacetabular impingement of the hip in the young, active patient. Arthroscopy: the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery, 24(10), 1135- 1145.</p><p></p><p>Bell, L. & Day, C. (1991). Managing The Professional Development of Teachers, Open University Press. Great Britain.</p><p></p><p>Bennett, H. & Durkin, M. (2000). The effects of organisational change on employee psychological attachment: An exploratory study. Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 15 Issue: 2, pp.126-146, https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940010310328</p><p></p><p>Bennett, N., Dunne, E. & Carre, C. (2000). Skill Development in Higher Education and Employment. The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Bemthal, P.R. (1995). Evaluation that goes the distance. Training and Development Journal 49 (9): 41-45.</p><p></p><p>Berryman, S.E., Flaxman, E. & Inger, M. (1992). Integrating academic and vocational education: An equitable way to prepare middle level students for the future. ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education, New York. 83. http://eric web.tc.columbia.edu/digests/ dig83.html.</p><p></p><p>Best, J.W & Kahn, J.V. (1998). Research in education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J. (1996). Enhancing Teaching Through Constructive Alignment. Higher Education, 32, 347-364. http://dx.doi.org/l0.l007/bfD0138871</p><p></p><p>Bigg, J, B., Kember, D. dan Leung, D. Y. P. (2001). The revised two-factor study process questionnaire: R-SPQ-2F. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 71. 133-149.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J. B. (1978). Approaches to learning in a second year chemical engineering course.International Journal of Science Education. 25(7). 801-819.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (1987). Student Approaches to Leaming and Studying. Melbourne: Australian Council for Educa-tion Research.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J. (1997). Teaching Across and Within Cultures: The Issue of International Students, in Murray-Harvey, R. and Silins, H. C. (Eds.) Leaming and Teaching in Higher Education: Advancing International Perspectives, HERDSA Conference July 1997, Special Edition.</p><p></p><p>Biggs. J. (2003). Teaching for Quality Learning at University, 2nd Ed. Maidenhead, Berkshire: Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J. & Tang, C. (2007). Teaching for quality learning at university (3rd Edition). Berkshire, England: Society for Research in Higher Education and Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (1993). From theory to practice: A cogmt1ve systems approach. Higher Education Research and Development, 12, 73-86.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (1996) Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment, Higher Education, 32: 1-18.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (1999). Teaching for Quality Learning at University, Buckingham: Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (2001). The reflective institution: Assuring and enhancing the quality of teaching and learning. Higher Education, 14, 221-238.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. (2013). Changing Universities: A memoir about academe in different places and times. Melbourne: Strictly Literary.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. & Tang, C. (2007). Teaching for Quality Learning at University. (3rd Ed.).Maidenhead: McGraw Hill Education & Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B. & Tang, C. (2011 a). Teaching for Quality Learning at University. (4th Ed.).Maidenhead: McGraw Hill Education & Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Biggs, J.B & Tang, C. (201 lb) Train-the-Trainers: Implementing Outcomes-based Education in Malaysia, Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 8, 1-20</p><p></p><p>Birtwistle, T., Brown, C., & Wagenaar, R. (2016). A long way to go. A study on the implementation of the learning-outcomes based approach in the EU. Tuning Journal for Higher Education, 3(2), 429-463.</p><p></p><p>Bloom, B. S. & Krathwohl, D. R. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals, by a committee of college and university examiners. Handbook I: Cognitive Domain. NY, NY: Longmans, Green</p><p></p><p>Bloom, B.S. (1977). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. Handbook I: Cognitive Domain. New York: Longman.</p><p></p><p>Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) (2007). Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC).Manual report of engineering programme accreditation.</p><p></p><p>Bogdan, R. C. & Biklen, S. K. (1992). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Boud, D. & Middleton. H. (2003). "Learning from others at work communities of practices and informal learning". Journal of Workplace Learning: Employee Counselling Today. Volume 15, No. 5, pp 194-202.</p><p></p><p>Bourner, T. (1997). Teaching methods for learning outcomes. Journal of Education and Training 39(9): 344-348</p><p></p><p>Bowles, S., Cummingham, C.J.L., De La Rosa, G.M., & Picano, J. (2007). Coaching leaders in middle and executive manager: Goals, performance, buy-in. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 28, 388/408</p><p></p><p>Brady, L. (1996). Outcomes Based Education: a critique. The Curriculum Journal. 7 (1),5-16.</p><p></p><p>Bramley, P. (1996). Evaluating training effectiveness. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Briner, M. (1999). What is constructivism? University of Colorado at Denver School of Education. Retrieved from https://curriculum.calstatela.edu/faculty/psparks/theorists/501const.htm</p><p></p><p>Brinkerhoff, R. (1989). Evaluating training programs in business and industry. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.</p><p></p><p>Bruner, J.S. (1985). Narrative and paradigmatic modes of thought. Learning and teaching ways of knowing. Chicago: National Society for the Study of Education.</p><p></p><p>Buist, M. (1991). Illuminative evaluation. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Burke, B. M. (2007). Creating communicative classrooms with experiential design.Foreign Language Annals, 40(3), 441-462.</p><p></p><p>Bruner, J. (1966). Toward a theory of instruction. Cambridge, MA: Havard University Press.</p><p></p><p>Burbules, N.C. & Torres C.A. (2000). Globalization and education: An introduction. http://faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/burbules/papers/globalhtml [23 Januari 2003].</p><p></p><p>Bushnell, D. (1990). Input, process, output: A model for evaluating training. Training and Development Journal: 42-43.</p><p></p><p>Busher, Hugh. (2006). Understanding Educational Leadership: People, Power and Culture.Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Butler, M. (2004). Outcomes-Based Outcomes focused education. Overview. Retrieved l May 2009, from http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/saudization/files/outcomes.</p><p></p><p>Calton, R. (1994). Attainment and behavior of children. Journal of Oxford Review of Education 3(30).</p><p></p><p>Campbell T. (1997). Reducing Bias in Language Assessment: processing-dependent Measures. JSLHR, Volume 40, 519-525.</p><p></p><p>Carnevale, A.P., & Schulz, E.R. (1990). Return on investment: Accounting for training.Training and Development Journal 44 (7) 1-32.</p><p></p><p>Carpinetti, L. C., Buosi, T., & Gerolamo, M. C. (2003). Quality management and improvement: A framework and a business-process reference model. Business Process Management Journal, 9(4), 543-554.</p><p></p><p>Cascio, C.F. (1995). Pengurusan sumber manusia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Cascio, W.S. & Awad, E.M. (1981). Human resource management: an information system approach. Virginia: Reston Pub. Co. Inc.</p><p></p><p>Castillo-Merino, D., & Serradell-Lopez, E. (2014). An Analysis of the Determinants of Students' Performance in E-Leaming. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 476-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.020</p><p></p><p>Caswell, B., Lamon, M. & Reeve, R. (1999). Finding theory in practice: Collaborative networks for professional learning. In Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), Montreal.</p><p></p><p>Cervaro, H. S. & Wilson, K. G. (1994). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Altering the verbal support for experiential avoidance. The Behavior Analyst, 17, 289-303.</p><p></p><p>Chabeli, M. (2006). Higher order thinking skills competencies required by outcomes-based education from leaders. Curationis. 29. 78-86.10.4102/curationis. v29i3. l l 07.</p><p></p><p>Chaiyot, R. (1986). An evaluation of the undergraduate educational technology program at Srinakharinwirot University Mahasarakham, Thailand. Illinois State University.</p><p></p><p>Chan, Albert & Chan, Chi-Hung. (2009). A new outcome-based curriculum: its impact on student core competence. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education. 1. 10.1108/1758118420090001 l.</p><p></p><p>Che Ahmad, C.N., & Saidatul, A.S. & Asmayati, Y. (2016) Kesesuaian persekitaran pembelajaran, interaksi guru-pelajar, komitmen belajar dan keselesaan pembelajaran dalam kalangan pelajar Biologi. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia (JPSMM UPSI), 6 (1). pp. 101-120. ISSN 2232-0393</p><p></p><p>Chee Keong, C., Liang, L., Said, S. & Man, S.H. (2010). Amalan Penggunaan TMK dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Sebuah Sekolah Orang Asli di Hulu Perak, Gerik: Satu Kajian Kes. Institut Pergurusan Guru Kampus Sultan Abdul Halim.</p><p></p><p>Chemers, M. M., Hu, L.T., & Garcia, B. F. (2001 ). Academic self-efficacy and first year college student performance and adjustment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(1), 55-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.93.l .55</p><p></p><p>Chua Y. P. (2006). Asas statistik penyelidikan Buku 2. Kuala Lumpur: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Chinthala G.H (2014). Organizational climate a predictor of job satisfaction among teachers. International Journal of Research (IJR)</p><p></p><p>Ciampa, K. (2014). Learning in a Mobile Age: An Investigation of Student Motivation. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 30(1), 82-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12036</p><p></p><p>Clark, R. E. & Surgrue, B. M. (1988). Research on instructional media, 1978-1988. In D. Ely (Ed.), Educational Media Yearbook 1987-88. Littletown, CO: Libraried Unlimited.</p><p></p><p>Clement, M. & Vandenberghe, R. (2001). How School Leaders can Promote Teachers'Professional Development. An Account from the Field. http://lst-iiep.iiep unesco.org/cgi-bin/wwwi32.exe/[in=epidoc I .in]/?t2000=016167/(100). 21.I0.1080/13632430120033036.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J.W (2003) Research Design. Sage Publications, America.</p><p></p><p>Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational Reasearch - Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative reasearch. 2nd Ed. University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Pearson Education International.</p><p></p><p>Creswell J.W. (2008). Educational Research Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quanlitative and Qualitative Research (3rd Ed.). Pearson Merill Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Cresswell, J.W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches Research. Fourth Edition. SAGE Publication, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Cole, Robert E. (1999). Managing quality fads: How American business learned to play the quality game. New York: Oxford University Press, 284 pp.</p><p></p><p>Coleman, H. (1985). Evaluating teacher's guides: Do teacher's guides guide teachers?England: Pargamon Press Ltd and Lanchester University.</p><p></p><p>Cooper, D.R. & Emory, C.W. (1995). Business research method. New York: The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Cooper, C. R. (2007). Boredom in school? Differentiated instruction can alleviate it.Parenting for High Potential, 14-15.</p><p></p><p>Corne!, W.F. (1981). Asas pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Culverson, D. (2002). Exploring organizational commitment following radical change A case study within the Parks Canada Agency. UWSpace. http://hdl.handle.net/l0012/717</p><p></p><p>Cuny, F.C. (1995). Principles of management: program planning. Wisconsin: Disaster Management Center. http://dmc.engr.wisc.edu/courses/ principles/AA04-02.html [23 April 2004].</p><p></p><p>Dalton, A. (1990). Adventures in thinking. Australia: Thomas Nelson.</p><p></p><p>Davis, G.A. & Thomas, M.A. (1989). Effective schools and effective teachers.Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Detomasi, D. (1995). Mission statement: One more time. Journal of planning for higher education (24): 31 - 35.</p><p></p><p>De Guzman, M. F. D., Edafio, D. C., & Umayan, Z. D. (2017). Understanding the Essence of the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) and Knowledge of its Implementation in a Technological University in the Philippines. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 5(4).</p><p></p><p>Dewi, C., & Subudi. (2015). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kepuasan kerja dan turnover intention pada CV Gita Karya Persada Denpasar. E-Jurnal Manajemen Unud, 4(12), 4219-4244</p><p></p><p>Dixon, N.M. (1996). New routes to evaluation. Training and Development 50 (5): 82-86.</p><p></p><p>Davis, M. H. (2 003). Outcome based education. JVME, 30 (3), 227-232.</p><p></p><p>D. Ellinger, Andrea & Ellinger, Alexander & Keller, S. (2003). Supervisory coaching behavior, employee satisfaction, and warehouse employee performance: A dyadic perspective in the distribution industry. Human Resource Development Quarterly.14. 435 -458. 10.1002/hrdq.1078.</p><p></p><p>Denton. J. J. & Lacina, L. J. (1984). Quantity of professional education coursework linked with process measures of student teaching. Teacher Education and Practice, 1, 39- 46.</p><p></p><p>DiPaola, M. F., & Tschannen-Moran, M. (2005). Bridging or buffering? The impact of schools'adaptive strategies on student achievement. Journal of Educational Administration, 43(1), 60-71.</p><p></p><p>Dorothy, E. L., & Swearer, S. M. (2010). Expanding The Social-Ecological Framework Of Bullying Among Youth: Lessons Learned from the Past and Directions for the Future. In Bullying in North American schools (pp. 23-30). Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Dornyei, Z. (2001). New themes and approaches in second language motivation research.Annual review of applied linguistics, 21, 43-59.</p><p></p><p>Drucker, P.F. (1999). Management Challenges for the 21st Century, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Duffy, T.M. & Jonassen, D.H. (2013). Constructivism and the Technology of Instruction:A Conversation. Routledge. ISBN 1136612270, 9781136612275.</p><p></p><p>Duke, D.L. (1979). Environmental influences on classroom management. Massachusetts.Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>EAC. (2012). 2012 Engineering EngineeringAccreditation Council.Programme Accreditation Manual.</p><p></p><p>Eddy, P.L. 2013. Developing leaders: The role of competencies in rural community colleges. Community College Review 41(1): 20-43.</p><p></p><p>Ee Ah Meng, (2003). Ilmu Pendidikan: Pengetahuan dan Ketrampilan Ikhtisas. Selangor: Penerbitan Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Ee, J., Kim, L. 0., & Potter, G. (2004). Teachers' understanding and practice of strategy based Findings across cultures. Dim. Oon Seng Tan, Agnes Chang & Jessie Ee (pnyt.), instruction and classroom goal orientations for students' self-regulation.</p><p></p><p>Elliott, J. (1999). An Introduction to Sustainable Development (2nd Edn.). London: Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Embi, M. A. & Adun, M. N. (2010). e-Pembelajaran di IPTA Malaysia. Pusat Pembangunan Akademik UKM dan Jabatan Pengajian Tinggi, KPTM.</p><p></p><p>Emmer, E.T. (1987). Classroom management and dicipline. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) (2007). Manual report of engineering programme accreditation. Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM).</p><p></p><p>Eseryel, D. (2002). Approaches to evaluation of training: Theory & practice. Educational technology & society 5 (2): 436-452.</p><p></p><p>Ewell, P. (2008). Building academic cultures of evidence: A perspective on learning outcomes in higher education. Paper presented at the symposium of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee on Quality Education, Quality Outcomes - the way forward for Hong Kong, Hong Kong.</p><p></p><p>Falk, I. & Millar, P. (2002). Implications of 'non-standard work practices' for literacy and numeracy. ALNARC National Research Program Commonwealth of Australia.</p><p></p><p>Fatin A.P., Mohd Salleh, A., Mohammad B. A. & Salmiza, S. (2014). Faktor Penyumbang kepada Kemorosotan Penyertaan Pelajar dalam Aliran Sains: Satu Analisis Sorotan Tesis. Jurnal Sains Humanika. 2:4 (2014) 63-71 I www.sainshumanika.utm.my I e-ISSN ISSN: 2289-6996</p><p></p><p>Fazidah, M.J. (2002). Persepsi guru dan pelajar terhadap pelaksanaan kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran matematik secara kontekstual di Sekolah Menengah Teknik di Negeri Melaka. Projek Penyelidikan Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Felder, R.M. & Brent, R. (2003). Designing and teaching courses to address the ABET engineering criteria. J. Engr. Education 92(1), 7-25 (2003).<www.ncsu.edu/felderpublic/Papers/ABET_Paper_ (JEE).pdf->.</p><p></p><p>Field, K., Holden, P. & Lawlor, H. (2000). Effective subject leardership. Great Britain: St.Edmunsbury Press.</p><p></p><p>Finch, C.R. & Crunkilton, J.R. (1993). Curriculum development in vocational and technical education: Planning, content and implementation. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Finch, C.G. (1984). Strategic Planning In Education: A Guide For Policy Makers.Alexandra, Va: National School Boards Association.</p><p></p><p>Fitz-Enz. (I 994). Yes, you can weight training's value. Training 31 (7): 54-58.</p><p></p><p>Fitzpatrick, J. L., Saners, J. R., & Worthen, B. R. (2004). Program evaluation: Alternatives,approaches, and practical guidelines (3rd ed.). Boston: Pearson Education Inc.</p><p></p><p>Fitzpatrick, S., Johnson, S. & White, M. (2011). Multiple Exclusion Homelessness in the UK: Key Patterns and Intersections. Social Policy & Society, 10 (4), 501-12</p><p></p><p>Fong, Y.K. (2000). Persepsi pelajar perdagangan tahun pertama dan guru Bahasa Inggeris mengenai kekuatan dan kelemahan kursus Commercial English I di Politeknik Ungku Omar, Ipoh, Perak. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Frase, L.E & Sorenson, L. (1992). Teacher motivation and satisfaction: Impact on participatory management. NASSP Buletin January:37-43.</p><p></p><p>Gabriel, R.A. (1975). Program evaluation: A social science approach. New York: MSS Information Corporation.</p><p></p><p>Gage, N. L., & Berliner, D. C. (1998). Educational psychology (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. [Also, Gage, N. L., & Berliner, D. C., Instructor's manual for Educational Psychology (6th ed.). And, Bierly, M. M., Gage, N. L., & Berliner, D.C. Student Study Guide for Educational Psychology (6th ed.)].</p><p></p><p>Gagne, R. (1977). The conditions of learning and theory of instruction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.</p><p></p><p>Gagne, R.M. & Briggs, L.J. (1979). Principles of Instructional Design (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Gagne, R. (1985). The conditions of learning (Edisi ke-4). New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.</p><p></p><p>Gainen, J. & P. Locatelli (1995). Assesment for the New Curriculum: A Guide for Professional Accounting Programs. Accounting Education Series. Vol. 11. Sarasota, FL: Accounting Education Change Commission and American Accounting Association.</p><p></p><p>Gall, M.D., Gall, J.P., & Borg, W.R. (2003). Education Research: An Introduction. Edisi ke-7. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Gardner, M. M., Bresciani, M. J. & Hickmott, J. (2012). Demonstrating student success: A practical guide to outcomes-based assessment of learning and development in student affairs. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Garmston, R. (1991). Staff development as social architects: Educational leadership.Journal of the association for supervision and curriculum development 6(2): 7-11.</p><p></p><p>Garner, R. L. (2006). Humor in Pedagogy: How Ha-Ha can Lead to Aha! College Teaching, 54(1 ), 177-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/CTCH.54.1.177-180</p><p></p><p>Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic.</p><p></p><p>Gardner, H. (1993). Frames of mind. Rev. ed. New York: Basic.</p><p></p><p>Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligences reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st century.New York: Basic.</p><p></p><p>Gardner, H. (2006). Multiple Intelligences and education. http://www.infed.org/thinkers/ gardner.htm. (accessed 2 August 2006).</p><p></p><p>Gay, L.R. & Airasian, P. (2000). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and application. New Jersey: Prantice-Hall Inc.</p><p></p><p>Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. W. (2009). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Gerard, W.M. & Julie K.S. (1992). Plan-Do-Check-Act and The Management of Institutional Research 32nd AIR Annual orum Georgia.</p><p></p><p>Ghaith, G., & Diab, H. (2008). Determinants of EFL achievement among Arab college bound learners. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 1(4), 278-286.</p><p></p><p>Gilbert, L., & Moore, D.R. (1998). Building interactivity into Web courses: Tools for social and instructional interaction. Educational Technology, 38(3), 29-35.</p><p></p><p>Goetsch, D. L., & Davis, S. B. (2013). Quality Management for Organizational Excellence: Introduction to Total Quality. Japan: Pearson Education International.</p><p></p><p>Goff, L. (2010). Ontario Universities Council on Quality assurance. Outcome-based education [Webinar]. Retrieved January 11, 2016, from http://cll.mcmaster.ca/articulate/COU/Outcomes%20Based%20Education%20We binar/player.html</p><p></p><p>Gokhale, A. (1996). Effectiveness of Computer Simulation for Enhancing Higher Order Thinking. Journal of Industrial Teacher Education. 33.</p><p></p><p>Graham, G. (2008). Teaching Children Physical Education Becoming a Master Teacher (3rd Eds), Human Kinetics, USA.</p><p></p><p>Granheim, M., Maurice K. and Lundgren, U. (1990). Evaluation as policy making: Introducing evaluation into a national decentralised educational system. London: Jessica Kingsley Publisher.</p><p></p><p>Graczewski, C., Knudson, J., & Holtzman, D. J. (2009). Instructional leadership in practice: What does it look like, and what influence does it have? Journal of Education for Students at Risk (JESPAR), 14(1), 72-96.</p><p></p><p>Guba, E.G. & Lincoln, Y.S. (1982). Effective evaluation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publications.</p><p></p><p>Guilloteaux, M. J., & Dornyei, Z. (2008). Motivating language learners: A classroom oriented investigation of the effects of motivational strategies on student motivation. TESOL quarterly, 42(1), 55-77.</p><p></p><p>Gunawardena, C., Lowe, C. & Anderson, T. (1997). Analysis of a global on-line debate and the development of an interaction analysis model for examining social construction of knowledge in computer conferencing. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 17(4), 395- 429.</p><p></p><p>Guyton, E. & Farokhi, E. (1987). Relationships among academic performance, basic skills, subject matter knowledge and teaching skills of teacher education graduates. Journal of teacher education 38: 37-42.</p><p></p><p>Hadley, R. G., & Mitchell, L. K. (1995). Counseling research and program evaluation.Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.</p><p></p><p>Habibah, M. S. (1995). Hubungan Latar Belakang Guru dengan Persepsi terhadap Pengajaran Mata Pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Hafizah. H., Norbahinan, M., Salina, A. S., Aini H., Siti Salasiah M. (2008). Amalan gaya pembelajaran pelajar cemerlang di Politeknik Seberang Perai: Kajian pelajar Malaysia berdasarkan model Felder Silvermen Learning styles of high achievers at the Seberang Perai Polytechnic: A study of Malaysian students based on the Felder Silvermen model. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299289252 [accessed Nov 01 2018]. Sistem Pemantauan Prestasi Pelajar JKEES. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Hafiza, A. & Halimah, B. Z. (2011). Visual Learning through Augmented Reality Storybook for Remedial Student. In Halimah B. Z., P. Robinson, M. Petrou & P. Oliver (Eds.). Visual informatics: Sustaining research and innovations. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag Berlin.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J.E., Anderson, R.E. Tatham, R.L. & Black, W.C. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis.Ed. Ke-5. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R.L., & Black, W. C. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional leadership and the school principal: a passing fancy that refuses to fade away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4 (3), pp. 221-240.</p><p></p><p>Hambur, S., Rowe, K., & Luc, L. T. (2002). Graduate Skills Assessment: Stage one validity study. Canberra: Department of Education Science and Training.</p><p></p><p>Hamid, Roszilah & Khatimin, Nuraini & Abdullah, Siti. (2015). Best Practices in Teaching and Learning for Engineering and Built Environment Education. 1-16. 10.18797/CAASR/ICIET/2015/11/27/01.</p><p></p><p>Hamidin, A.A. (2000). Strategi pengajaran sains, tekniologi, Masyarakat, Selangor: Pentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Hammond, R. (1973). Evaluation at the local level. Arizona: EDIC Evaluation Center Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Hanijah, S. (2002). Pemahaman konsep asas mol bagi mata pelajaran Kimia tingkatan empat di sekolah menengah. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Harder, R.M. (2002). Learning outcomes and instructional objectives: is there a difference?Medical Teacher 24(2):151-155.</p><p></p><p>Harrey, B.C. (1998). The perils of planning before you are ready. Journal ofplanningfor higher education (26): 25-32.</p><p></p><p>Harrow, A.J. (1972). A Taxonomy of the Psychomotor Domain. New York: David McKay Co.</p><p></p><p>Harun, B., & Zawawi I. (2014). Vocabulary learning strategies and Arabic vocabulary size among pre-university students in Malaysia. International Education Studies, 7(13), 219-226.</p><p></p><p>Hashim, Y. (2007). Value literacy as conduit for managing change in higher education institutions. In Sufean Hussin et al. (Eds.), The whirlwind in educational management and policy (pp. 1-18). Kuala Lumpur: UM Press.</p><p></p><p>Hassan Basri A. M. D. (2002). Language testing: The construction and Validation. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.</p><p></p><p>Hassan, B., Abu Bakar, C.M., Wan Hamidon, W.B. & Jailani M.N. (2004). Malaysia and The Washington Accord: What it takes for full membership. International Engineering Convention, Amman Jordan.</p><p></p><p>Hassan, J. (2004). Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Terhadap Matematik Di Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Skudai: Penerbitan UTM.</p><p></p><p>Hazita, A., Balakrishnan, M., Fazal Mohamed, M. S., Harshita Aini, H., Muhammad Kamarul, K. A.& Ratna Roshida, A. R. (2009). Dapatan Kajian. Dalam Morsidi Sirat dan Ambigapathy Pandian (pnyt.) Kurikulum universiti dan keperluan pemerolehan pekerjaan. pp. 19-64. Pulau Pinang: InstitutPenyelidikan Pendidikan Tinggi Negara, Universiti Sains Malaysia. ISBN: 9789834266264</p><p></p><p>Heeter, C. (2005). Situated Learning for designers: Social, Cognitive and Situated Framework. from the Michigan State University Web site: http://teachvu.vu.msu.edu/public/designers/social_interactions/index.php?page_n um=4</p><p></p><p>Hergenhahn, B. R., & Henley, T. (2013). An introduction to the history of psychology.Cengage Learning.</p><p></p><p>Herod, L. (2000). Integrating technology into Canadian adult literacy programs: Curriculum evaluation considerations. http://www.nald.ca/fulltext/herod/april/april.pdf.</p><p></p><p>Heylighen, F. & Joslyn, C. (1992). Systems theory: What are cybernetics and systems science? Principia Cybernetica Web. http://www.pespmcl.vub.ac.be/ SYSTHEOR.html.</p><p></p><p>Hisham A.T. (1991). Training guide for Islamic workers. Herndon, Virginia, USA: IIFSO.</p><p></p><p>Hsieh, W. K. & Hsiao (2001). Evaluation of junior colleges of commerce. Proceedings the Taiwan case international conference on engineering education, August 6-10,pp. 7-14. Oslo Norway.</p><p></p><p>Holmes, R. (2003). Collaborative projects: A study of paired work in a Malaysian university. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 40(3), 254-259.</p><p></p><p>Honey, P. & Mumford, A. (1992). The Manual of learning styles. Maidenhead: Peter Honey.</p><p></p><p>Horn, M. (2013). The Transformational Potential ofFlipped Classrooms: Different Strokes for Different Folks. Education Neaxt. Summer 2013.https://educationnext.org/files/ednext_Xlll_3_whatnext.pdf</p><p></p><p>House, E.R. & Howe, K.R. (2000). Deliberative democratic evaluation checklist. http://www.wmich.edu/evalctr/checklists/dd_checklist.htm. [12 Julai 2002].</p><p></p><p>House, E. R. (1978). Assumptions underlying evaluation models. Educational Researcher,</p><p>7(3), 4-12.</p><p></p><p>Hoy, W.K., & Forsyth, P.B. (1986). Effective supervision: Theory into practice. New York: Random House.</p><p></p><p>Hoy, W.K. & Miske), C.G. (2005). Education Administration: Theory, Research and Practice. New York: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Hsiao, H.C., Chang, J.C., Tu, Y.L. & Chen, S.C. (2011). The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Innovative Work Behavior for Teachers. Internatioanl Journal of Science and Humanity, Vol. 1, May.</p><p></p><p>Huitt, W. (2003). A transactional model of the teaching learning process. Educational psychology interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University.</p><p></p><p>Hull, D.M. & Souders, J.C. (1999). Enhancing Technical literacy through Tech Prep. Center for Occupational Research and Development. Waco, Texas. Retrieved on May 8, 2011, from http//www.nae.edu/nae/NAETTech.nsf/weblinks/KGRG- 582SQ2? Open document.</p><p></p><p>Hussein M. (1993). Kepemimpinan dan keberkesanan sekolah. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Husin, M. Y. (2006). Penilaian terhadap perancangan dan pelaksanaan program pembelajaran kontekstual di sekolah-sekolah menengah teknik di Malaysia. Selangor: Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Husain, Mohd Yusof & Mustapha, Ramlee & Malik, Syed & Sattar Rasul, Mohammad & Mokhtar, Seri. (2013). Employability Skills, Co-curriculum Management, Peer Interaction and Contextual Teaching and Learning in Technical Institutions. 10.13140/RG.2.1.4257.7444.</p><p></p><p>Hussin, S. (2010). Tajuk Kertas Pembentangan: Halatuju PMM Ke Arah Pembudayaan Pendidikan Keusahawanan - Perancangan Serta Perlaksanaannya. Politeknik Merlimau, Melaka. Tarikh: 27 April 2010</p><p></p><p>Hsu, J. T. S. (1997). Value, expectancy, metacognition, resource management, and academic achievement: A structural model of self-regulated learning in a distance education context (pp. 1-105). University of Southern California.</p><p></p><p>Ibn Khaldun, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad Khaldun al-Hadrami. (2002). Mukaddimah Ibn Khaldun. Terjemahan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Ibrahim Mamat. (2001). Reka bentuk dan pengurusan latihan: Konsep dan Amalan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan bahasa dan pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Ibrahim, (2007). Pengembangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif Siswa SMP dalam Matematika melalui Pendekatan Advokasi dengan Penyajian Masalah Open Ended. Tesis Sekolah Pasca Sarjana UPI. Bandung: Tidak dipublikasikan.</p><p></p><p>Isa, N. I. M. M., & Abdullah, M. S. (2017). lmplementasi Pendidikan Berasaskan Hasil (PBH) melalui Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBPj) untuk Menilai Pencapaian Domain Kognitif Berdasarkan Topik Ekosistem Terancam. Sains Humanika, 9(1- 5).</p><p></p><p>Isaac, S. & Michael, W.B. (1984). Handbook in research and evaluation. San Diego, California. Edits Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Irdayanti, M.N. (2015). Pembangunan Model Pengukuran Dan Konstruk Kepimpinan Instruksional Berinovatif. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Unioversiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Shah.</p><p></p><p>Isdawati, I., Abdul Razaq, A. & Mohd Mahzan, A. (2017). A Study of Soft Skills among Polytechnic Students. Open Journal of Social Sciences. 5, 295-311. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jss.</p><p></p><p>Ishak, M. S. (2006). Kepimpinan Dan Hubungan Interpersonal Dalam Organisasi. Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, A. (2009). Pembangunan modal insan holistik mampu bentuk belia kuatjati diri, Berita harian.</p><p></p><p>Ismail, Z. (2002). Aplikasi multimedia dalam pengajaran. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication & Distributors Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Tinggi (2006). Hala Tuju 2: Laporan Penilaian Semula Program Perakaunan Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam Malaysia 2006, Jabatan Pengajian Tinggi, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik. (2010). Ha/a Tuju, Transformasi Politeknik. Putrajaya: MOHE.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik (2009). Hala Tuju Transformasi Politeknik: Ke arah kelestarian penghasilan Modal Insan Negara. Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik. (20 I 0). Laporan Eksekutif Kajian pengesanan graduan Politeknik 2010. Putrajaya: Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik, KPTM.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik. (2011, September 15). CIDOS (Curriculum Information Document Online System). Retrieved from Curriculum Development and Evalution Division (Bahagian Pembangunan dan Penilaian Kurikulum): http://cidos.edu.my/</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik. (2011). Fakta Ringkas September 2011. Putrajaya: Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik. (2013). Transformasi Politeknik Peningkatan kearah kecemerlangan (Fasa 2). Putrajaya: Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik (2014). Laporan Tahunan Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jabatan Pendidikan Tinggi (JPT), 2002. Kod Amalan Jaminan Kualiti IPTA.</p><p></p><p>Jacobsen, R.L. (1993). "Shaking up the MBA". Chronicle of Higher Education Volume 40,pp 18-19.</p><p></p><p>Jahi, S. (1999). Sejauhmana pelajar dapat menguasai kemahiran saintifik dalam tajuk fenomena hujan Sains KBSR Tahun 5. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jain, S. (2014). Methods Of Training Programmes Evaluation: A Review. The Journal of Commerce, 6(2), 19.</p><p></p><p>Jager, K.D. & Nassimbeni, M. (2005). Information literacy and quality assurance in South African higher education institutions. South African Journal of Libraries and Information Science 55: 31-38.</p><p></p><p>Jamal, N. Y. (2009). Hubungan antara kepimpinan transformasi dan budaya organisasi dengan organisasi pembelajaran di sekolah kebangsaan dan sekolah jenis kebangsaan luar bandar. Tesis PhD. Universiti Utara Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jamil, A. (2002). Pemupukan budaya penyelidikan di kalangan guru di sekolah: Satu penilaian. Selongor: Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Jansen, J.D. (1999). Setting the Scene: Histographies of Curriculum Policy in South Africa. In Jansen, J. & Christie, P. (eds), Changing Curriculum Studies on Outcomes-based Education in South Africa. Cape Town: Juta & Co Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Jansen J.D. (2001). School autonomy and evaluation on the politics of performance in South African education: Autonomy, accountability and assessment. Prospects, volume xxxi (1) December 2001.</p><p></p><p>Jasmi, K. A. (2013). Pembelajaran Aktif Dalam Pendidikan Islam: Pengamalan Guru Cemerlangpendidikan Islam (Active Learning In Is-Lamie Education: Practicing Excellent Teacher Oflslamic Education).</p><p></p><p>Jiamu, C. (2001). The great importance of the distinction between declarative and procedural knowledge. Analise Psicol6gica, 19(4), 559-566.</p><p></p><p>Johnson, S.M. (1986). Incentives for teachers: What motivates, what matters. Educational administration quarterly 22 (3):54-79.</p><p></p><p>Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluations. (1994). The program evaluation standards: How to assess evaluations of educational programs. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluations. (2011). The program evaluation standards: Newbury Park, CA: Sage.</p><p></p><p>John, M.C., and Taylor, J.W.V. (1999). Leadership Style, School Climate and Institutional Commitment of Teachers. International Forum, 2 (I): 25-27.</p><p></p><p>Jonassen, D.H. (1995). Supporting commmunitities of learners with techonology: A vision for intergrating technology with learning in schools. Educational Techonology, (pp.60-63).</p><p></p><p>Jonassen, D. H & Grabowski, B. L. (1993). Handbook of individual differences learning & instruction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Hove and London.</p><p></p><p>Jones, N. R. (2006). Educators' Understanding of the Premises Underpinning Outcomes Based Education and Its Impact on Their Classroom Assessment Practices. Thesis Master. University of Pretoria.</p><p></p><p>Jones, R., & Meyer, C. (1993). Promoting active learning: Strategies for the college classroom. San Francisco: Josey-Bass.</p><p></p><p>Juraidah M.J. (2005). Penilaian rancangan latihan mengajar (RKM) program pendidikan guru Universiti Utara Malaysia. Tesis sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi.</p><p></p><p>Kamaruddin H. (1997). Psikologi bilik darjah. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication & Distributions Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Kamaruddin, M. T. (2010). Penilaian pembangunan kemahiran generik dalam kalangan pelajar tahun akhir Kole} Komuniti Kementerian Pengajaian Tinggi Malaysia. Selangor: Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kanapathy, V., (2001). "Building Malaysia's IT society". Raffles Review. Volume 5, No.1, pp 1-14.</p><p></p><p>Kang, T.L. (1994). A study of evaluation method of vocational training effectiveness. Department of Vocational Training of Executive. Yuan, Rep. of China: Kwang Hua Publishing Co.</p><p></p><p>Karplus, R., & Their, H.D. (1967). A new look at elementary school science: Science curriculum improvement study. Chicago: Rand McNally</p><p></p><p>Kearns, P. (2001). Generic Skill For The New Economy Review Of Research. Adelaide.NCVER.</p><p></p><p>Keller, R.F. (2005). Program planning for organizations. Ontario: Queen's Printer.</p><p></p><p>Kember, D. & Leung, D.Y.P. (1998). Influences upon students' perceptions of workload.Educational Psychology, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 293-307</p><p></p><p>Kember, D. & Leung, D. Y. P. (2005). The influence of active learning experiences on the development of graduate capabilities. Studies in Higher Education. 30: 157-172.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia, KPTM (2003). Laporan Akhir Kajian Masalah Pengangguran Di Kalangan Siswazah. Institut Penyelidikan Pendidikan Tinggi Negara</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi (2006). Modul Pembangunan Kemahiran Insaniah (Soft Skills) untuk lnstitusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2015). Laporan Tahunan.</p><p></p><p>Kuala Lumpur: KPM Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia (KPTM). (2006). Modul PembangunanKemahiran lnsaniah (Soft Skills) untuk Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.Universiti Putra Malaysia. Selangor</p><p></p><p>Kennedy, D. Hyland, A., & Ryan, N. (2006). Writing and Using Learning Outcomes: a Practical Guide. In the Bologna Handbook. Accessed Online: http://www.bologna.msmt.cz/files/learning-outcomes.pdf</p><p></p><p>Kestner, J.L. (1996). Program evaluation for sport directors. Pennsylvania: Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. Campaign.</p><p></p><p>Killen, D. (1998). An Australian Perspective on Outcome-Based Education. Keynote Address at the International Symposium on Outcomes-Based Education. Pretoria: Vista University.</p><p></p><p>Killen R., (2000). Outcomes-based Education: Principles and Possibilities. Unpublished Manuscript, Faculty of Education, University of New Castle.</p><p></p><p>Killen R, (2003). Validity in outcomes-based assessment. Perspective m education.Volume 21(I) March 2003</p><p></p><p>Kirkpatrick, D. L. (1996). Implementation for the four levels of evaluation. http://www.astd.org/virtual_community/comm_evaluation/ reading.html [2 Ogos 2002].</p><p></p><p>Klausmeier, H.J., Ghatala, E.S. & Frayer, D.A. (1974). Conceptual learning and development: A cognitive view. New York: Academia Press.</p><p></p><p>Kline, R.B. (2005). Principle and Practice of Structural equation Modelling. (2nd ed.). new York: Guilford Press.</p><p></p><p>Knight, J. K., & Wood, W. B. (2005). Teaching more by lecturing less. Cell biology education, 4(4), 298-310.</p><p></p><p>Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning as a source of development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Kraemer, A. (2006). Teachers' use of English in communicative German language Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Krathwohl, D.R., Bloom, B.S., & Masia, B.B. (1964). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: Handbook II: Affective Domain. New York: David McKay Co.</p><p></p><p>Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities.Education and Psychological Measurement, 30:607-610</p><p></p><p>Lamon, M. (1999). Finding theory in practice: Collaborative networks for professional learning. Centre for Applied Cognitive Science Richard Reeve and Bev Caswell, Institute of Child Study Laboratory School Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto.</p><p></p><p>Laugksch, R. C. (2007). Outcomes-Based Education in South Africa: Using an Instrument to School-Level Environments during the Implementation. Conference of the Australian Association for Research in Education (AARE) (pp. 25-29). Australia: Fremantle.</p><p></p><p>Lave, J. & Wenger, E. (1991): Situated learning: legitimate peripheral participation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press</p><p></p><p>Lawson, A.E. (1978). Development and validation of the classroom test of formal reasoning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 15, 11-24.</p><p></p><p>Lawson, A. E, (1982). Education, Equilibration and Biology Instruction. The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 394-405.</p><p></p><p>Lawson, M. J & William, H. A. (2007). Outcomes- based education. Association of Independent School of SA.</p><p></p><p>Lee H. A. (2017). Malaysia's Transformasi Nasional 2050 Brings Bold New Style, but to What End? ISESAS Yusof Ishak Institute. Issue: 2017 No.31. ISSN 2335-6677. Singapore.</p><p></p><p>Leh, L.Y., Azlina, M. & Ecrolien, L.L. (2012). Persepsi pelajar terhadap persekitaran fizikal makmal komputer di Politeknik Kuching Sarawak. Kertas Persidangan Kebangsaan Penyelidikan Dan Inovasi Dalam Pendidikan Dan Latihan Teknikal Dan Vokasional, at Politeknik Nilai, Negeri Sembilan</p><p></p><p>Lewkowicz, J.A. & Moon, J. (1985). Evaluation: A way of involving the learner. Dim Alderson, J. C. (Ed.). Lancaster Practical Papers in English Language Education vol. 6: Evaluation. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 45-80.</p><p></p><p>Lynch, D. J. (2006). Motivational Factors, Learning Strategies and Resource Management as Predictors of Course Grades. College Student Journal, 40(2).</p><p></p><p>Lizzio, A. & Wilson, K. (2004). First-year students' perceptions of capability. Studies in Higher Education 29(1): 109-128.</p><p></p><p>Lowe, J. (1992). A Participatory Planning Approach to Enhancing a Historically Black University-Community Partnership: The Case of the e-City Initiative. Planning, Practice & Research, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 549-558, November 2008</p><p></p><p>Longenecker, C. 0. (2010). Coaching for better results: key practices of high performance leaders. Industrial and Commercial Training, Vol. 42 Issue: 1, pp.32-40, https://doi.org/10.1108/00197851011013698</p><p></p><p>Louden, L.W. & Browne, R.K. (1993). Developments in Education Policy in Australia: A Perspective on the 1980s. In Beare, H. & Boyd, W.L. (ed.), Restructuring Schools an International Perspective on the Movement to Transform the Control and Performance of Schools.</p><p></p><p>Lublin, J. (2003). Generic objectives and transferable skills. Centre for Teaching and Learning: Good Practice in Teaching and Learning.</p><p></p><p>Maimunah 0. (2004). Kemahiran berfikir. Kuala Lumpur. Institut Tadbiran Awam Negara (INTAN).</p><p></p><p>Malaysian Qualification Agency, MQA, (2006). Programme Standards: Engineering and Engineering Technology. Sistem Penarafan Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Malaysian Qualifications Agency. (2007). The Malaysian Qualifications Framework.Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Malaysian Qualifications Agency, MQA. (2010). Dicapai pada November 12, 2011 daripada http://www.ekemahiran.edu.my</p><p></p><p>Malaysian Qualification Agency, MQA, (2011). Programme Standards: Engineering and Engineering Technology</p><p></p><p>Mamary, A., Alessi, F. V. & L. Rowe. (1991). "The Outcomes-Driven Developmental Model: A Program for Comprehensive School Improvement." Johnson City, N.Y.: Johnson City Central School District.</p><p></p><p>Malcom, C. (1999). Outcome Based Education has different forms. Changing Curriculum: Studies on Outcome-based Education in South Africa. Jansen, J. & Christie, P. (end). Cape Town: Maskew Miller Longman, 77-113</p><p></p><p>Mandi, H. & Kopp, B. (2005). Situated learning: Theories and models Context based learning of science. Chapter: 1, Publisher: Munster: Waxmann, Editors: P. Nentwig, D. Waddington, pp.15-34</p><p></p><p>Mansor, W. & Hashim, H. (2008). Preliminery result ob the implimentation of Outcome Based Education on the non-examinable Computer Engineering Modules. 38th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers In Education Conference. S4B-21-S4B-25.</p><p></p><p>Mardevan. M. (1991). Kajian keberkesanan kursus dalam perkhidmatan untuk guru-guru mata pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Marzetta K., Talbot R. M., Hartley L. M. & Wee B. S.(2015). Transforming undergraduate science education with learning assistants: Student satisfaction in large-enrollment courses. Journal of College Science Teaching. 44(5):24-30.</p><p></p><p>Mason, G., Williams, G., Cranmer, S. & Guile, D. (2003). How much does higher education enhance the employability of graduates? (Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)). Available online at: http://www.hefce.ac.uk/pubs/rdreports/2003/rd13_03/default.asp</p><p></p><p>Masturah, (2016). Panduan Siswazah, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina. Sesi Akademik 2016-2017. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Sangi. http://www.ukm.my/jurutera</p><p></p><p>Mayer, E. (1992). Putting general education to work: The key competencies report, report of the committee to advise the Australian Education Council and ministers of vocational education and training on employment-related key competencies for postcompulsory education and training, AGPS, Canberra.</p><p></p><p>Mazalah, A., Jamaludin, B., Ahmad, Z.M., Aidah, A.K., Fariza, K., Mohd Yusof, D., Rosseni, D. & Diana, F.Z. (2016). The application of21st century ict literacy model among teacher trainees. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology. Vol 15(3) 151-161.</p><p></p><p>Mazudi, R. (2007). Kajian Lepasan Politeknik. http://my.linkedin.com/pub/mazudi-ramthan/25/7b/170November.</p><p></p><p>McBrien, J. L., dan Brandt, R. S. (1997). The language of learning: A guide to education terms. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.</p><p></p><p>Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78,538-55 L</p><p></p><p>Meyer, John & Allen, Natalie. (1991). A Three-Component Model Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review. 1. 61-89. 10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z.</p><p></p><p>Meor Ibrahim K. (2001). Pengajaran sains dan matematik. Fakulti Pendidikan: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mertler, C. A., & Charles, C. M. (2005). Introduction to educational research (5th ed.).Boston: Allyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Mdikane, K. (2004). A critical evaluation of outcomes based education from a developmental perspective in South Africa with particular reference to the Eastern Cape. Department of Social Development, Rhodies University.</p><p></p><p>Miller, A. (1998). Strategic management. Edisi ke-3. New York: McGraw Hill.</p><p></p><p>Miller, J. & Seller, W. (1990). Curriculum: Perspectives and practice. Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman.</p><p></p><p>Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2006). Malaysia Education Master Plan 2006-2010.Putrajaya. KPM.</p><p></p><p>Ministry of Education Malaysia. (2012). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025.Putrajaya: Ministry of Education Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohamad Sattar, R. (2010). Kajian Tahap Kemahiran Kebolehdapatan Kerja Lulusan Progran Diploma Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Institus Pengajian Tinggi Di Malaysia. Thesis Doktor Falsafah. Tidak diterbitkan: Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohamad Sattar, Amnah Rose, Azlin Norhaini, Puvanasvaran A.P. (2012). Employability Skills Assessment Tool Development. International Education Studies 5(5), 43-56. doi:10.5539/ies.v5n5p43</p><p></p><p>Mohamad Sattar, Md Yusof, Napsiah, Rashid M, Rose Amnah (2009). Peranan Institusi Pendidikan Teknikal dalam Pemupukan Kemahiran "Employability' Pelajar. Jurnal Teknologi 50(50 (E)), 113- 127.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Amin, N. F. & Saud, M. S. (2008). Pelaksanaan Kursus Reka Cipta: Pengalaman Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Di Utm. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Adzmi M. (2002). Pemahaman konsep dan tahap penguasaan kemahiran proses sains di kalangan pelajar tahun lima dan enam. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Affandi H., Amiruddin M.H., Che Hassan, Y., Zainudin F.L. (2015). Knowledge, attitude and awareness towards research practice among malaysian premier polytechnics academics. Journal of Technical Education and Training 7(2), 1-11.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Anuar, A., & Norshahril, A. (20 I 1 ). Kesan Persekiratan Terhadap Pembangunan Emosi Pelajar Di Fakulti Pendidikan, UTM. Journal of Education Psychology & Counseling, 141-16 I.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Azraai K. (2017). UTMSPACE-Phases of Implementation, Strategies and Challenges. Keynote Continuing Education Business Entrepreneur Convention 2017. UTM Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Hasril, A., Noorazman, A. S. & Norasmah, 0. (2015). An Investigation Effects Of Mastery Learning Strategy on Entrepreneurship Knowledge Acquisition among Aboriginal Students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 204, 183-90.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Hasril, A., Norasmah, 0., Ramlee, M. (2009). Potensi Masyarakat Orang Asli Dalam Bidang Keusahawanan. Seminar Kebangsaan Pembangunan Keusahawanan 2009. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia & Institut Keusahawanan Negara (INSKEN).</p><p></p><p>Mohd Nordin, A.B. (2011). Penilaian Program Mata Pelajaran Vokasional (MPV) Bagi Bidang Pertanian di Sekolah Menengah Harian di Semenanjung Malaysia. Tesis. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Hasril Amiruddin, Norasmah Othman (2010). Meninjau Keperluan Pendidikan Keusahawanan Berdasarkan Kepada Perspektif Belia Orang Asli di Selatan Malaysia. Seminar 2nd World Congress On Teacher Education For TVET 2010.</p><p></p><p>Mohd. Ismail Ni. (2002). Pemahaman konsep cahaya di kalangan pelajar Tahun Lima sekolah rendah. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Jailani, M. N. (2005). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Hasil : Prinsip dan Cabaran. Seminar Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Berkesan (pp. 54-62). Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Jailani, M.N. & Azami Z. (2007). Perbandingan Pendekatan Pendidikan Sepadu Dalam Pembelajaran Berasaskan Hasil (OBE) Dengan Model Pendidikan Islam. Seminar Pendidikan Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina. UKM. Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>M. M. Noor, Kadirgama, K., Rahman, M. M., Rejab M. R. M., Bakar R. A., Abdullah & Ibrahim (2000). "Education Reform Model at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering". Universiti Malaysia Pahang. Pahang: Kuantan.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Majid Konting (2005). Kaedah Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Nor, M.J., Hamzah, N. Basri, H., & Wan Badaruzzaman, W.H., (2005). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Hasil: Prinsip Dan Cabaran. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Seminar Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Berkesan</p><p></p><p>Mohd Nor, M.J., & Zaharim, A. (2007). Perbandingan Pendekatan Pendidikan Sepadu Dalam Pembelajaran Berasaskan Hasil (OBE) Dengan Model Pendidikan Islam. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Seminar Pendidikan Kejuruteraan Dan Alam Bina</p><p></p><p>Mohd Sahandri Gani Hamzah (2014). Guru nilai prestasi pelajar. Retrieved from http://www.hmetro.com.my/articles/2014041401411220140414014112.</p><p></p><p>Mohamad Najib A. G. (1999). Penyelidikan Pendidikan. Skudai: Penerbitan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Mohammad Satar, R. (2010). Kajian Tahap Kemahiran Kebolehpasaran Kerja Lulusan Program Diploma Kejuruteraan Mekanikal Institut Pengajian Tinggi Di Malaysia. Tesis PhD. Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohammed Sani I. (1992). Satu penilaian terhadap pendidikan guru dalam perkhidmatan di Malaysia dan implikasinya untuk masa depan. Tesis Dr. Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohammed Sani I. (1998). Perancangan dan strategi latihan guru-guru sekolah bestari. Kertas Kerja Seminar: Isu-Isu Pendidikan Negara. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 26-27 November.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Tafizam, T & Ramlee, M. (2017). Kemudahan Prasarana Dalam Pelaksanaan Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Kejuruteraan, Lukisan Kejuruteraan dan Reka Cipta di Sekolah Menengah Harian Malaysia. Sains Humanika, 9(1-5).</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusof, H., Seri Bunian, M., Asro, A. K., & Ramlee, M. (2010). Kemahiran Insaniah dalam kalangan pelajar kejuruteraan elektrik Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah. Dalam: STSS 2010. Kuantan: University Teknologi MARA.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusof, H. (2014). Penilaian Kemahiran Employability dalam Kalangan Pelajar Kejuruteraan Politeknik di Semenanjung Malaysia. Tanjung Malim: Thesis PhD. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (tidak diterbitkan).</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusof, H., Ramlee, M., Syed A. Malik, S. M., & Seri Bunian, M. (2014). Persepsi Pensyarah Kejuruteraan Terhadap Tahap Kemahiran Empolyability Pelajar Kejuruteraan Institusi Teknikal: Satu Kajian Kes. First Technical and Vocational Education International Seminar 2014 (TVEIS 2014) (pp. 157-169). Skudai: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Yusof, H. (2014). Penilaian Kemahiran Emplyability Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Kejuruteraan Politeknik di Semenanjung Malaysia. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. UPSI.</p><p></p><p>Mohd Zuri, G., Nik Rusila, N.Y., Aznan, C.A., Rahimi, C.A & Zainuddin M.I., (2010). Perbezaan Personaliti Kestabilan Emosi Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Pintar Cerdas Akademik (PCA) Berdasarkan Jantina Dan Jenis Sekolah. Asia Pacific Journal of Ecucator and Education, Vol. 25, 153-167, 2010.</p><p></p><p>Monahan, T.C. (1996). Do contemporary incentives and rewards perpetuate outdated forms ofprofesional development? Journal of staff development 17 (1): 44-47.</p><p></p><p>Mok. S. S., (1993). Pedagogi 2: Strategi pengajaran pembelajaran mikro. Kuala Lumpur: Kumpulan Budiman.</p><p></p><p>Monk, D. H. (1994). Subject matter preparation of secondary mathematics and science teachers and student achievement. Economics of education review 13(2): 125-145.</p><p></p><p>Moon, M.J. (2000). Organizational Commitment Revisited in New Public Management: Motivation, Organizational Culture, Sector and Managerial Grid. Public Performance and Management Review, 24(2): 174-194.</p><p></p><p>Moore, M. G. (1989). Editorial: Three types of interaction. The American Journal of Distance Education, 3(2), 1-6.</p><p></p><p>Mouly, G.J. (1978). Mouly GJ 1978. Educational Research: The Arts and Science of Investigation. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Inc.</p><p></p><p>Morono, R. (1973). Continuing education in industry. Personnel journal 52 (2): l 00-112.</p><p></p><p>Mua'azam, M. (2016). Pengaruh kepimpinan strategik dan kesediaan perubahan organisasi terhadap amalan penambahbaikan kualiti berterusan di sekolah agama(Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Utara Malaysia).</p><p></p><p>Mukherjee, S. (2012). Does coaching transform coaches? A case study of internal coaching. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, l 0(2), 76-87</p><p></p><p>Murphy, D.F. (1985). Evaluation in language teaching: Assessment, accountability and awareness. England: Pargamon Press Ltd and Lanchester University.</p><p></p><p>Musa Mohamed. (2002). Teks ucapan perasmian persidangan pengurusan pendidikan pengetua-pengetua sekolah menengah Malaysia Kuala Terengganu.</p><p></p><p>Namara, C.M. (1998). Program evaluation: Some myth about program evaluation. University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minneasota. http://www.mapnp.org/library/evaluatn/ fnl.eval.htm [9 Disember 2002].</p><p></p><p>Neo, K.S. (1999). Pemahaman istilah matematik umum di peringkat menengah atas.Disertasi Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Neo, B. & Leh Y. L. (2017). Gaya Kepimpinan Karismatik Dan Kedejahteraan Kerja Di Politeknik Malysia. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan. Vol 4, issue 4.</p><p></p><p>Newman, W.L. (2002). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches.Edisi ke-4. New York: Alyn and Bacon</p><p></p><p>Nik Aida Suria., (2016). Hubungan Sokongan Guru Besar, Efikasi Kendiri, Efikasi Kolektif Dengan Komitmen Kerja Guru Pendidikan Khas. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Nikou, S. A., & Economides, A. A. (2016). The Impact of Paper-Based, Computer-Based and Mobile-Based Self-Assessment on Students' Science Motivation and Achievement. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 1241-1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.025</p><p></p><p>Nooreen, M.E. (2007). Tahap Kesediaan Kemahiran Generik Pelajar Tahun Akhir Yang Mengambil Matapelajaran Fizik di Fakulti Pendidikan UTM. (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Noorhidayah Abdul Kassim (2005). "Amalan Penggunaan Pendekatan Pengajaran Oleh Pensyarah Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam Di Politeknik". KUiTTHO: Tesis sarjana Pendidikan</p><p></p><p>Noor Shakirah, 0. (2012). Kemahiran Generik Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Kejuruteraan Elektrik dan Elektronik Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor. (Tesis Sarjana). Universiti Tun Huseein Onn Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Noraini, M.N. & Hung, H.Y. (2010). Penguasaan Kemahiran Generik Pelajar 4SPH (Perdana) Untuk Persediaan Menceburi Bidang Perguruan dalam Mata Pelajaran Kemahiran Hidup, Johor. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Noraini, H. (2005). Kesan Pendekatan OBE Dalam Pengajaran Kursus Pengurusan Kejuruteraan Awam. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Selangor: Bangi</p><p></p><p>Nooraza, 0. & Aminah B. B. (2012). Keberkesanan enggunaan .ladual Spesifikasi Pentaksiran (JSP) Di DalamKurikulum Politeknik Malaysia: Kajian Kes Di Jabatan Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (JTMK) dan Jabatan Matematik Sains Dan Komputer (JMSK). Prosiding Seminar Transformasi Pendidikan teknikal.</p><p></p><p>Norazlina, A. K. (2002). Pemahaman konsep genetik di kalangan pelajar tingkatan empat aliran sastera. Latihan Ilmiah Pendidikan. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Nordin Abu Bakar, (2011 ). Penilaian pelaksanaan program mata pelajaran MPV (Pertanian). Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Nordvall, R.c. & Braxton, J.M. (1996). An alternative definition of quality of undergraduate collage education: Toward usable knowledge for improvement. Journal of Higher Education, 67(5), 483-497.</p><p></p><p>Norhayati, Z., Mohd Zulfazli, R.K & Mohd Aswad, 0. (2013). Tahap lmplementasi Outcome Based Education Dalam Proses Pembelajaran dan Pengajaran di kalangan Pensyarah Politeknik. 2nd International Seminar on Quality and Affordable Education (ISQAE 2013). Politeknik Banting, Selangor.</p><p></p><p>Noriah, I., Siti, R.A., Rossenni, D. & Aidah, A.K. (2002). Expanding Traditional Classroom Through Computer Technology: A Collaborative Learning Process. pg 17-28</p><p></p><p>Norlia, M. N. (2006). Pengaruh input-persekitaran terhadap basil pembelajaran: Perspektif pelajar sarjana muda pengurusan perniagaan di IPTA. Bangi: Tesis PhD. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Northern Territory Department of Education. (1999). Redesign of Curriculum Functions and Review of Assessment and Certification. Darwin: NT: Northern Territory Department of Education.</p><p></p><p>Nuru!Haerani, M. & Ahmad, E. (2013). Pembangunan Modal Insan Holistik Pelajar Menerusi Aktiviti Kokurikulum Politeknik. Seminar Penyelidikan Pendidikan Kebangsaan.</p><p></p><p>Oakland, J.S. (1996). Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Olsen, K.E. (1997). OBE: An Experiment in Social Engineering. Kranskop.</p><p></p><p>O'Neil, J. (1994). Aiming For New Outcomes: The Promise And The Reality. Educational Leadership, 51, 6, 6-10.</p><p></p><p>Ohta, A. S., & Nakaone, T. (2004). When students ask questions: Teacher and peer answers in the foreign language classroom. IRAL, 42(3), 217-237.</p><p></p><p>Ornestein, A. & Hunkins, F. (2009). Curriculum Design: In Curriculum: Foundations, Principles and Issues (5th ed.). Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. Boston, MA.</p><p></p><p>Othman, Rusmawati, Mohd Salleh, Mohd Fadzil & Awang, M.l. (2017). Pentaksiran Dalam Kelas Melalui Pendekatan Outcome Based Education (OBE): Satu analisis terhadap pengetahuan dan amalan pensyarah. Proceedings of the ICECRS, 1 (1).pp. 59-68. ISSN 2548-6160</p><p></p><p>Owens, R.G. (1995). Organizational behavior in education. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.</p><p></p><p>Owens, R. G. (2002). Organizational behavior in education. Instructional leadership and school reform. Ed. ke-7. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Pajares, F., & Miller, M. D. (1994). Role Of Self-Efficacy And Self-Concept Beliefs In Mathematical Problem Solving: A path analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 86, 193- 203.</p><p></p><p>Pallant, J. (2001). SPSS Survival Manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 10). Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open University Press.</p><p></p><p>Pallant. J. (2007). SPSS Survival Manual, 3rd Edition, Crows West, New South Wales.</p><p></p><p>Paris, S.G. & Winograd, P. (1995). Contextual teaching: Principles and practices for teacher preparation. Paper for the U.S. Department of Education Project.</p><p></p><p>Paris, S. G. (2004). Principles of self-regulated learning for teachers.</p><p></p><p>Parlett, M. & Hamilton, D. (1972). Evaluation as illumination: A new approach to the study of innovatory programs. Centre of Research in the Educational Science, University of Edinburg Occational.</p><p></p><p>Parnell, J.A. (1997). New evidence in the generic strategy and business performance debate: a research note. British Journal of Management, Vol. 8, pp. 175-81.</p><p></p><p>Patton, M.Q. (1987). How to use qualitative method in Evaluation. Newbury Park: CA Sage.</p><p></p><p>Patton, M. Q. (1996). Spring-Summer). A world larger than formative andsummative.Evaluation Practice, 17(2), 331-345.</p><p></p><p>Patton. M. Q. (1997). Utilization-focused evaluation: The new century text (3rded.).Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Patton, M. Q. (2008). Utilization-focused evaluation: The new century text. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.</p><p></p><p>Pelan Tindakan Pengajian Tinggi Negara Fasa 1 (2007-2010). Mencetus Transformasi Pengajian Tinggi. Dicapai pada 10 Mac 2013 dari http://www.mohe.gov.my</p><p></p><p>Pelan Strategik Pengajian Tinggi Negara (PSPTN) 2011 - 2015. (2010). Pelan Tindakan Pengajian Tinggi Negara Fasa 2. Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Perkes, V.A. (1968). Junior high school science teacher preparation, teaching behavior, and student achievement. Journal of research in science teaching 6(4): 121-126.</p><p></p><p>Perkins, K. & Angel is, P.J. (1985). Some consideration for ESL program evaluation. RECLjournal 16(2): 72-92.</p><p></p><p>Petar B., (2005). Quality of higher education and adjustment to employment requirements.International Center for Education of Journalists.</p><p></p><p>Phillips, J. (1991). Handbook of training evaluation and measurement methods. Second Edition. Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Phillips, J. (1997). A rational approach to evaluating training programs including calculating ROI. Journal of Lending and Credit Risk Management, 79(11): 43-50.</p><p></p><p>Piaget, J. & lnhelder, B. (1966). The Psychology of the Child. Translated by Weaver, H.1969. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.</p><p></p><p>Piaget, J., Inhelder, B. & Sinclair, H. (1968). Memoire et Intelligence. Pris: Presses Universitaires de France. Excerpts translated in Furth, H.G. (ed), 1969, Piaget and Knowledge, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Piaget, J. (1970). Equilibration of cognitive structure. New York: Viking Press.</p><p></p><p>Piaget, J. (1970). Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Jean Piaget Dalam Nurul Huda Arif dan Noor Aziela Elias. (2010). Ciri-ciri Kognitif Kanak-kanak Pintar Cerdas, Berbakat dan Kreatif. Universiti Pendidikan Siltan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Pintrich, P.R., Smith, D. A. F., Garcia, T., & McKeachie, W. J. (1991). A manual for the use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Michigan: University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/ PDFS/ED338122.pdf.</p><p></p><p>Pintrich, P. R. (1991). A manual for the use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ).</p><p></p><p>Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (1996). Motivation in education: Theory, research and programs. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 18(1), 23-27.</p><p></p><p>Pratt, D. (1994). Curriculum planning: A handbook for professionals. Wadsworth Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Prosci's, (2015). Prosci's change management methodology: Available in www.Prosci.com/study (Accessed from Aalto University Oct 22nd 2015).</p><p></p><p>Provus, M.M. (1971). Discrepancy evaluation for educational program improvement and assessment. Berkeley, California: Mc Cutchan Publishing.</p><p></p><p>Provus, M. (1973). Evaluation of Ongoing Programs in the Public School System. In B. R. Worthen and J. R. Sanders (eds.), Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice. Worthington, Ohio</p><p></p><p>Purnawarman, P., Susilawati, S., & Sundayana, W. (2016). The use ofEdmodo in teaching writing in a blended learning setting. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(2), 242-252.</p><p></p><p>Rahmah, I., Abd. Hair, A. & Sharifah, F.S.O. (2011). Perbandingan Persepsi Majikan Syarikat Multinasional Dengan Syarikat Swasta Terhadap Graduan di Malaysia Persidangan Kebangsaan Ekonomi Malaysia ke VI (PERKEM VI), Ekonomi Berpendapatan Tinggi: Transformasi ke Arah Peningkatan Inovasi, Produktiviti dan Kualiti Hidup, Melaka Bandaraya Bersejarah, 5 - 7 Jun 2011</p><p></p><p>Rajkumar R., & Vaithilingam C.A., (2011). "A Dynamic Approach to Outcomes Based Education in Engineer-ing Curriculum". Proceedings of the IETEC' 11 Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ramlee, M. (1999). The role of vocational and technical education in the industrialization of Malaysia as perceived by educators and employers. Tesis Dr. Falsafah. Universiti Purdue. Indiana.</p><p></p><p>Ramlee, M. & Norani, M. S. (2007). Self-fulfilling prophecy and digital divide revisited: vocational and IT competencies of special needs population in Malaysia. Jurnal Kerja Sosial 6(1), 33-65.</p><p></p><p>Ramlee, M. & Norhasni, Z.A. (2008). Undergraduate Students Perception on K-Economy and Globalization in Malaysia. A case study in a Malaysia public university. The Journal oflnternational Social Research, 500-522.</p><p></p><p>M., Ruhizan, M.Y. & Hamdan, M.A. (2003). Integrasi akademik dan vokasional: Rasional dan cabaran. Jurnal Pendidikan 28(1): 77-90.</p><p></p><p>Ramlee ,M., Faridah, K., Ruhizan, M.Y., Norzaini, A., Hamidah, Y., Abdul Wahab M. & Sobri T. (2008). K-Economy and Globalization: Are Our Students Ready? Journal Personalia Pelajar, I 1, 1-23.</p><p></p><p>Rasidah, R. (2007). Hubungan Gaya Pembelajaran Dengan Motivasi. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Rasul, M.S, Rauf R.A.A, Mansor, A.N., Yasin R.M., Mahamod, Z. (2013). Graduate Employability for Manufacturing Industry. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 102(lfee 2012), 242-250. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.739</p><p></p><p>Razali, A. (1991). Pengantar Kurikulum. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Rhee, C. R., & Pintrich, P. R. (2004). Teaching to facilitate self-regulated learning.Thinking about thinking. What educators need to know, 31-47.</p><p></p><p>Richey, R.C., & Klein, J.D.(2014). Design and development research: Methods, Strategies, and issues. London: Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Robiah, B. S. (1998). Pemikiran Dalam Pendidikan. Selangor: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Rohaya I. (1995). Tinjauan terhadap tingkahlaku kepimpinan dalam aspek perancangan, penilaian dan budaya organisasi di kalangan pengetua dan guru besar daerah Kuala Kangsar. Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan. Universiti Utara Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Robbins, S.P. (1993). Organizational behavior: Concept, controversion and application.New Jersey:Prantice Hall Englewood Cliffs.</p><p></p><p>Rodriguez-Sabater, S. (2005). Utilizing undergraduate peer teaching assistants in a speaking program in Spanish as a foreign language. Foreign Language Annals, 38(4), 533-538.</p><p></p><p>Rohana, H. (2010). Mengenali Manusia : Asas Pembangunan Pendidikan Berkualiti. Johor: Penerbit UTM Press.</p><p></p><p>Rohaila, Y., Norasmah, 0. & Faridah, K. (2005). Strategi pembelajaran pengalaman berasaskan Model Kolb dalam Pendidikan Perakaunan. Jurnal Pendidikan, (31): 113-128.</p><p></p><p>Rosmiszoski (1998). The selection and use of instruction media. London: Kogan Page.</p><p></p><p>Rosadah, A.M., Noriah, M.I., & Zalizan, M.J., (2005) Profil pemprosesan kognitif pelajar pintar cerdas akademik di sekolah menengah. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 30. pp. 35-49. ISSN 0126-6020 I 2180-0782.</p><p></p><p>Royse, D., Thyer, B.A., Padgett, D.K., & Logan, T.K. (2006). Program evaluation: An introduction (4th eds.). Belmont, CA: Brooks-Cole.</p><p></p><p>Rossi, P.H., Freeman, H. E. & Hofmann, G. (1988), Programme Evaluation. Einfl.ihrung in die Methoden angewandter Sozialforschung, Stuttgart: Enke.</p><p></p><p>Rudzi M. (2003). Penilaian Program Diploma Kesetiausahaan Eksekutif di Universiti Teknologi MARA. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Ruhizan, M. Y., Saemah, R., Ramlee, M. & Kamaruddin, T. (2011). Development of Generic Employability Skills Through Peer Interaction and Contextual Teaching and Learning in Community Colleges. World Applied Sciences Journal 15, 01-07.</p><p></p><p>Ruhizan M. Yasin, Ramlee Mustapha, Asnul Dahar Minghat, Kamaruzaman Jusoff, Azaman Ishar & Shafie Shamsudin. (2012). Pelaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Mata Pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan di Sekolah Menengah. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 27, 23-26</p><p></p><p>Rusmawati, 0., Salleh, M., Fadzil, M., & Awang, M. 1. (2017). Pentaksiran dalam kelas melalui pendekatan Outcome Based Education (OBE): Satu analisis terhadap pengetahuan clan amalan pensyarah. Proceedings of the ICECRS, 1(1), 59-68.</p><p></p><p>Sabitha, M. (2006). Kaedah Penyelidikan Sains Sosial. Petaling Jaya. Selangor: Prentice Hall.</p><p></p><p>Saedah, S. & Mohammed S.I. (2012). Standard Kompetensi Guru Malaysia. Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan Majlis Dekan Pendidikan Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA) 2012.07-09 Oktober 2012. The Zon Regency by the Sea Johor Bahru.1-44.</p><p></p><p>SAGE: Qualitative Inquiry, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 1386-1400</p><p></p><p>Sabin, A., J. Song, G. Topa, and G.L. Violante (2012). "Mismatch Unemployment," NBER Working Paper 18265.</p><p></p><p>Said, H. (2015). Tahap Kesediaan Pensyarah Terhadap Perlaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran secara Blended Learning di Politeknik Merlimau Melaka. Politeknik Merlimau Melaka.</p><p></p><p>Salimah M. A. (2002). Kajian Kes Persepsi Pelajar Terhadap Pengajaran Pensyarah di Jabatan Ilmu Pendidikan Maktab Perguruan Teknik, Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Samsudin, Muhamad Zaki, Razali, Azman & Shamsuddin, Mohd. (2013). Amalan Kreativiti Guru Dalam Pengajaran Pendidikan Asas Vokasional (PAV). 10.13140/2.1.4265.2161.</p><p></p><p>Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) (1991). Skills and Task for Jobs. A SCANS Report for America 2000. Washington, D.C. U.S. Department of Labour.</p><p></p><p>Schafer, W. D. (1993). Assessment literacy for teachers. Theory into Practice, 32(2) 118- 126.</p><p></p><p>Scheerens, J., Luyten, H., Steen, R., & Luyten-de Thouars, Y. (2007). Review and meta analyses of school and teaching effectiveness. Enschede: Department of Educational Organisation and Management, University ofTwente.</p><p></p><p>Scheerens, J. & Glas, C. (2003). Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) in Education: Concepts, Functions and Context, in Educational Evaluation, Assessment and Monitoring, vol. 1, pp. 3-16.</p><p></p><p>Schellens, Tammy & Valcke, Martin. (2006). Fostering knowledge construction m university students through asynchronous discussion groups. Computers & Education. 46. 349-370. 10.1016/j.compedu.2004.07.010.</p><p></p><p>Schiltz, T.W. (1961).lnvestment in Human Capital. (pp. 1-16). American Economic Review.</p><p></p><p>Scholl, J. (1998). Influences on program planning. Journal of extension 27 (4).</p><p></p><p>Schroder, H.M. (1989). Managerial Competencies: The Key to Excellence, Dubuque: Kendall Hunt.</p><p></p><p>Schultz, T.W. (1993). The Economic Importance of Human Capital in Modernization, Education Economics, London: Routledge.</p><p></p><p>Schumacher, S. & McMillan, J.H. (1993). Research in Education: A Conceptual Introduction. 3rd edition. USA. Harper Collins College Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Schwartz, G. & Cavenor, L. (1994). Outcomes-Based Education Curriculum Change: Advocacy, Practice and Critique. Journal of Curriculum. 9 (4), 326-338.</p><p></p><p>Schmidt, P. S. (2003). Managing a Major Curriculum Reform Effort in a Large Research University. Proceedings of the International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASME Paper IMECE2003-43515, November 15-21., (pp. 15-21 ).</p><p></p><p>Schmidt, P. S. & Beaman J. (2003). Managing a Major Curriculum Reform Effort in a Large Research University, Proceedings of the International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASME Paper IMECE2003-43515, November 15-21.</p><p></p><p>Schooley, B. L., Feldman, S.S., & Alnosayan, N. S. (2011). Development of a disability employment information system: an information systems design theory approach. In 2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 1-10). IEEE.</p><p></p><p>Scriven, M. (1967). The methodology of evaluation: In perspectives of curriculum evaluation. Chicago: Rand McNally.</p><p></p><p>Scriven, M. (1974). Methodology of evaluation. Dim. Worthen B.R. and Sanders J.R.,Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice (p.60-106). Ohio: Jones.</p><p></p><p>Scriven, M. (2007). The Logic of Evaluation. OSSA Conference Archive. 138. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/ossaarchive/OSSA7/papersandcommentaries/138</p><p></p><p>Seri Bunian, M. (2012). Faktor persekitaran pembelajaran, pendekatan pembelajaran dan kemahiran generik dalam kalangan pelajar politeknik. Thesis PhD: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Sedunary, E. (1996). Neither new nor alien to progressive thinking: Interpreting the convergence of radical education and the new vocationalism in Australia. Journal of Curriculum Studies. 28 (4), 369-396.</p><p></p><p>Sekaran, U. (2006). Research Methods for Business-A skill building approach. United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</p><p></p><p>Selwyn, N. & Robson, K. (1998). Using Email as a Research Tool. Social Research Update. Guilford: Department of Sociology, University of Surrey.</p><p></p><p>Seri Bunian M., Saemah R. & Ram lee M. (2011 ). Measument Item of Student's Generic Skills using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. 4th International Conference on Measurement and Evalution in Education. Universiti Sains Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Shaari, Abdull Sukor (2001) Tingkah laku pengajaran dan kualiti peribadi pensyarah Universiti. ln: Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan UUM 2000. Pusat Penyelidikan dan Perundingan, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, pp. 438-453. ISBN 9832479010</p><p></p><p>Shafie, S. H. (2002). Program Pendidikan Kahas di Sarawak: Satu Penilaian. Selangor: Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Shahrir A., Riza Atiq A., Rahmat, Azami Z., Norhamidi M., Baba M. D., Noorhisham T. K., Mardina A., Mazlan T., Andanastuti M. & Che Husna A. (2008). Implementing continual review of programme educational objectives and outcomes for OBE curriculum based on stakeholder's input. Proceeding of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Education & Educational Technology (RDU'08). Italy, 21 -23 November 2008, 218-223.</p><p></p><p>Shaari, A. S. (2001). Tingkah laku pengajaran dan kualiti peribadi pensyarah Universiti. In: Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan UUM 2000. Pusat Penyelidikan dan Perundingan, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, pp. 438-453. ISBN 9832479010</p><p></p><p>Shaari, A. S. (2011). Pedagogi dari sekolah ke institut pendidikan tinggi. Penerbit Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok. ISBN 9789675311727</p><p></p><p>Shaheda, M.K. & Zaiham, H. (2012). Amalan Kemahiran Generik Bagi Kursus ET201 dalam Kalangan Pelajar Diploma Kejuruteraan Wlektronik Komputer di Jabatan Kejuruteraan Elektrik Politeknik Merlimau. Politeknik Merlimau.</p><p></p><p>Shamir, B., House, R. J., & Arthur, M. B. (1993). The motivational effects of charismatic leadership: A self-concept based theory. Organization Science, 4, 577-593</p><p></p><p>Shanmugam, K., & Balakrishnan, B. (2018). Kerangka Panduan Efektif Pengajaran Dan Pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Sains Menggunakan Information Communication Technology (JCT) di Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil (SJK)(TAML). Sains Humanika, 10(1 ).</p><p></p><p>Sharifah Alwiyah A. (1984). Falsafah pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur: Art Printing Works Sdn Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Sharifah Hapsah S. H. S. (2005). Bahan-Bahan Pembentangan MQF. Bahagian Jaminan Kualiti, Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Shea, C. M., & Howell, J. M. (1999). Charismatic leadership and task feedback: A laboratory study of their effects on self-efficacy and task performance. Leadership Quarterly, 10: 375-396.</p><p></p><p>Shipley, D. (1995). Transforming Community Colleges Using A Learning outcomes Approach. [Electronic Database : ERIC#388346]. Dicapai pada 14 februari 2009, dari ms.6 di www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/envrnmnt/.../go4outcm.htm</p><p></p><p>Sidin, R. (2002). Pembudayaan sains dan teknologi: satu cadangan piawai. Jurnal Pendidikan, 28(2), 47-63.</p><p></p><p>Sihes, A. J. (2011). Konsep Pembelajaran. Universiti Putra Malaysia: Penerbit UPM.</p><p></p><p>Silberman, M. (2009). Active learning: IO1 strategi pembelajaran aktif. Yogyakarta:Pustaka Insan Madani.</p><p></p><p>Sims. R.R. & Sims. S.J. (1995). The importance of learning styles: Understanding the implications for learning, course design and education. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.</p><p></p><p>Simon P. Albon, Isabeau Iqbal, and Marion L. (2016). Strategic Planning in an Educational Development Centre: Motivation, Management, and Messiness. CELT Vol IX. Pearson University of British Columbia</p><p></p><p>Simon, B. and Taylor, J. (2009). What is the value of course-specific learning goals?Journal of College Science Teaching. Nov/Dec: 53-57</p><p></p><p>Simpson, J. S. (1966). The classification of educational objectives, psychomotor domain.Office of Education Project No. 5-85-104. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois.</p><p></p><p>Siti Atiqah, S. (2008). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keberkesanan Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Di Dalam Bengkel Vokasional Di Dua Buah Sekolah Mengengah Teknik Di Negeri Sembilan. Laporan Projek Fakulti Pendidikan, UTM</p><p></p><p>Siti Rahayah, A., Rodiah, I., Noriah, M. I Abdul Ghafur, A., Rodiah, I. & Nur' Ashiqin, N. (2008a). Communication, leadership, and teamwork skills as core competencies among higher education students. Proceeding ASAIHL International Conference. 7-10 April, Bangkok, 149-158.</p><p></p><p>Siti Rahayah, A., Rodiah, I. & Noriah, M. I. (2008b). Profil kemahiran generik pelajar pelajar institut pengajian tinggi: Kajian kes di Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Seminar Kebangsaan Jawatankuasa Penyelaras Pendidikan Guru.</p><p></p><p>Skaalvik, Einar & Skaalvik, Sidsel. (2010). Teacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(4), 1059-1069. Teaching and Teacher Education. 26. 1059-1069. 10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001.</p><p></p><p>Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: An experimental analysis. New York: Appleton-Century.</p><p></p><p>Skinner, C. J. & Elliot, M. J. (2002). A measure of disclosure risk for microdata. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, 64(4) pp 855-867.</p><p></p><p>Skinner, C. J. & Holmes, D. J. (1998). Estimating the Re-identification Risk per Record in Microdata. Journal of Official Statistics 14 (4), 361-372.</p><p></p><p>Skipper, C.E. & Quantz, R. (1987). Changes in educational attitudes of education and arts and science students during four years of college. Journal of teacher education 38: 39-44.</p><p></p><p>Slavin, R. (1994). A theory of school and classroom organization. Dim R. Slavin, (Ed.), School and Class-rooom Organization. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaun</p><p></p><p>Slavin, R.E. (2000). Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Slavin, R. E. (2011). Instruction based on cooperative learning. Handbook of research on learning and instruction, 344-360.</p><p></p><p>Smith, G. & Cantley, C. (1991). Pluralistic evaluation: Research highlight in social work.London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</p><p></p><p>Smith, C, & Bath, D. (2006). The role of the learning community in the development of discipline knowledge and generic graduate outcomes. Higher Education, 51 (2): 259-86.</p><p></p><p>Smith, M.C. (2003). Assessing Assessment in Teacher Education. Journal of Teacher Education, Vol. 54, No. 3, May/June 2003</p><p></p><p>Spady, W., & K. Marshall (1991). "Beyond Traditional Outcome-Based Education." Educational Leadership, 67- 77.</p><p></p><p>Spady, W.G. (1993). Outcome-based education. Belconnen. Australian Curriculum Studies Association.</p><p></p><p>Spady, W.G. (1994a). Outcome-Based Education: Critical Issues and Answers. American Association of School Administrators. Virginia.</p><p></p><p>Spady, W.G. (1994). Choosing Outcomes of Significance. Educational Leadership, 51(5), 18-23.</p><p></p><p>Spady, W.G (1994). "Outcome-based education: Critical issues and answers". Arlington, VA: American Association of School Administrators</p><p></p><p>Spady, W.G. (1998a). Paradigm Lost: Reclaiming America's Educational Future.Arlington, VA: American Association of School Administrators.</p><p></p><p>Spady, W. (1998). Outcomes-based education: an international perspective. In Gultig, J.; Lubisisi, C.; Parker, B. & Wedekind, V. (eds), Understanding Outcome-based Education Teaching and Assessment in South Africa. Reader. Johannesburg: Oxford University Press.</p><p></p><p>Stake, R.E. (1967). The countenance of educational evaluation. Teachers college record(68): 523-540.</p><p></p><p>Stake, R.E. (1967). Toward a technology for the evaluation of educational programs.Chicago: Rand MacNally.</p><p></p><p>Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.</p><p></p><p>Stanovich, K. E., & Cunningham, A. E. (1992). Studying the consequences of literacy within a literate society: The cognitive correlates of print exposure. Memory & Cognition, 2Q.</p><p></p><p>Stepp-Greany, J. (2002). Student perceptions on language learning in a technological environment: Implications for the new millennium.</p><p></p><p>Stiggins, J.R. (2005). Evaluating Classroom Assessment Training in Teacher Education Programs. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice. I 8. 23 - 27. 10.1111/j.1745-3992.I 999.tb00004.x.</p><p></p><p>Soulsby, E. (2009). How to write program objectives/outcomes. Accessed online at: http://www.assessment.uconn.edu/, Oct.2, 2012.</p><p></p><p>Stammers, R. & Patrick, J. (1975). The psycology of training. London: Metheu & CO. Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Steiner, G.A., Miner J.B. & Gray E.R. (1986). Management policy and strategy. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.</p><p></p><p>Stem, P. C., Dietz, T., Kalof, L., & Guagnano, G. A. (1995). Values, beliefs and roenvironmental action: Attitude formation toward emergent attitude objects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 1611-1636.</p><p></p><p>Stiggins, R. J. (1999). Evaluating classroom assessment training in teacher education. https://doi.org/10.1 I 1 l/j.1745-3992. I 999.tb00004.x</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L, Foley, W.J., Gephart, W.J., Guba, E.G., Hammond, R.L., Merriman,H.O. & Provus, M.M. (I 97 I). Educational evaluation and decision making. Itasca:F.E. Peacock.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. & Shinkfield, A.J. (1985). Systematic evaluation. Boston: Kluwer Nijhoff.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. (1971). The relevance of the CIPP evaluation model for educational accountability. Journal of Research and Development in Education 5 (I): 19-25.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. (1983). The CfPP model for program evaluation. Boston: Kluwer Nijhoff.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. & Webster, W.J. (1983). An Analysis of Alternative Approaches to Evaluation, in GF Madaus, M Scriven and DL Stufflebeam (eds), Evaluation Models: Viewpoints on Educational and Human Services Evaluation, Kluwer Nijhoff Publishing, Boston, pp. 23.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. (2003). The CIPP model for evaluation. In T. Kelleghan & D.L. Stufflebeam (Eds.). International Handbook of Education Evaluation (pp. 31-62). London: Kluwer Academic Press.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. & Shinkfield, A. J. (2007). Evaluation theory, models, and applications, in Jossey-Bass, California, USA.</p><p></p><p>Stufflebeam, D.L. (2008). Egon Guba's Conceptual Journey to Constructivist Evaluation: A Tribute</p><p></p><p>Sufean H. (1995). National Priorities and Higher Education: The American Model.Bentong: Asas Tunas Publications.</p><p></p><p>Sulaiman, N.R., Suradi, S., Zawawi, Ahmad & Lee V.M. (1994). Mempertingkatkan mutu pendidikan teknik vokasional di Malaysia. Universiti Malaya.</p><p></p><p>Sulaiman N. R. (2002). Analisis data dalam penyelidikan pendidikan. Kuala Lumpur : Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.</p><p></p><p>Suleiman, W. A. (2012). Mengasah Kemahiran Literasi Digital. Sekolah Rendah Beacon</p><p></p><p>Sundaram, N. & Bright, L.K.(2018). Strategic Planning Implications in Higher Education.Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 2018, Vol 8(2): 339. EISSN: 2223-5833</p><p></p><p>Suppiah, N., Kamaruddin, K., Shukor, A. A. A., Jantan, R., Mustapha, R. & Hamzah, H. (2009). Pembelajaran dan Perkembangan Pelajar. Selangor Darul Ehsan. Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.</p><p></p><p>Syahida Nadia Zakaria (2015). Kesan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme dan Pendekatan Tradisional dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Komponen Sastera Bahasa Melayu. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 5 (2): 12-21.</p><p></p><p>Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Tan, 0. S., & Ee, J. (2004). Reflective practice and self-regulation: Walking the talk through problem-based learning in teacher education. Dim. Oon Seng Tan, Agnes Thinking about thinking: What educators need to know. Singapore: McGraw Hill</p><p></p><p>Tankard, J. W., & Ryan, M. (1974). News perceptions of accuracy of science coverage.Journalism Quarterly, 51, 219-225.</p><p></p><p>Taylor, J.B. (1999). A Historical Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules, ed., Monetary Policy Rules, Chicago: U. of Chicago Press.</p><p></p><p>Taylor, S. J. & Bogdan, R. (1984)). Introduction to qualitative research methods: a phenomenological approach to the social sciences. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley.</p><p></p><p>TenBrink, T.D. (1974). Evaluation: A practical guide for teachers. New York: Mc Graw Hill Book Company.</p><p></p><p>Tesluk, Paul & L. Farr, James & R. Klein, Stephanie. (1997). Influences of Organizational Culture and Climate on Individual Creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior.31. 27-41. 10.1002/j.2162-6057.1997.tb00779.x.</p><p></p><p>Thigpen, L. (2007). A Successful Method to Assess Student Learning Outcome Using Multiple Direct and Indirect Assessment, International Conference on Engineering Education & Research, December 3-7 2007, Melbourne, Australia.</p><p></p><p>Thorndike, E. L. (1913). Educational psychology (Vol. 2). Teachers college, Columbia university.</p><p></p><p>Thorndike, E.L., (1932). The Fundamentals of Learning (New York: also by Columbia University Teachers College Institute of Psychological Research</p><p></p><p>Thorndike, R. L. (1971). Educational measurement (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Council on Education.</p><p></p><p>Thorndike, R. L. (1991 ). Edward L. Thorndike: A professional and personal appreciation. In G. A. Kimble, M. Wertheimer, & C. White (Eds.), Portraits of pioneers in psychology (pp. 139-151). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.</p><p></p><p>Thomas, A.M. & Loadman, W.E. (2001). Evaluating Teacher Education Programs Using a National Survey. Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 94, No.4, pp 195-206.</p><p></p><p>Toth, P. (2012). Learning strategies and styles in vocational education. Acta Polytecnica Hungaria, 9(3) 195-216. Retrieved on November 21, 2016 from http://www.uni obudu.hu/journal/Toth_35.pdf</p><p></p><p>Trochim W. (1996). Evaluating websites. Available: http://trochim.human.cornell.Edu/webeval/webintro.htm (accessed 25th March 2012)</p><p></p><p>Tseng, K. H., Diez, C.R., Lou, S. J., Tsai, H. L., & Tsai, T. S. (2010). Using the Context, Input, Process and Product model to assess an engineering curriculum. World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education. Vol, 8.</p><p></p><p>Tubbs, S.L. & Moss, S. 1994. Human communication. Singapore : McGraw-Hill.</p><p></p><p>Tucker, B. (2004). Literature Review: Outcomes-focused Education in Universities.Learning Support Network, Curtin University of Technology. Dicapai padaOctober 19, 2011, dari http://lsn.curtin.edu.au/outcomes/docs/LitReview.pdf</p><p></p><p>Tuckrnan, Bruce Wayne (1985). Evaluating Instructional Programs. 2nd ed. Rockleigh, NJ: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. 292 pages. ED 261 015.</p><p></p><p>Tyler, R.W. 1950. Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</p><p></p><p>Tyler, R. W. (1991). Prinsip asas kurikulum dan pengajaran. Terj. Kamaruddin Husin & Hazil Abdul Hamid. Skudai Johar: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia</p><p></p><p>Ugboro & Obeng, K. (2001). Managing the After Maths of Contracting in Public Transit Organizations: Employee Perception of Job Security, Organizational Commitment and Trust. Projek Universiti, North Carolina A&T State University.</p><p></p><p>UNESCO. (2007). Quality assurance and accreditation: A glossary of basic terms and definitions. Buchares: Washington Accord. (2007). Retrieved form http://www.ieagreements.org/Washington-Accord/signatories.cfm</p><p></p><p>Utman, C. H. (1997). Performance effects of motivational state: A meta-analysis.Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1(2), 170-182.</p><p></p><p>Van Meter, P., & Stevens, R. J. (2000). The role of theory in the study of peer collaboration.The Journal of Experimental Education, 69(1), 113-127.</p><p></p><p>Verma, N. (1994). Organizations and their purposes: A note on churchman's philosophy of management. Journal of Operations Research Society of America and the Institute of Management Sciences (24): 60-66.</p><p></p><p>Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind in Society; The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Edited by M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner and E. Souberman. London: Harvard University Press</p><p></p><p>Vygotsky, L. (2005). Interaction between learning and development. In Richard-Amato, P.A. and Snow, M. A. (Eds.) Academic success for English language learners (pp.103-111). New York: Pearson.</p><p></p><p>Walker, M. (2006). Higher Education Pedagogies. Maidenhead: Open University.</p><p></p><p>Wallace, B. C.; Small, K.; Brodley, C. E.; and Trikalinos, T. A. (2010). Active learning for biomedical citation screening. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery And Data Mining, 173-182. ACM</p><p></p><p>Wallinger, L. M. (2000). Foreign language 101 for school administrators: Effective evaluation of foreign language teachers. NASSP Bulletin, 84(612), 41-52.</p><p></p><p>Warner, I. M. (2004). Climbing Bloom's ladder. Journal of Chemical Education, 81, 1413 Washington Accord, Graduate Attributes and Professional Competencies, June (2009).International Engineering Alliance. http://www.washingtonaccord.org/lloiance.</p><p></p><p>Wasylyshyn, K.M. (2003). Executive coaching an outcome study. Consulting Pschology Journal Practice and Reseach. Vol. 55 No. r, pp. 94-106.</p><p></p><p>Widham, D.M. (1988). Effectiveness Indicators In The Economic Analysis Of Educational Activities. International Journal of Educational Research, No. 6, Vol.12, pp. 575- 666.</p><p></p><p>William, S. (2001). Evidence based policy: Whence it came and where it's going. London: ESRC UK Centre for Evidence Based Policy and Practice.</p><p></p><p>Willis, S. & Kissane, B., (1995). Outcome-based Education - A review of the literature. prepared for the Education Department of Western Australia.</p><p></p><p>Willis, S., & Kissane, B. (1997). Systemic Approaches to Articulating and Monitoring Student Outcomes: Are They Consistent with Outcome-Based Education? Studies in Educational Evaluation, 23(1 ), 5-30.</p><p></p><p>Wilkins, D.A. (1976). Second language learning and teaching. Great Britain: Billing and sons Ltd.</p><p></p><p>Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S. G. (2005). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Boston: Allyn& Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Wiersma (1995). Research Methods in Education: An Introduction. USA: Allyn Bacon. Woolfolk, A. 2001. Educational psychology (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Alyn & Bacon.</p><p></p><p>Whitaker, B., & Levy, P. (2012). Linking feedback quality and goal orientation to feedback seeking and job performance. Human Performance, 25(2), I 59-178.</p><p></p><p>W. Mansor et al., (2008). "Preliminary Results on the Implementation of Outcome-Based Education on the Non-Examinable Computer Engineering Modules". Universiti Teknologi MARA. Selangor: Shah Alam</p><p></p><p>Wolf, D. P. (1989). Portfolio assessment: Sampling student work. Educational Leadership, 46(7), 35-39.</p><p></p><p>Wong Y.M., Rosnidar M. & Syakirah S. (2015). The use of critical reflection manual in writing reflective journal: A case study of Malaysian student teachers' perceptions. GEOGRAFIA-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 12(1), 8-18.</p><p></p><p>Woolfolk, A., & Hoy, W. K. (1990). Prospective teachers' sense of efficacy and beliefs about control. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 81-91.</p><p></p><p>Woolston, D. C.(2008). Outcome-Based Assessment in Engineering Education: A Critique of Its Foundations and Practice. 38th ASEE/IEEE Frontier in Education Conference, October 22-25 2008, Saratoga Springs NY</p><p></p><p>Worrall, L, Cooper, C.L and Campbell-Jamison, F. (2000). The Impact of Organizational Change on the Public Sector Managers. Personnel Reviews, 29 (5): 613-636</p><p></p><p>Worthen B .R. (1981). In: Brandt RS, Modrak N (eds.) 1981 Applied Strategies for Curriculum Evaluation. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Alexandria, Virginia. Journal entries of an eclectic evaluator.</p><p></p><p>Worthen, B. R. & Sanders, J. R. (1973). Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice.Jones, Worthington, Ohio</p><p></p><p>Worthen, B.R., & Sanders, J.R. (1987). Educational evaluation. New York: Longman. Wydeman, J.L. 2002. Theory of Education. IEM Coetzee.</p><p></p><p>Yahya Buntat (2004). lntegrasi Kemahiran "Employability" Dalam Program Pendidikan Vokasional Pertanian dan Industri di Malaysia. Tesis Phd. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Yahya, B., Normala, R. & Abdul Rahman, A. (2016). Emplyability skills constructs as job performance predictors for Malaysian Polytechnic graduates: a qualitative study. Geografia online. Malysian Journal of Society and Space 12 issue 3 (154-167). Themed issue on techonological, vocational and educational empowerment of Malaysia's human resource. ISSN 2180-2491.</p><p></p><p>Yahya M Khata, Sukri M, Syed SMS, Noorfa Haszlinna (2013) Employability Skills Element's: Difference Perspective Between Teaching Staff and Employers ndustrial in Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 93, 1531-1535. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.077</p><p></p><p>Yahya, M., Whang, S.E., Gupta, R., Halevy, A.: Renoun: fact extraction for nominal attributes. In: Proceedings (2014) Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), Doha, Qatar, October 2014</p><p></p><p>Yaman, A. (2011). Kesediaan Pensyarah Dalam Perlaksanaan Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran (Pnp) Menggunakan Pendekatan Outcome Based Education (OBE) Di Politeknik Port Dickson. Politeknik Port Dickson</p><p></p><p>Yasmin, A. M., Daud, M. N., Alias, A., & Razali, M. N. (2017). Importance of soft skills for graduates in the real estate programmes in Malaysia. Journal of Surveying, Construction and Property, 3(2).</p><p></p><p>Yassin, M. (2013). Keseimbangan Modal Insan Perlu Relevan. Utusan Online. Dicapai pada 12Mei 2013 dari http://www. utusan.com.my/utusan/Dalam _Negeri/20130402/dn_02/Keseimbanga n-modalinsan-perlu-relevan#ixzz2h0wRHl6J</p><p></p><p>Yoshida, R. (2008). Learners' perception of corrective feedback in pair work. Foreign Language Annals, 41(3), 525-541.</p><p></p><p>Young, M. R. (2005). The motivational effects of the classroom environment in facilitating self-regulated learning. Journal of Marketing Education, 27(1), 25-40.</p><p></p><p>Yu, L. (2007). The benefits of a coaching culture. MIT Sloan Management Review, 48, 6</p><p></p><p>Yusof, A. M., Ali, M. M. & Salleh, A. M., (2013). Pendidikan vokasional pelajar berkeperluan khas ke arah memenuhi pasaran pekerjaan, Proceeding of the International Conference On Social Science Research 6, 1 I 89-1196.</p><p></p><p>Zaenal A. (2009). Evaluasi Pembelajaran. Bandung: P.T Remaja Rosdakarya. Indonesia.</p><p></p><p>Zainal Abidin, Z. (2014). Garis Panduan Amalan Terbaik Konsep Pembelajaran Teradun agi Politeknik-Politeknik Malaysia. Jabatan Pengajian Politeknik.</p><p></p><p>Zainal Aalam H. (2007). Kajian terhadap sistem penilaian Kursus Diploma Perguruan Malaysia dalam pengajian matematik. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Malaysa.</p><p></p><p>Zaini, A. (2005). Students and employers as customers of multimedia college. In Proceedings ofNational Seminar "The development of Technology And Technical Vocational Education And Training In An Era of Globalization: Trend and Issues". Kuala Lumpur.</p><p></p><p>Zainudin Awang. (2012). Research Methodology and Data Analysis. (S. Dee Sega Enterprise, Subang Jaya, Ed.). Shah Alam: Penerbit Uitm Press.</p><p></p><p>Zakaria, K., & Majid, K. (2007). Pengajaran di Universiti Penyelidikan. Kertas persidangan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran di Peringkat Pengajian Tinggi. CTLHE 2007. Universiti Putra Malaysia.</p><p></p><p>Zalina M. A., Zaino! M. & Norkisme Z. A. (20 I 0). Bab 3: Persepsi Pelajar Institut Pengajian Tinggi terhadap Kualiti Pendidikan Kejuruteraan. Dim. Riza Atiq Abdullah O.K Rahmat, Kamisah Osman & Azami Zaharim. (pnyt.). Penilaian Prestasi Pendidikan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi. him: 61-74. ISBN: 978-967-942- 963-3</p><p></p><p>Zaliza, Mohd Safarin (2014). Unemployment among Malaysia Graduates: Graduates' Attributes, Lecturers' Competency and Quality of Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 112, 1056-1063. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.126</p><p></p><p>Zaliza H., Tze K. T. & Arasinah K. (2016). Jurang integrasi kemahiran employabiliti di Malaysia: Satu kajian empirikal graduan kejuruteraan Kole} Komuniti.Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 12 issue 3 (145 - 153) 145 Themed issue on technological, vocational and educational empowerment of Malaysia's human resource 2016, ISSN 2180-2491</p><p></p><p>Zamani, I. (2016). Penilaian Latihan Kemhiran Vokasional Bagi Orang Asli. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.</p><p></p><p>Zarina M. (2007). Pelaksanaan kaedah Student-centered learning (SCL) dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran kursus Tamadun Islam, Tamadun Asia & kenegaraan Malaysia di Universiti Putra Malaysia. Jurnal Pengajian Umum, 8, 141-154.</p><p></p><p>Zawawi, I. (2008). Penilaian pelaksanaan kurikulum kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab Komunikasi Di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama. Tesis Doktor Falsafah. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi.</p><p></p><p>Zha, S., Kelly, P., Park, M. K., & Fitzgerald, G. (2006). An investigation of communicative competence of ESL students using electronic discussion boards. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 38(3), 349-367.</p><p></p><p>Zikmund, W. G. (2000). Business Research Methods (6th edition). USA: Harcourt.</p>

Penilaian pelaksanaan pendidikan berasaskan hasil (OBE) di Politeknik Premier di Malaysia

Similar Items